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{{More citations needed|date=February 2024}} | ||
| ⚫ | {{Use Pakistani English|date=February |
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| {{Short description|none}} <!-- This short description is INTENTIONALLY "none" - please see WP:SDNONE before you consider changing it! --> | |||
| ⚫ | The '''climate of |
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| {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}} | |||
| ⚫ | {{Use Pakistani English|date=February 2020}} | ||
| ⚫ | The '''climate of Islamabad''' is a ] (]) with four seasons: a pleasant Spring (March–April), a hot Summer (May–August), a warm dry Autumn (September—October), and a cold Winter (November—February). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed {{Convert|37|C|F|1}}. The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening ] with the possibility of ]. The coldest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In ], temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of {{Convert|-6.0|C|F|1|lk=on}} in January to a maximum of {{Convert|46.1|C|F|1}} in June.<ref name="met">{{Cite web |date=2005-05-25 |title=QUETTA |url=http://www.met.gov.pk/cdpc/islamabad.htm |access-date=2022-05-10 |website= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050525193741/http://www.met.gov.pk/cdpc/islamabad.htm |archive-date=25 May 2005 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The average low is {{Convert|2|C|F|1}} in January, while the average high is {{Convert|38.1|C|F|1}} in June.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan - Climate |url=http://countrystudies.us/pakistan/25.htm |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=countrystudies.us}}</ref> The highest temperature recorded was {{Convert|46.5|C|F|1|lk=on}} in June, while the lowest temperature was {{Convert|-6.0|C|F|1|lk=on}} in January.<ref>{{cite web | ||
| |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT002680 | |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT002680 | ||
| |title=Average Conditions, Rawalpindi (Islamabad Airport), Pakistan | |title=Average Conditions, Rawalpindi (Islamabad Airport), Pakistan | ||
| |accessdate=25 September 2009 | |||
| ⚫ | |
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| |archive-date=13 February 2006 | |||
| ⚫ | {{Islamabad |
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| |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060213002216/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT002680 | |||
| |url-status=dead | |||
| ⚫ | }}</ref> On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking {{convert|620|mm|in}} of rainfall in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in Pakistan during the past 100 years.<ref name="http">{{cite web| title = Severe Storms on dated 23 July 2001 Islamabad, Pakistan| publisher = Abdul Hameed, Director Pakistan Meteorological Department| date =| url = http://www.essl.org/ECSS/2007/abs/02-Case-study/sheikh-1-sec02.oral.pdf| accessdate =}}</ref><ref name="Weather Log - July 21–31, 2001">{{cite web| title = Weather Log – July 21–31, 2001| publisher = National Climatic Data Center| date =6 August 2001| url = http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/extremes/2001/july/extremes0701.html| accessdate =}}</ref><ref name="wmo.int">{{Cite web |url=http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/DPS/TC-DPFS-2002/Papers-Posters/Topic3-NaeemShah.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 May 2011 |archive-date=18 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120918112725/http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/DPS/TC-DPFS-2002/Papers-Posters/Topic3-NaeemShah.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{Climate chart|Islamabad, Pakistan|28=107.0|22=370.0|23=15|24=30|25=346.0|26=21|27=33|29=19|20=16|30=29|31=42.8|32=7|33=23|34=35|35=-1|36=13|21=33|19=50|-2|9=20|12|66|1|20|111|7|10=150.0|18=38|11=10|12=21|13=180.0|14=13|15=29|16=17.8|17=20|37=0}}{{Islamabad weatherbox}} | ||
| ==Factors== | ==Factors== | ||
| The ] and the ] are the two main factors that change the weather over Islamabad; otherwise, Continental air prevails for rest of the season. Following are the main factors that influence the weather over Islamabad. | The ] and the ] are the two main factors that change the weather over Islamabad; otherwise, Continental air prevails for rest of the season. Following are the main factors that influence the weather over Islamabad. | ||
| *'''Western Disturbances''' occur almost every month in the city, but peaking during the winter months and causes moderate to heavy rainfall, temperature also decreases due to it. |
*'''Western Disturbances''' occur almost every month in the city, but peaking during the winter months and causes moderate to heavy rainfall, temperature also decreases due to it. | ||
| *'''Fog''' does occur during the winter season and remains for weeks; especially near ]. | *'''Fog''' does occur during the winter season and remains for weeks; especially near ]. | ||
| *'''Dust storms''' occur during summer months with peak in |
*'''Dust storms''' occur during summer months with peak in April and May. These dust storms are quite violent. | ||
| *'''Southwest Monsoon''' occurs in summer from the month of June till September. These monsoon rains are quite heavy by nature and can cause severe flooding if they interact with westerly waves. | *'''Southwest Monsoon''' occurs in summer from the month of June till September. These monsoon rains are quite heavy by nature and can cause severe flooding if they interact with westerly waves. | ||
| *'''Continental air''' prevails during the period when there is no precipitation in the city. | *'''Continental air''' prevails during the period when there is no precipitation in the city. | ||
| ==Monthly weather conditions== | ==Monthly weather conditions== | ||
| The following is the monthly summary of the climatic conditions in Islamabad.<ref>{{ |
The following is the monthly summary of the climatic conditions in Islamabad.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-06-19 |title=Climate of Islamabad – The Monthly factors! |url=https://pakistanweatherportal.com/2011/06/19/climate-of-islamabad-the-monthly-factors/ |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=Pakistan Weather Portal (PWP) |language=en}}</ref> | ||
| ===January=== | ===January=== | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| January is the coldest month of Islamabad. In January the weather of Islamabad is cold with some nights dropping easily below 0°C. Rainfall in this month is moderate to heavy like in |
January is the coldest month of Islamabad. In January the weather of Islamabad is cold with some nights dropping easily below 0 °C. Most days are clear blue skies, however this month is prone to foggy nights and mornings. Near zero visibility is experienced during extremely foggy nights that absolutely hampers air traffic and motorways. The intensity of Rainfall in this month is moderate to fairly-heavy like in the western disturbance season of the city. Snowfall on higher elevations of Margalla Hills is not uncommon as it happens every year or after every few years. There have been rare instances of snowfall in the city (February 1984). The average rainfall for this month is 59mm at Zero Point official observatory and 56mm at Chaklala (old airport).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ali |first=Aamir Yasin {{!}} Kalbe |date=2013-02-04 |title=Met predicts snow over Margalla Hills |url=https://www.dawn.com/2013/02/04/met-predicts-snow-over-margalla-hills/ |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=DAWN.COM |language=en}}</ref> ] has a great influence in the winter of the city. It produces rains and sometimes hailstorms. The highest temperature is {{convert|30.1|C|F}} (30,Jan,1995) and it breaks the record the highest temperature in islamabad is 42 °C ( 0%, Humidity: 20% ,Wind: 11 km/h)(09-JUN,2021) and lowest temperature is {{convert|-6.0|C|F}}. While the highest rainfall for this month is {{convert|199|mm|in}} recorded at Zero Point in 1995. | ||
