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{{Short description|Jain text in Sanskrit}} |
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{{Jainism}} |
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{{Jainism}} |
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'''Yogadṛṣṭisamuccaya''' ("Compendium of Yoga views") is a 228 verse Sanskrit work on ] by the ] ] philosopher ] yakini putra (] 8th century).<ref>]; Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga, 2003</ref> It is a particularly informative work of ] which analyzes the various philosophical views (''drishtis'') and practices of post-] Buddhists, Hindus and Jains on Yoga and draws on them to present a uniquely Jaina form of Yoga, with an eightfold division.<ref>Ramjee Singh; Contribution of Haribhadra to the Yoga-vidya, http://www.jainworld.com/jainbooks/ramjees/haribadra.htm</ref> |
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'''''Yogadṛṣṭisamuccaya''''' ("Compendium of Yoga views") is a 228-verse Sanskrit work on ] by the ] ] philosopher ] yakini putra ({{fl.}} 8th century CE).<ref>]; Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga, 2003</ref> It is a particularly informative work of ] which analyzes the various philosophical views (''drishtis'') and practices of post-] Buddhists, Hindus and Jains on Yoga and draws on them to present a uniquely Jaina form of Yoga, with an eightfold division.<ref>Ramjee Singh; Contribution of Haribhadra to the Yoga-vidya, http://www.jainworld.com/jainbooks/ramjees/haribadra.htm</ref> |
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While retaining his Jain identity, Haribhadra also promotes a form of ], ] and a respect for different religious traditions. He writes that though they have different names, the teachings of those who have achieved liberation (], ], ]) are grounded on a common truth.<ref>]; Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga, 2003, page 8</ref> For Haribhadra: |
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While retaining his Jain identity, Acharya Haribhadra also promotes a form of ], ] and a respect for different religious traditions. He writes that though they have different names, the teachings of those who have achieved liberation (], ], ]) are grounded on a common truth.<ref>]; Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga, 2003, page 8</ref> For Haribhadra: |
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"''Perhaps the teaching is one, but there are various people who hear it.'' |
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"''Perhaps the teaching is one, but there are various people who hear it.'' |
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He also writes that "There could never be a single road to different cities". (YDS 114) |
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He also writes that "There could never be a single road to different cities". (YDS 114) |
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Haribhadra uses the ] to develop his system of ] and Yoga. He compares Patanjali's system of eightfold yoga with three other systems, a Buddhist Yoga attributed to a certain Bhadanta Bhåskara, Vedanta Yoga system attributed to Bhagavaddatta, and Haribhadra's own Jain Yoga system.<ref>Chapple, Christopher; Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga, 2003, page 21</ref> The eightfold Yoga system promoted by Haribhadra has the following eight yogas: |
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Haribhadra uses the ] to develop his system of ] and Yoga. He compares Patanjali's system of eightfold yoga with three other systems, a Buddhist Yoga attributed to a certain Bhadanta Bhāskara, Vedanta Yoga system attributed to Bandhu Bhagavaddatta, and Haribhadra's own Jain Yoga system.<ref>Chapple, Christopher; Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga, 2003, page 21</ref> The eightfold Yoga system promoted by Haribhadra has the following eight yogas: |
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*Friendly (Mitrå) – Respect for and emulation of the wise – ] |
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*Friendly (Mitrā) – Respect for and emulation of the wise – ] |
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*Protector (Tårå) – Performing service – ] |
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*Protector (Tārā) – Performing service – ] |
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*Power (Balå) – Control of posture and passions or ] |
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*Power (Balā) – Control of posture and passions or ] |
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*Shining (DŸprå) – Control of breath – ] |
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*Shining (Dīprā) – Control of breath – ] |
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*Firm (Sthirå) – Inwardness – ] |
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*Firm (Sthirā) – Inwardness – ] |
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*Pleasing (Kåntå) – Concentration – ] |
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*Pleasing (Kāntā) – Concentration – ] |
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*Radiant (Prabhå) – Meditative absorption – ] |
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*Radiant (Prabhā) – Meditative absorption – ] |
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*Highest (Parå) – ], ''Ayoga kevala'', "Highest ]"<ref>Chapple, Christopher; Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga, 2003, page 23</ref> |
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*Highest (Parā) – ], ''ayoga kevala'', "highest ]"<ref>Chapple, Christopher; Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga, 2003, page 23</ref> |
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Haribhadra compares and correlates these eight facets of his Jain yoga with the three other systems. He also attempts to map them into the older Jain system of stages of spiritual growth and development – the ].<ref>Ramjee Singh; Contribution of Haribhadra to the Yoga-vidya</ref> The first yoga for example, is seen as encompassing the fourth through the seventh gunasthana. |
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Haribhadra compares and correlates these eight facets of his Jain yoga with the three other systems. He also attempts to map them into the older Jain system of stages of spiritual growth and development – the ].<ref>Ramjee Singh; Contribution of Haribhadra to the Yoga-vidya</ref> The first yoga for example, is seen as encompassing the fourth through the seventh gunasthana. |
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While Haribhadra is liberal with his overview of various Yoga traditions, he remains committed to the ] and criticizes other Yoga systems for not being complete or for being false. He equally critiques Buddhist theories of momentariness and Hindu monism. He also engages against particular Yoga practices he considers misguided, such as ] and elaborate sacrifices, which he argues offer little spiritual advancement.<ref>Chapple, Christopher; ''Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga'', 2003, page 18</ref> |
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While Acharya Haribhadra is liberal with his overview of various Yoga traditions, he remains committed to the ] and criticizes other Yoga systems for not being complete or for being false. He equally critiques Buddhist theories of momentariness and Hindu monism. He also engages against particular Yoga practices he considers misguided, such as ] and elaborate sacrifices, which he argues offer little spiritual advancement.<ref>Chapple, Christopher; ''Reconciling Yogas: Haribhadra's Collection of Views on Yoga'', 2003, page 18</ref> |
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==See also== |
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==See also== |
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==Bibliography== |
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*Haribhadra. ''Yogadṛṣṭisamuccaya'', ed. and trans. K. K. Dixit, Ahmedabad, 1970. |
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==Notes== |
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==Notes== |
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{{Reflist|20em}} |
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{{Reflist|20em}} |
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==External links== |
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* by Riddhi J. Shah (2014) |
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{{Jain Agamas}} |
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{{Jain Agamas}} |
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He also writes that "There could never be a single road to different cities". (YDS 114)
Haribhadra compares and correlates these eight facets of his Jain yoga with the three other systems. He also attempts to map them into the older Jain system of stages of spiritual growth and development – the gunasthana. The first yoga for example, is seen as encompassing the fourth through the seventh gunasthana.
While Acharya Haribhadra is liberal with his overview of various Yoga traditions, he remains committed to the Jain philosophy and criticizes other Yoga systems for not being complete or for being false. He equally critiques Buddhist theories of momentariness and Hindu monism. He also engages against particular Yoga practices he considers misguided, such as Tantra and elaborate sacrifices, which he argues offer little spiritual advancement.
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