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{{short description|English conductor}}
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'''Sir John Michael Pritchard''', ] (5 February 1918{{spaced ndash}}5 December 1989), born Stanley Frederick Pritchard, was an English conductor. He was known for his interpretations of ] operas and for his support of contemporary music. '''Sir John Michael Pritchard''', {{Post-nominals|country=GBR|CBE|sep=,|size=100%}} (born Stanley Frederick Pritchard, 5 February 1921 – 5 December 1989) was an English conductor. He was known for his interpretations of ] operas and for his support of ].


==Life and career== ==Life and career==
Pritchard was born in ], ], to a musical family. His father, Albert Edward Pritchard, was a violinist with the ]. The young Pritchard was educated at the ] and studied violin, piano, and conducting in Italy.<ref name=DNB>Ponsonby, Robert, ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, 2004, accessed 4 November 2007</ref> Pritchard was born in ], ], to a musical family. His father, Albert Edward Pritchard, was a violinist with the ]. The young Pritchard was educated at the ] and studied violin, piano, and conducting in Italy.<ref name=DNB>{{cite ODNB|last=Ponsonby|first=Robert|id=39914|title=Pritchard, Sir John Michael (1918–1989)}}</ref>


Pritchard, as a ], refused to serve in the ], but was in any case unfit on medical grounds. In 1943 he took over the semi-professional ] String Orchestra and was its principal conductor until 1951. He joined the music staff of ] in 1947 and was appointed chorus master in 1949. He remained associated with Glyndebourne for most of his career, as conductor, music counsellor (from 1963), principal conductor (1968) and musical director (1969–78).<ref name=DNB/><ref name=Grove/> Pritchard, as a ], refused to serve in the ], but was in any case unfit on medical grounds. In 1943 he took over the semi-professional ] String Orchestra and was its principal conductor until 1951. He joined the music staff of ] in 1947 and was appointed chorus master in 1949. He remained associated with Glyndebourne for most of his career, as conductor, music counsellor (from 1963), principal conductor (1968) and musical director (1969–1978).<ref name=DNB/><ref name=Grove/>


Beyond Glyndebourne, Pritchard appeared with the ], at ] in 1952 (deputising for ], who was ill). He made his début at the ] in 1951 and at the ] in 1952. He appeared regularly with the ] (1953–55).<ref name=DNB/><ref name=Grove>Goodwin, Noel. , Grove Music Online, accessed 4 November 2007 {{subscription}}</ref> Beyond Glyndebourne, Pritchard appeared with the ], at ] in 1952 (deputising for ], who was ill). He made his début at the ] in 1951 and at the ] in 1952. He appeared regularly with the ] (1953–1955).<ref name=DNB/><ref name=Grove>]. , Grove Music Online, accessed 4 November 2007 {{subscription required}} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080516041031/http://www.grovemusic.com/ |date=16 May 2008 }}</ref>


For Glyndebourne in this period he conducted ]'s '']'' and ]'s '']'' at the Edinburgh festivals of 1953 and 1954 and ]'s '']'' at the ] Festival, a performance described by the ] as 'a triumph'.<ref name="DNB"/> For Glyndebourne in this period, Pritchard conducted ]'s '']'' and ]'s '']'' at the Edinburgh festivals of 1953 and 1954 and ]'s '']'' at the ] Festival.<ref name="DNB"/>


In 1957, Pritchard was appointed principal conductor of the ] where he launched the Musica Viva series showcasing contemporary music. His success in Liverpool led to his appointment as musical director of the ] (1962–66). Freelancing after leaving the LPO, he conducted concerts in Berlin, ], ], ] and the Far East, and opera in ], Chicago, San Francisco, New York, ], ], and ]. In 1973 he conducted the London Philharmonic in China—the first visit by a Western orchestra.<ref name="DNB"/> In 1957, Pritchard was appointed principal conductor of the ], where he launched the Musica Viva series showcasing contemporary music. His success in Liverpool led to his appointment as principal conductor of the ] (1962–1966). Freelancing after leaving the LPO, he conducted concerts in Berlin, ], ], ] and the Far East, and opera in ], Chicago, San Francisco, New York, ], ], and ]. In 1973, he conducted the LPO in China, the first visit to China by a British orchestra.<ref name="DNB"/>


His later permanent posts were chief conductor of the ], (1982–89) and musical director of the ] Opera (1978), ], Brussels (1981), and the ] (1986). At the time of his death he was preparing ] ] for San Francisco.<ref name="DNB"/> Pritchard became chief guest conductor of the ] in 1978,<ref>Kenyon, Nicholas, ''The BBC Symphony Orchestra: The first fifty years, 1930-1980''. British Broadcasting Corporation (ISBN 0 563 17617 2), p. 441 (1981).</ref> and subsequently served as its chief conductor from 1982 to 1989, the first BBC SO chief guest conductor to become its chief conductor. In this capacity, he conducted his first and only Last Night of the Proms in 1989, the year of his death. He served as ''Generalmusikdirektor'' of the ] Opera (1978–1989) and music director of ] (1981). He was the first titled music director of the ], from 1986 until his death in 1989. At the time of his death, he was preparing ] ] for San Francisco.<ref name="DNB"/>