| ===February=== | ===February=== | ||
| The weather of ] in February is warmer than that of January. The weather remains mild. ] causes rainfall just like in January but the frequency and intensity of western disturbances is more than that of January. |
The weather of ] in February is warmer than that of January. The weather remains mild. ] causes rainfall just like in January but the frequency and intensity of western disturbances is more than that of January. Average rainfall is relatively greater than January totaling to 84.1 millimetres at Chaklala airport and 89mm at Zero Point official observatory (3.31 in). In 2013, record (Highest) rainfall of 306.1 millimetres (12.05 in) at Chaklala airport was observed and a thunderstorms breakout was experienced from three western disturbances that caused bizarre conditions of frequent hailstorms and 93 kilometres per hour (58 mph) wind gusts. Moreover, hailstorms with thunderstorms are not a rare occurrence in this cool time of the year. Observations demonstrate that cold weather (below zero temperature) is not experienced after halfway through the month as plantation season officially begins during the last fortnight. On rare occasions, snowline has even dropped down just to 3000 feet in February because of which Margalla Hills have received heavy snowfall in some years (especially up to a total of 1.5 feet snow in 2005). On 11 February 2016 also, the Margalla Hills received good snowfall which could be clearly seen from the Islamabad city. The highest temperature ever recorded was {{convert|30|C|F}} (1985) and lowest temperature is {{convert|-2.2|C|F}}. | ||
| ===March=== | ===March=== | ||
| Spring starts and in this month, the weather starts to settle. In March the weather turns warmer making it very pleasant. Average relative humidity in this month is about 37%. Again ] has an effect on the weather, producing rain and hail. It causes rains with strong winds. Western Disturbance has no timing, it affects the upper and northern parts of ] including Islamabad in every month and season. |
Spring starts and in this month, the weather starts to settle. In March the weather turns warmer making it very pleasant. Average relative humidity in this month is about 37%. Again ] has an effect on the weather, producing rain and hail. It causes rains with strong winds. Western Disturbance has no timing, it affects the upper and northern parts of ] including Islamabad in every month and season. March 2015 set a record rainfall of a massive 331.1 millimetres (13.04 in) at chaklala airport. A few strong thunderstorms develop every year during this month and sometimes these can accompanied by dust storms and gusts near hurricane force at 126 kilometres per hour (75 mph). Hailstorms are both greater in frequency and intensity during March and weather can quickly change during the day. The highest temperature is {{convert|36.0|C|F}} and the lowest is {{convert|0|C|F}}. The highest rainfall for March is {{convert|333|mm|in}} (2015). | ||
| ===April=== | ===April=== | ||
| Another |
Another spring month with pleasant temperatures. April in Islamabad transitions from warm to hot during day time, while night temperatures begin to move from cool to warm. Typically, late April sees a sharp rise in both the day and night time temperatures. Mean high during daytime is 30.2 °C (86.4 °F), while nights enjoy a mean of 15.4 °C (59.7 °F). Record high for April is a very hot 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) recorded on 29 April 2006 at chaklala airport, on the other hand, a chilly low of 5.1 °C (41.2 °F) on 7 April 1994 have been witnessed. The weather at few times gets hot in this month. Humidity remains low in this month about 24%. While the highest rainfall is {{convert|264.5|mm|in}} (1983). | ||
| ===May=== | ===May=== | ||
| Start of |
Start of summers, In May the weather gets very hot in the city. The highest temperature is {{convert|45.6|C|F}} (1988) and lowest is {{convert|10.5|C|F}} (1997). Humidity gets extremely low in May as compared to other month, which is of 19%. Evening thunderstorms can occur in this month accompanied by dust storms that give the citizens of Islamabad much awaited relief from the scorching heat. The highest rainfall is {{convert|115.6|mm|in}} (1965), current weather highest temperature ever recorded in Islamabad is {{convert|48.0|C|F}} (2024) | ||
| ===June=== | ===June=== | ||
| June is the hottest month of Islamabad. Temperatures in this month reach till {{convert|46. |
June is the hottest month of Islamabad. Temperatures in this month reach till {{convert|46.6|C|F}} as recorded in 2005, While the lowest temperature is {{convert|16|C|F}} (2023). Till the first week of June the weather is very dry. But in the middle of June Pre-Monsoon showers can start that come from South west ]. ] are common in this month which are locally called as 'Andhi'. The highest rainfall for the month of June is {{convert|255|mm|in}} (2008). On 23 June 2010, a massive dust storm of 81 mph (130 km/h) hit the city followed by drizzle before the storm, temperatures peaked above {{convert|40|C|F}} for four consecutive days.<ref>{{Cite web |title=PMD to submit report about recent windstorm to PM |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/125350-PMD-to-submit-report-about-recent-windstorm-to-PM |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=www.thenews.com.pk |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=2010-06-23 |title=Strong dust storm kills one in Islamabad |url=http://www.geo.tv/6-23-2010/67221.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100626220257/http://www.geo.tv/6-23-2010/67221.htm# |archive-date=26 June 2010 |access-date=8 January 2011 |website=]}}</ref> On 1 June 2016, the most powerful windstorm in the history of Islamabad struck the city with estimated wind gusts of more than 175 km/h causing huge property damage, uprooting large number of trees and poles. Around 30–40 people died in Rawalpindi and Islamabad due to that storm.<ref>{{Cite web |title=No windstorm alert: PM seeks explanation from PMD - Pakistan - Dunya News |url=http://dunyanews.tv/en/Pakistan/339618-No-windstorm-alert-PM-seeks-explanation-from-PMD |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=dunyanews.tv}}</ref> | ||
| ===July=== | ===July=== | ||
| July is the start of Annual ] season and the wettest month for Islamabad as well as for whole ] that continues till September. In July Islamabad can see some very heavy falls of rain accompanied by Strong Thunderstorms and windstorms. These heavy Storms is due to the moisture coming from ] and ] and sometimes if western disturbance interact with them then record rain can be seen. Humidity remains above 65%. The highest temperature in this month is {{convert| |
July is the start of Annual ] season and the wettest month for Islamabad as well as for whole ] that continues till September. In July Islamabad can see some very heavy falls of rain accompanied by Strong Thunderstorms and windstorms. These heavy Storms is due to the moisture coming from ] and ] and sometimes if western disturbance interact with them then record rain can be seen. Humidity remains above 65%. The highest temperature in this month is {{convert|45|C|F}} and lowest temperature is {{convert|17.8|C|F}} and the highest rainfall for this month is {{convert|1089|mm|in}} recorded at Zero Point H/8 official observatory in (2001). The heaviest rain of the city was also recorded in this month when {{convert|621|mm|in}} rain occurred in just 10 hours on 23 July 2001 the continuous downpour lasted from 0600 to 1600 ].<ref name="http"/><ref name="Weather Log - July 21–31, 2001"/><ref name="wmo.int"/><ref name="meteo.fr">{{Cite web |url=http://www.meteo.fr/cic/wsn05/resumes_longs/8.02-12.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 May 2011 |archive-date=4 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404175429/http://www.meteo.fr/cic/wsn05/resumes_longs/8.02-12.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
| In July 2008, a severe rainfall spell, that lasted from 4 to 9 July, produced a heavy rainfall of {{convert|162|mm|in}} in 5 hours.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/rnd/rnd_files/vol6_issue12/4_Case%20Study%20Heavy%20Rainfall%20Event%20over%20Lai%20Nullah%20Catchment%20Area.pdf# |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011 |
In July 2008, a severe rainfall spell, that lasted from 4 to 9 July, produced a heavy rainfall of {{convert|162|mm|in}} in 5 hours.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/rnd/rnd_files/vol6_issue12/4_Case%20Study%20Heavy%20Rainfall%20Event%20over%20Lai%20Nullah%20Catchment%20Area.pdf# |title=Archived copy |access-date=8 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315185754/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/rnd/rnd_files/vol6_issue12/4_Case%20Study%20Heavy%20Rainfall%20Event%20over%20Lai%20Nullah%20Catchment%20Area.pdf# |archive-date=15 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It was the heaviest short period rainfall in last six years reminding the cloud burst of 23 July 2001. While on 30 July 2010 heavy downpour of {{convert|257|mm|in}} occurred that caused flash floods in the city. | ||
| ===August=== | ===August=== | ||
| Monsoon rains |
Monsoon rains intensify in August. The month of August is the most humid month for Islamabad. The highest temperature is {{convert|42|C|F}} (1987) and the lowest temperature is {{convert|18|C|F}} (1976). While the highest rainfall for this month is {{convert|645.5|mm|in}} (1982). On 9 August 2011 a cloudburst in Islamabad that continued for three hours and yielded {{convert|176|mm|in}} of rain, flooded main streets. The year 2020 also saw record rains and caused havoc.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://awaztoday.com/singlenews/1/11679/Political-News/Rain-wreaks-havoc-in-Islamabad-cities-in-Punjab-and-KP.aspx# |title=Rain wreaks havoc in Islamabad, cities in Punjab and KP |access-date=9 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320161342/http://awaztoday.com/singlenews/1/11679/Political-News/Rain-wreaks-havoc-in-Islamabad-cities-in-Punjab-and-KP.aspx# |archive-date=20 March 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
| ===September=== | ===September=== | ||
| End of summer in which, day temperatures remain a bit high. But evenings, nights and mornings are quite pleasant. Temperature starts to drop more in the night. And by the end of September, summer seems to have gone away. And Autumn starts to approach. It all depends on the rains. If there are much rains in September, weather will change quickly. If not, then the weather changes gradually. Monsoon rains continue till the |
End of summer in which, day temperatures remain a bit high. But evenings, nights and mornings are quite pleasant. Temperature starts to drop more in the night. And by the end of September, summer seems to have gone away. And Autumn starts to approach. (but in recent years the month has become more hotter)It all depends on the rains. If there are much rains in September, weather will change quickly. If not, then the weather changes gradually. Monsoon rains continue till the first-week of September, but they can be showers till the end of the month. After that monsoon completely withdraws from the city. Western disturbances in september can cause strong windstorms with moderate to Heavy Rainfall. The highest temperature is {{convert|38.1|C|F}} (1982) and lowest is {{convert|13.3|C|F}}. The highest rainfall in this month stands at {{convert|421|mm|in}} (2014). | ||
| ===October=== | ===October=== | ||
| The start of Autumn, with pleasant temperatures. Day temperature can be a bit high, which can cause discomfort in the sun, while travelling and sitting without a fan. But evenings, nights and mornings are very pleasant, which urge one to go for walks and for outings. October is the driest month in the city |
The start of Autumn, with pleasant temperatures. Day temperature can be a bit high, which can cause discomfort in the sun, while travelling and sitting without a fan. But evenings, nights and mornings are very pleasant, which urge one to go for walks and for outings. October is the driest month in the city, though in recent years it has been raining a lot. Western disturbance affect the city which causes light rain. Sometimes thunderstorms occur, which cause the temperature to drop more. In the middle of October the night temperature starts to drop very fast and winds start to become very cold which causes more drop in temperature. The highest rainfall for this month is {{convert|199.2|mm|in}} (2015). The highest temperature and lowest temperature is {{convert|37.8|C|F}} (1998)and {{convert|5.7|C|F}} (1984) respectively. | ||
| '''November''' | |||
| The Start of Winter month in the city And temperature starts to drop a lot. Mornings can become very chilly . Warm clothes are pulled out to wear. Some afternoons of November are a bit warm, in which people still avoid direct sunlight. While at times people like to work, play and even stand in the sun. Showers or hailstorms occur in this month too. The highest rainfall for this month is {{convert|91|mm|in}} (1959) and the highest and lowest temperature is {{convert|32.2|C|F}} and {{convert|0|C|F}} respectively. | |||
| ===December=== | ===December=== | ||
| In the month of December the winter finally sets in, while the coldest winter of the city is observed in January, weather becomes quite chilly in December too. Hot drinks, like tea and coffee with soups become common in the city. Fish is one of the most enjoyed dish of winter. Rainfall in December is expected by |
In the month of December the winter finally sets in, while the coldest winter of the city is observed in January, weather becomes quite chilly in December too. Hot drinks, like tea and coffee with soups become common in the city. Fish is one of the most enjoyed dish of winter. Rainfall in December is expected by western disturbance . Western Disturbance cause rain in this month. The highest rainfall for this month is {{convert|177.9|mm|in}} (1990). The lowest temperature and highest temperature is {{convert|-4.1|C|F}} and {{convert|28.3|C|F}} respectively.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} | ||
| ==Monsoon rainfall of Islamabad== | ==Monsoon rainfall of Islamabad== | ||
| The average |
The average annual rainfall of Islamabad is {{convert|1457|mm|in}}.<ref name="pakmet.com.pk">{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/Climate/Islamabad_Climate_Data.txt |title=Archived copy |accessdate=15 January 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613053217/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/Climate/Islamabad_Climate_Data.txt |archivedate=13 June 2010 }}</ref> Monsoon season starts by the end of June and prevails till the end of September. In 2009, Islamabad saw below normal monsoon rainfalls due to the presence of ] over Pakistan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/monsoon2009ver.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=25 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315185449/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/monsoon2009ver.pdf |archivedate=15 March 2012 }}</ref> It just recorded {{convert|354|mm|in}} of rain during the ] in 2009.<ref name="pakmet.com.pk"/> The highest rainfall of {{convert|620|mm|in}} was recorded in ] on 23 July 2001. The record breaking rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in Pakistan during the past 100 years .<ref name="Essl.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.essl.org/ECSS/2007/abs/02-Case-study/sheikh-1-sec02.oral.pdf |publisher=Essl.org |title=Essl.org:Cloudburst in Islamabad |accessdate=6 September 2010}}</ref><ref name="Ncdc.noaa.gov">{{cite web|url=http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/extremes/2001/july/extremes0701.html |publisher=Ncdc.noaa.gov |title=Ncdc.noaa.gov: Climate Extremes |accessdate=6 September 2010}}</ref> The following is the Monsoon rainfall in Islamabad since 2006 based on the data from ].<ref name="http://www.pakmet.com.pk">{{cite web | url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/ | title=PakMet {{pipe}} Pakistan Weather Report Karachi, Islamabad, Lahore | access-date=11 September 2010 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100901073841/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/ | archive-date=1 September 2010 | url-status=dead }}</ref> | ||
| * In 2006, a total of {{convert|962|mm|in}} rain was recorded.<ref name="http://www.pakmet.com.pk"/> | * In 2006, a total of {{convert|962|mm|in}} rain was recorded.<ref name="http://www.pakmet.com.pk"/> | ||
| * In 2007, a total of {{convert|1117|mm|in}} rain was recorded.<ref name="http://www.pakmet.com.pk"/> | * In 2007, a total of {{convert|1117|mm|in}} rain was recorded.<ref name="http://www.pakmet.com.pk"/> | ||
| * In 2008, a total of {{convert|1108|mm|in}} rain was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainjune.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate= |
* In 2008, a total of {{convert|1108|mm|in}} rain was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainjune.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729125042/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainjune.htm |archivedate=29 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainjuly.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729125013/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainjuly.htm |archivedate=29 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainaug.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=6 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716143942/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainaug.htm |archivedate=16 July 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfallsep.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729124958/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfallsep.htm |archivedate=29 July 2010 }}</ref> | ||
| * In 2009, a total of {{convert|354|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljune09.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate= |
* In 2009, a total of {{convert|354|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljune09.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729124910/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljune09.htm |archivedate=29 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljuly09.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729124906/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljuly09.htm |archivedate=29 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfallaug09.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729115503/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfallaug09.htm |archivedate=29 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfallsep09.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729125005/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfallsep09.htm |archivedate=29 July 2010 }}</ref> | ||
| * In 2010, a total of {{convert|1171|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljune10.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate= |
* In 2010, a total of {{convert|1171|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljune10.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=29 July 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100729124915/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljune10.htm |archivedate=29 July 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljuly10.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=20 August 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100820185911/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfalljuly10.htm |archivedate=20 August 2010 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfallaug10.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=13 September 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100921231522/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfallaug10.htm |archivedate=21 September 2010 }}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfall.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=18 January 2011 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100926134658/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/rainfall.htm |archivedate=26 September 2010 }}</ref> | ||
| * In 2011, a total of {{convert|1716.2|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/daily/rainfallsep1.htm |accessdate=2011 |
* In 2011, a total of {{convert|1716.2|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref name="ReferenceA"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakmet.com.pk/FFD/index_files/daily/rainfallsep1.htm |accessdate=7 October 2011 |title=PakMet }}{{dead link|date=May 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> | ||
| * In 2012, a total of {{convert|988.9|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://namc.pmd.gov.pk/fog.php?type%3Df%26page%3D46 |title= |
* In 2012, a total of {{convert|988.9|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://namc.pmd.gov.pk/fog.php?type%3Df%26page%3D46 |title=Pakistan Meteorological Department |accessdate=8 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719191230/http://namc.pmd.gov.pk/fog.php?type=f&page=46 |archivedate=19 July 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pmd.gov.pk/FFD/index_files/daily/rainfalljul12.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=8 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120714003152/http://www.pmd.gov.pk/FFD/index_files/daily/rainfalljul12.htm |archivedate=14 July 2012 }}</ref> | ||
| * In 2013, a total of {{convert|1988|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pmd.gov.pk/FFD/index_files/daily/rainfalljun13.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate= |
* In 2013, a total of {{convert|1988|mm|in}} was recorded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pmd.gov.pk/FFD/index_files/daily/rainfalljun13.htm |title=Archived copy |accessdate=14 June 2013 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130616004542/http://www.pmd.gov.pk/FFD/index_files/daily/rainfalljun13.htm |archivedate=16 June 2013 }}</ref> | ||
| ==Cloud burst of 23 July 2001== | ==Cloud burst of 23 July 2001== | ||
| ⚫ | *{{main|2001 Islamabad cloud burst}} | ||
| ⚫ | On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rainfall in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in Pakistan during the past 100 years.<ref name="http"/><ref name="Weather Log - July 21–31, 2001"/> Continuous downpour in lasted for about 10 hours from 0600–1600 ] in Islamabad,<ref name="http"/><ref name="Weather Log - July 21–31, 2001"/><ref name="wmo.int"/><ref name="meteo.fr"/> caused the worst ever Flash Flood in the local stream called "Nulla Lai" and its tributaries, which swept away low-lying areas of the twin cities. The neighbour city, ] also experienced {{convert|335|mm|in}} of rain on the same day. According to the official figures, at least 10 people died, 800 houses were destroyed and 1069 houses were partially damaged in Islamabad.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.saarc-smrc.org/news-8.html |title=Saarc smrc – Blog |accessdate=22 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20040716013240/http://www.saarc-smrc.org/news-8.html |archivedate=16 July 2004 }}</ref> | ||
| ==Cloud burst of 28 July 2021== | |||
| ⚫ | On 23 July 2001, Islamabad |
||
| ⚫ | {{main|2021 Islamabad flooding}} | ||
| On 28 July 2021, heavy rains started after the ] in ], ], caused flood situation in many parts of the federal capital and killed two people.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2021 |title=2 killed as urban flooding hits parts of Islamabad following cloudburst |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1637406}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Two killed after cloudburst triggers urban flooding in Islamabad |url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/869877-two-killed-after-cloudburst-triggers-urban-flooding-in-islamabad |website=www.thenews.com.pk}}</ref> Several vehicles were swept away in the floods and water entered the basement of houses and plazas in Sector ], ] and ]. 116 mm of rain was recorded at the personal weather station in E-11/4 Islamabad.<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2021 |title=Army rescue teams in place as cloudburst floods Islamabad sectors, nullahs |url=https://arynews.tv/rescue-teams-place-as-cloudburst-flood/}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=28 July 2021 |title=WATCH: Several cars swept away as cloudburst triggers flash flood in Islamabad |url=https://en.dailypakistan.com.pk/28-Jul-2021/watch-several-cars-swept-away-as-cloudburst-triggers-flash-flood-in-islamabad}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Flooding in Islamabad because of cloudburst: Deputy Commissioner Hamza Shafqaat |url=https://www.geo.tv/latest/362130-cloudburst-in-islamabad-causes-flooding-deputy-commissioner}}</ref> | |||
| ==Pakistan Meteorological Departments in Islamabad== | ==Pakistan Meteorological Departments in Islamabad== | ||
| * National |
* National Seismic Monitoring and Tsunami Early Warning Center, Islamabad (''Backup Station'') | ||
| *Research & Development Islamabad |
*Research & Development Islamabad | ||
| * Meteorological Forecasting Offices (mainly for Aviation purposes) Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad/Rawalpindi |
* Meteorological Forecasting Offices (mainly for Aviation purposes) Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad/Rawalpindi | ||
| *], Islamabad |
*], Islamabad | ||
| * ], ] & early warning Center ] |
* ], ] & early warning Center ] | ||
| * Weather stations are located at Headquarters of PMD (Zero point), Saidpur Village, Golra Sharif, Bokra. However, the headquarters also control operations of the weather stations located in ]; namely, Islamabad Airport (Chaklala), Shamasabad, and Qasim Airbase (Dhamial Camp) | * Weather stations are located at Headquarters of PMD (Zero point), Saidpur Village, Golra Sharif, Bokra. However, the headquarters also control operations of the weather stations located in ]; namely, Islamabad Airport (Chaklala), Shamasabad, and Qasim Airbase (Dhamial Camp) | ||
| == Additional Season (Monsoon) == | |||
| Environmentalists and climatologists are now classifying Islamabad's climate into five distinct seasons. The newly added season is the Monsoon, characterized by heavy rainfall and high humidity. During this time, temperatures are relatively lower compared to the peak summer months of May and June. This distinct change in climate is the reason experts have classified the Monsoon as a separate season, given its unique nature compared to the typical summer months. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Monsoon Seasons |url=https://disasterphilanthropy.org/resources/monsoon-seasons/ |access-date=2024-08-05 |website=Center for Disaster Philanthropy |language=en-US}}</ref> | |||
| {| class="wikitable" | |||
| |+ | |||
| !Season | |||
| !Duration | |||
| !Remarks | |||
| |- | |||
| |Summer | |||
| |First week of May to end to June | |||
| |Intense dry heat relatively low rainfall and temperature crossing 40°C. | |||
| |- | |||
| |Monsoon | |||
| |First week July to mid of September | |||
| |Heavy to extreme rainfall with moderate temperature of around 32-33°C but moderate to high heat index due to high humidity. | |||
| |- | |||
| |Autumn | |||
| |Mid of September to end of October | |||
| |Day temperature remains normal (not hot not cold) but night gets chilly and pleasant. | |||
| |- | |||
| |Winters | |||
| |first week to November to end of February | |||
| |Very chilly and cold especially during night and morning time in which the temperate gets below freezing point i.e. 4°C. Snowfall unusually occurs in Marglla hills but no snowfall in plan areas now. | |||
| |- | |||
| |Spring | |||
| |First week to March to end of April | |||
| |Pleasent warm and windy conditions. If rainfall than the weather gets cold otherwise very ideal. | |||
| |} | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| ⚫ | * |
||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| * ] | * ] | ||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| ==References== | ==References== | ||
| Line 91: | Line 132: | ||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| * | * | ||
| * | * | ||
| Line 97: | Line 138: | ||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Climate Of Islamabad}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Climate Of Islamabad}} | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:01, 21 December 2024
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The climate of Islamabad is a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification) with four seasons: a pleasant Spring (March–April), a hot Summer (May–August), a warm dry Autumn (September—October), and a cold Winter (November—February). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 37 °C (98.6 °F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coldest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 °C (115.0 °F) in June. The average low is 2 °C (35.6 °F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 °C (100.6 °F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 °C (115.7 °F) in June, while the lowest temperature was −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rainfall in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in Pakistan during the past 100 years.
| Islamabad, Pakistan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Climate chart (explanation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Climate data for Islamabad (1991-2020) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 25.0 (77.0) |
30.0 (86.0) |
37.0 (98.6) |
44.0 (111.2) |
45.6 (114.1) |
48.6 (119.5) |
45.0 (113.0) |
42.0 (107.6) |
38.1 (100.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
32.2 (90.0) |
28.3 (82.9) |
48.6 (119.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 17.7 (63.9) |
20.0 (68.0) |
24.8 (76.6) |
30.6 (87.1) |
36.1 (97.0) |
38.3 (100.9) |
35.4 (95.7) |
33.9 (93.0) |
33.4 (92.1) |
30.9 (87.6) |
25.4 (77.7) |
20.4 (68.7) |
28.9 (84.0) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.7 (51.3) |
13.4 (56.1) |
18.1 (64.6) |
23.6 (74.5) |
28.7 (83.7) |
31.4 (88.5) |
30.1 (86.2) |
29.1 (84.4) |
27.6 (81.7) |
23.3 (73.9) |
17.3 (63.1) |
12.5 (54.5) |
22.2 (71.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.2 (36.0) |
6.8 (44.2) |
11.4 (52.5) |
16.6 (61.9) |
21.5 (70.7) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.9 (76.8) |
24.2 (75.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
9.1 (48.4) |
3.4 (38.1) |
15.2 (59.3) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −10 (14) |
−8 (18) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
1.6 (34.9) |
5.5 (41.9) |
13 (55) |
15.2 (59.4) |
14.5 (58.1) |
13.3 (55.9) |
5.7 (42.3) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−2.8 (27.0) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 55.2 (2.17) |
99.5 (3.92) |
180.5 (7.11) |
120.8 (4.76) |
39.9 (1.57) |
78.4 (3.09) |
310.6 (12.23) |
317.0 (12.48) |
135.4 (5.33) |
34.4 (1.35) |
17.7 (0.70) |
25.9 (1.02) |
1,415.3 (55.73) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 4.7 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 5.2 | 6.0 | 12.3 | 11.9 | 6.4 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 79.4 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 195.7 | 187.1 | 202.3 | 252.4 | 319.0 | 300.1 | 264.4 | 250.7 | 262.2 | 275.5 | 247.9 | 195 | 2,952.3 |
| Source 1: NOAA (sun, 1961-1990) | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: PMD (extremes) | |||||||||||||
Factors
The Monsoon and the Western Disturbance are the two main factors that change the weather over Islamabad; otherwise, Continental air prevails for rest of the season. Following are the main factors that influence the weather over Islamabad.
- Western Disturbances occur almost every month in the city, but peaking during the winter months and causes moderate to heavy rainfall, temperature also decreases due to it.
- Fog does occur during the winter season and remains for weeks; especially near Margalla Hills.
- Dust storms occur during summer months with peak in April and May. These dust storms are quite violent.
- Southwest Monsoon occurs in summer from the month of June till September. These monsoon rains are quite heavy by nature and can cause severe flooding if they interact with westerly waves.
- Continental air prevails during the period when there is no precipitation in the city.
Monthly weather conditions
The following is the monthly summary of the climatic conditions in Islamabad.
January
January is the coldest month of Islamabad. In January the weather of Islamabad is cold with some nights dropping easily below 0 °C. Most days are clear blue skies, however this month is prone to foggy nights and mornings. Near zero visibility is experienced during extremely foggy nights that absolutely hampers air traffic and motorways. The intensity of Rainfall in this month is moderate to fairly-heavy like in the western disturbance season of the city. Snowfall on higher elevations of Margalla Hills is not uncommon as it happens every year or after every few years. There have been rare instances of snowfall in the city (February 1984). The average rainfall for this month is 59mm at Zero Point official observatory and 56mm at Chaklala (old airport). Western Disturbance has a great influence in the winter of the city. It produces rains and sometimes hailstorms. The highest temperature is 30.1 °C (86.2 °F) (30,Jan,1995) and it breaks the record the highest temperature in islamabad is 42 °C ( 0%, Humidity: 20% ,Wind: 11 km/h)(09-JUN,2021) and lowest temperature is −6.0 °C (21.2 °F). While the highest rainfall for this month is 199 millimetres (7.8 in) recorded at Zero Point in 1995.