Pritchard was appointed a Commander of the ] (CBE) in 1962 and ]ed in 1983. The prestigious ] (Hamburg) was awarded him in 1975.<ref name="DNB"/> Pritchard was appointed a Commander of the ] (CBE) in 1962 and ]ed in 1983. The prestigious ] was awarded him in 1975 by the ]-based ].<ref name="DNB"/>


He died in 1989 in ], US. His homosexuality was described as "unabashed"; he left a large part of his estate to his partner, Terry MacInnes.<ref name="DNB"/> Pritchard died in 1989 in ], with lung cancer as the reported cause of death.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/06/obituaries/sir-john-pritchard-music-director-is-dead-at-68.html | title=Sir John Pritchard, Music Director, Is Dead at 68 | work=The New York Times | author=John Rockwell | date=1989-12-06 | access-date=2021-04-08}}</ref> His partner, Terrence MacInnes, survived him.<ref name="DNB"/>


==Repertoire== ==Repertoire==
John Pritchard was a champion of a wide range of new music, conducting the premieres of ]'s '']'' and ]'s '']'' and ''],'' all at Covent Garden, and the British première of ]'s '']'' at Glyndebourne. Of the classics of the repertoire he was noted for his Mozart and ]. His recordings include ''Idomeneo'', '']'', '']'', ''],'' '']'', '']'' (with ]), '']'' (with ] and ]), '']'' and '']'' (the last two with ]).<ref name="Grove"/> Pritchard was a champion of a wide range of new music, conducting the premieres of ]'s '']'' and ]'s '']'' and ''],'' all at Covent Garden, and the British première of ]'s '']'' at Glyndebourne. Of the classics of the repertoire he was noted for his Mozart and ]. His recordings include ''Idomeneo'', '']'', '']'', ''],'' '']'', '']'' (with ]), '']'' (with ] and ]), '']'' and '']'' (the last two with ]).<ref name="Grove"/>


== Recordings == == Discography ==


;] ;]


*''Lucia di Lammermoor'' – ] (Lucia), André Turp (Edgardo), John Shaw (Enrico), Joseph Rouleau (Raimondo), Kenneth MacDonald (Arturo), ] (Alisa), Edgar Evans (Normanno), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, John Pritchard, recorded 1961 – Celestial Audio CA 345 *''Lucia di Lammermoor'' – ] (Lucia), André Turp (Edgardo), John Shaw (Enrico), Joseph Rouleau (Raimondo), Kenneth MacDonald (Arturo), ] (Alisa), Edgar Evans (Normanno), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, John Pritchard, recorded 1961 – Celestial Audio CA 345

;]

*''Hänsel und Gretel'' - ] (Hänsel), ] (Gretel), ] (Little Sandman), ] (Dew Fairy), ] (Witch), ] (Father), ] (Mother), Children's Chorus of the Cologne Opera, Gürzenich Orchestra, John Pritchard, recorded 1978 - Sony M2K 79217; for details, see ]


;] ;]
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*''Idomeneo'' – ] (Idomeneo), Leopold Simoneau (Idamante), Sena Jurinac (Ilia), Lucille Udovick (Elettra), Chorus & Orchestra of the Glyndebourne Festival, John Pritchard, recorded 1956 *''Idomeneo'' – ] (Idomeneo), Leopold Simoneau (Idamante), Sena Jurinac (Ilia), Lucille Udovick (Elettra), Chorus & Orchestra of the Glyndebourne Festival, John Pritchard, recorded 1956


==Notes== == Videography ==
* '']'' (1983), Deutsche Grammophon DVD, 00440-073-4538
⚫ {{reflist}}


==References== ==References==
⚫ {{reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{cite book | last=Conway | first=Helen | title=Sir John Pritchard: His Life in Music | location=London | publisher=Andre Deutsch Ltd | year=1994 | isbn=0-233-98845-9}} *{{cite book | last=Conway | first=Helen | title=Sir John Pritchard: His Life in Music | location=London | publisher=Andre Deutsch Ltd | year=1994 | isbn=0-233-98845-9}}


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Latest revision as of 04:16, 26 December 2024

English conductor

Sir John Michael Pritchard, CBE (born Stanley Frederick Pritchard, 5 February 1921 – 5 December 1989) was an English conductor. He was known for his interpretations of Mozart operas and for his support of contemporary music.

Life and career

Pritchard was born in Walthamstow, Essex, to a musical family. His father, Albert Edward Pritchard, was a violinist with the London Symphony Orchestra. The young Pritchard was educated at the Monoux School and studied violin, piano, and conducting in Italy.