February
The weather of Islamabad in February is warmer than that of January. The weather remains mild. Western Disturbance causes rainfall just like in January but the frequency and intensity of western disturbances is more than that of January. Average rainfall is relatively greater than January totaling to 84.1 millimetres at Chaklala airport and 89mm at Zero Point official observatory (3.31 in). In 2013, record (Highest) rainfall of 306.1 millimetres (12.05 in) at Chaklala airport was observed and a thunderstorms breakout was experienced from three western disturbances that caused bizarre conditions of frequent hailstorms and 93 kilometres per hour (58 mph) wind gusts. Moreover, hailstorms with thunderstorms are not a rare occurrence in this cool time of the year. Observations demonstrate that cold weather (below zero temperature) is not experienced after halfway through the month as plantation season officially begins during the last fortnight. On rare occasions, snowline has even dropped down just to 3000 feet in February because of which Margalla Hills have received heavy snowfall in some years (especially up to a total of 1.5 feet snow in 2005). On 11 February 2016 also, the Margalla Hills received good snowfall which could be clearly seen from the Islamabad city. The highest temperature ever recorded was 30 °C (86 °F) (1985) and lowest temperature is −2.2 °C (28.0 °F).
March
Spring starts and in this month, the weather starts to settle. In March the weather turns warmer making it very pleasant. Average relative humidity in this month is about 37%. Again Western Disturbance has an effect on the weather, producing rain and hail. It causes rains with strong winds. Western Disturbance has no timing, it affects the upper and northern parts of Pakistan including Islamabad in every month and season. March 2015 set a record rainfall of a massive 331.1 millimetres (13.04 in) at chaklala airport. A few strong thunderstorms develop every year during this month and sometimes these can accompanied by dust storms and gusts near hurricane force at 126 kilometres per hour (75 mph). Hailstorms are both greater in frequency and intensity during March and weather can quickly change during the day. The highest temperature is 36.0 °C (96.8 °F) and the lowest is 0 °C (32 °F). The highest rainfall for March is 333 millimetres (13.1 in) (2015).
April
Another spring month with pleasant temperatures. April in Islamabad transitions from warm to hot during day time, while night temperatures begin to move from cool to warm. Typically, late April sees a sharp rise in both the day and night time temperatures. Mean high during daytime is 30.2 °C (86.4 °F), while nights enjoy a mean of 15.4 °C (59.7 °F). Record high for April is a very hot 40.6 °C (105.1 °F) recorded on 29 April 2006 at chaklala airport, on the other hand, a chilly low of 5.1 °C (41.2 °F) on 7 April 1994 have been witnessed. The weather at few times gets hot in this month. Humidity remains low in this month about 24%. While the highest rainfall is 264.5 millimetres (10.41 in) (1983).
May
Start of summers, In May the weather gets very hot in the city. The highest temperature is 45.6 °C (114.1 °F) (1988) and lowest is 10.5 °C (50.9 °F) (1997). Humidity gets extremely low in May as compared to other month, which is of 19%. Evening thunderstorms can occur in this month accompanied by dust storms that give the citizens of Islamabad much awaited relief from the scorching heat. The highest rainfall is 115.6 millimetres (4.55 in) (1965), current weather highest temperature ever recorded in Islamabad is 48.0 °C (118.4 °F) (2024)
June
June is the hottest month of Islamabad. Temperatures in this month reach till 46.6 °C (115.9 °F) as recorded in 2005, While the lowest temperature is 16 °C (61 °F) (2023). Till the first week of June the weather is very dry. But in the middle of June Pre-Monsoon showers can start that come from South west Monsoon. Dust storms are common in this month which are locally called as 'Andhi'. The highest rainfall for the month of June is 255 millimetres (10.0 in) (2008). On 23 June 2010, a massive dust storm of 81 mph (130 km/h) hit the city followed by drizzle before the storm, temperatures peaked above 40 °C (104 °F) for four consecutive days. On 1 June 2016, the most powerful windstorm in the history of Islamabad struck the city with estimated wind gusts of more than 175 km/h causing huge property damage, uprooting large number of trees and poles. Around 30–40 people died in Rawalpindi and Islamabad due to that storm.
July
July is the start of Annual Monsoon season and the wettest month for Islamabad as well as for whole Pakistan that continues till September. In July Islamabad can see some very heavy falls of rain accompanied by Strong Thunderstorms and windstorms. These heavy Storms is due to the moisture coming from Arabian Sea and Bay of Bengal and sometimes if western disturbance interact with them then record rain can be seen. Humidity remains above 65%. The highest temperature in this month is 45 °C (113 °F) and lowest temperature is 17.8 °C (64.0 °F) and the highest rainfall for this month is 1,089 millimetres (42.9 in) recorded at Zero Point H/8 official observatory in (2001). The heaviest rain of the city was also recorded in this month when 621 millimetres (24.4 in) rain occurred in just 10 hours on 23 July 2001 the continuous downpour lasted from 0600 to 1600 PST. In July 2008, a severe rainfall spell, that lasted from 4 to 9 July, produced a heavy rainfall of 162 millimetres (6.4 in) in 5 hours. It was the heaviest short period rainfall in last six years reminding the cloud burst of 23 July 2001. While on 30 July 2010 heavy downpour of 257 millimetres (10.1 in) occurred that caused flash floods in the city.
August
Monsoon rains intensify in August. The month of August is the most humid month for Islamabad. The highest temperature is 42 °C (108 °F) (1987) and the lowest temperature is 18 °C (64 °F) (1976). While the highest rainfall for this month is 645.5 millimetres (25.41 in) (1982). On 9 August 2011 a cloudburst in Islamabad that continued for three hours and yielded 176 millimetres (6.9 in) of rain, flooded main streets. The year 2020 also saw record rains and caused havoc.
September
End of summer in which, day temperatures remain a bit high. But evenings, nights and mornings are quite pleasant. Temperature starts to drop more in the night. And by the end of September, summer seems to have gone away. And Autumn starts to approach. (but in recent years the month has become more hotter)It all depends on the rains. If there are much rains in September, weather will change quickly. If not, then the weather changes gradually. Monsoon rains continue till the first-week of September, but they can be showers till the end of the month. After that monsoon completely withdraws from the city. Western disturbances in september can cause strong windstorms with moderate to Heavy Rainfall. The highest temperature is 38.1 °C (100.6 °F) (1982) and lowest is 13.3 °C (55.9 °F). The highest rainfall in this month stands at 421 millimetres (16.6 in) (2014).
October
The start of Autumn, with pleasant temperatures. Day temperature can be a bit high, which can cause discomfort in the sun, while travelling and sitting without a fan. But evenings, nights and mornings are very pleasant, which urge one to go for walks and for outings. October is the driest month in the city, though in recent years it has been raining a lot. Western disturbance affect the city which causes light rain. Sometimes thunderstorms occur, which cause the temperature to drop more. In the middle of October the night temperature starts to drop very fast and winds start to become very cold which causes more drop in temperature. The highest rainfall for this month is 199.2 millimetres (7.84 in) (2015). The highest temperature and lowest temperature is 37.8 °C (100.0 °F) (1998)and 5.7 °C (42.3 °F) (1984) respectively.
November
The Start of Winter month in the city And temperature starts to drop a lot. Mornings can become very chilly . Warm clothes are pulled out to wear. Some afternoons of November are a bit warm, in which people still avoid direct sunlight. While at times people like to work, play and even stand in the sun. Showers or hailstorms occur in this month too. The highest rainfall for this month is 91 millimetres (3.6 in) (1959) and the highest and lowest temperature is 32.2 °C (90.0 °F) and 0 °C (32 °F) respectively.
December
In the month of December the winter finally sets in, while the coldest winter of the city is observed in January, weather becomes quite chilly in December too. Hot drinks, like tea and coffee with soups become common in the city. Fish is one of the most enjoyed dish of winter. Rainfall in December is expected by western disturbance . Western Disturbance cause rain in this month. The highest rainfall for this month is 177.9 millimetres (7.00 in) (1990). The lowest temperature and highest temperature is −4.1 °C (24.6 °F) and 28.3 °C (82.9 °F) respectively.
Monsoon rainfall of Islamabad
The average annual rainfall of Islamabad is 1,457 millimetres (57.4 in). Monsoon season starts by the end of June and prevails till the end of September. In 2009, Islamabad saw below normal monsoon rainfalls due to the presence of El Niño over Pakistan. It just recorded 354 millimetres (13.9 in) of rain during the Monsoon season in 2009. The highest rainfall of 620 millimetres (24 in) was recorded in Islamabad on 23 July 2001. The record breaking rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in Pakistan during the past 100 years . The following is the Monsoon rainfall in Islamabad since 2006 based on the data from Pakistan Meteorological Department.
- In 2006, a total of 962 millimetres (37.9 in) rain was recorded.
- In 2007, a total of 1,117 millimetres (44.0 in) rain was recorded.
- In 2008, a total of 1,108 millimetres (43.6 in) rain was recorded.
- In 2009, a total of 354 millimetres (13.9 in) was recorded.
- In 2010, a total of 1,171 millimetres (46.1 in) was recorded.
- In 2011, a total of 1,716.2 millimetres (67.57 in) was recorded.
- In 2012, a total of 988.9 millimetres (38.93 in) was recorded.
- In 2013, a total of 1,988 millimetres (78.3 in) was recorded.
Cloud burst of 23 July 2001
- Main article: 2001 Islamabad cloud burst
On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rainfall in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Continuous downpour in lasted for about 10 hours from 0600–1600 PST in Islamabad, caused the worst ever Flash Flood in the local stream called "Nulla Lai" and its tributaries, which swept away low-lying areas of the twin cities. The neighbour city, Rawalpindi also experienced 335 millimetres (13.2 in) of rain on the same day. According to the official figures, at least 10 people died, 800 houses were destroyed and 1069 houses were partially damaged in Islamabad.
Cloud burst of 28 July 2021
Main article: 2021 Islamabad floodingOn 28 July 2021, heavy rains started after the cloudburst in Islamabad, Pakistan, caused flood situation in many parts of the federal capital and killed two people. Several vehicles were swept away in the floods and water entered the basement of houses and plazas in Sector E-11, F-10 and D-12. 116 mm of rain was recorded at the personal weather station in E-11/4 Islamabad.
Pakistan Meteorological Departments in Islamabad
- National Seismic Monitoring and Tsunami Early Warning Center, Islamabad (Backup Station)
- Research & Development Islamabad
- Meteorological Forecasting Offices (mainly for Aviation purposes) Karachi, Lahore, Islamabad/Rawalpindi
- Remote sensing, Islamabad
- Drought, Environmental monitoring & early warning Center Islamabad
- Weather stations are located at Headquarters of PMD (Zero point), Saidpur Village, Golra Sharif, Bokra. However, the headquarters also control operations of the weather stations located in Rawalpindi; namely, Islamabad Airport (Chaklala), Shamasabad, and Qasim Airbase (Dhamial Camp)
Additional Season (Monsoon)
Environmentalists and climatologists are now classifying Islamabad's climate into five distinct seasons. The newly added season is the Monsoon, characterized by heavy rainfall and high humidity. During this time, temperatures are relatively lower compared to the peak summer months of May and June. This distinct change in climate is the reason experts have classified the Monsoon as a separate season, given its unique nature compared to the typical summer months.
| Season | Duration | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Summer | First week of May to end to June | Intense dry heat relatively low rainfall and temperature crossing 40°C. |
| Monsoon | First week July to mid of September | Heavy to extreme rainfall with moderate temperature of around 32-33°C but moderate to high heat index due to high humidity. |
| Autumn | Mid of September to end of October | Day temperature remains normal (not hot not cold) but night gets chilly and pleasant. |
| Winters | first week to November to end of February | Very chilly and cold especially during night and morning time in which the temperate gets below freezing point i.e. 4°C. Snowfall unusually occurs in Marglla hills but no snowfall in plan areas now. |
| Spring | First week to March to end of April | Pleasent warm and windy conditions. If rainfall than the weather gets cold otherwise very ideal. |
See also
- 2001 Islamabad cloud burst
- Climate of Pakistan
- Climate of Rawalpindi
- Developments in Islamabad
- List of extreme weather records in Pakistan
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