Pritchard, as a conscientious objector, refused to serve in the Second World War, but was in any case unfit on medical grounds. In 1943 he took over the semi-professional Derby String Orchestra and was its principal conductor until 1951. He joined the music staff of Glyndebourne Festival Opera in 1947 and was appointed chorus master in 1949. He remained associated with Glyndebourne for most of his career, as conductor, music counsellor (from 1963), principal conductor (1968) and musical director (1969–1978).

Beyond Glyndebourne, Pritchard appeared with the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, at Edinburgh in 1952 (deputising for Ernest Ansermet, who was ill). He made his début at the Royal Opera House in 1951 and at the Vienna State Opera in 1952. He appeared regularly with the Vienna Symphony (1953–1955).

For Glyndebourne in this period, Pritchard conducted Mozart's Idomeneo and Richard Strauss's Ariadne auf Naxos at the Edinburgh festivals of 1953 and 1954 and Rossini's La Cenerentola at the Berlin Festival.

In 1957, Pritchard was appointed principal conductor of the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic, where he launched the Musica Viva series showcasing contemporary music. His success in Liverpool led to his appointment as principal conductor of the London Philharmonic Orchestra (1962–1966). Freelancing after leaving the LPO, he conducted concerts in Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden, Philadelphia and the Far East, and opera in Buenos Aires, Chicago, San Francisco, New York, Salzburg, Florence, and Munich. In 1973, he conducted the LPO in China, the first visit to China by a British orchestra.

Pritchard became chief guest conductor of the BBC Symphony Orchestra in 1978, and subsequently served as its chief conductor from 1982 to 1989, the first BBC SO chief guest conductor to become its chief conductor. In this capacity, he conducted his first and only Last Night of the Proms in 1989, the year of his death. He served as Generalmusikdirektor of the Cologne Opera (1978–1989) and music director of La Monnaie (1981). He was the first titled music director of the San Francisco Opera, from 1986 until his death in 1989. At the time of his death, he was preparing Wagner's Ring cycle for San Francisco.

Pritchard was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1962 and knighted in 1983. The prestigious Shakespeare Prize was awarded him in 1975 by the Hamburg-based Alfred Toepfer Foundation.

Pritchard died in 1989 in Daly City, California, with lung cancer as the reported cause of death. His partner, Terrence MacInnes, survived him.

Repertoire

Pritchard was a champion of a wide range of new music, conducting the premieres of Britten's Gloriana and Tippett's The Midsummer Marriage and King Priam, all at Covent Garden, and the British première of Henze's Elegy for Young Lovers at Glyndebourne. Of the classics of the repertoire he was noted for his Mozart and Richard Strauss. His recordings include Idomeneo, L'incoronazione di Poppea, Falstaff, Macbeth, Hansel and Gretel, L'elisir d'amore (with Plácido Domingo), Il segreto di Susanna (with Renata Scotto and Renato Bruson), Lucia di Lammermoor and La traviata (the last two with Joan Sutherland).

Discography

Donizetti
  • Lucia di Lammermoor – Joan Sutherland (Lucia), André Turp (Edgardo), John Shaw (Enrico), Joseph Rouleau (Raimondo), Kenneth MacDonald (Arturo), Margreta Elkins (Alisa), Edgar Evans (Normanno), Chorus & Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, John Pritchard, recorded 1961 – Celestial Audio CA 345
Humperdinck
Mozart
  • Idomeneo – Richard Lewis (Idomeneo), Leopold Simoneau (Idamante), Sena Jurinac (Ilia), Lucille Udovick (Elettra), Chorus & Orchestra of the Glyndebourne Festival, John Pritchard, recorded 1956

Videography

References

  1. ^ Ponsonby, Robert. "Pritchard, Sir John Michael (1918–1989)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/39914. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ^ Goodwin, Noël. "John Pritchard", Grove Music Online, accessed 4 November 2007 (subscription required) Archived 16 May 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  3. Kenyon, Nicholas, The BBC Symphony Orchestra: The first fifty years, 1930-1980. British Broadcasting Corporation (ISBN 0 563 17617 2), p. 441 (1981).
  4. John Rockwell (6 December 1989). "Sir John Pritchard, Music Director, Is Dead at 68". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 April 2021.

Sources

  • Conway, Helen (1994). Sir John Pritchard: His Life in Music. London: Andre Deutsch Ltd. ISBN 0-233-98845-9.

External links

Cultural offices
Preceded byVittorio Gui Music Director, Glyndebourne Opera Festival
1964–1977 		Succeeded byBernard Haitink
Preceded byIstván Kertész Generalmusikdirektor, Oper Köln
1978–1989 		Succeeded byJames Conlon
Preceded by(no titled predecessor) Music Director, San Francisco Opera
1986–1989 		Succeeded byDonald Runnicles
Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Principal Conductors
London Philharmonic Orchestra Principal Conductors
BBC Symphony Orchestra Chief Conductors
Categories: