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{{Short description|Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich}}
{{Redirect|ETH}}
{{Redirect|ETH||Eth (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox university {{Infobox university
| name = ETH Zurich | name = ETH Zurich – Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
| native_name = Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich | native_name = Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich
| native_name_lang = de | native_name_lang = de
| other_name = Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, {{lang-de|Polytechnikum}} (colloquially) | other_names = (Swiss) Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, {{langx|de|link=no|Polytechnikum}} (colloquially)
| former_name = eidgenössische polytechnische Schule<ref name=hist45-55/> | former_name = Eidgenössische polytechnische Schule<ref name=hist45-55/>
| image_name = ETH Zürich Logo black.svg | logo = ETH Zürich Logo black.svg
| image = ETH Zürich im Abendlicht.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| caption = ETH Zurich at twilight
| established = 1855
| established = {{start date and age|1855|df=yes}}
| type = ]
| type = ]
| budget = ] 1.885 billion (2017)
| budget = ] 1.896 billion (2021)
| rector = ]
| rector = ]
| president = ]
| president = ]
| academic_staff = 6,455 (full-time equivalents 2017, 29.5% female, 70.2% foreign nationals)<ref name=AR2017>{{cite web |url=https://www.ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/information-material/annual-report.html |title=Annual Report 2017 |publisher=ETH Zurich |location=Zurich, Switzerland |date=May 2018 |accessdate=2018-06-20}}</ref>
| academic_staff = 6,612 (including doctoral students, excluding 527 professors of all ranks, 34% female, 65% foreign nationals) (full-time equivalents 2021)<ref name=F2021>{{cite web |url=https://ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/portrait/eth-zurich-in-figures.html |title=ETH in figures. |publisher=ETH Zurich |location=Zurich, Switzerland |date=March 2021 |access-date=3 April 2022}}</ref>
| administrative_staff = 2,658 (full-time equivalents 2017, 42.5% female, 24.4% foreign nationals)<ref name=AR2017/>
| students = 20,607 (headcount 2017, 31.8% female, 38.7% foreign nationals)<ref name=AR2017/> | administrative_staff = 3,106 (40% female, 19% foreign nationals, full-time equivalents 2021)<ref name=F2021/><ref name=AR2021/>
| students = 24,534 (headcount 2021, 33.3% female, 37% foreign nationals)<ref name=F2021/>
| undergrad = 9,262<ref name=AR2017/>
| undergrad = 10,642<ref name=AR2021>{{cite web |url=https://ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/main/eth-zurich/Informationsmaterial/GB-21/PDF-Downloads/pdf-en/ETH_gb21-EN.pdf |title=Annual Report 2021|publisher=ETH Zurich |location=Zurich, Switzerland |date=March 2021 |access-date=9 June 2022}}</ref>
| postgrad = 6,158<ref name=AR2017/>
| doctoral = 4,092<ref name=AR2017/> | postgrad = 8,299<ref name=AR2021/>
| other = 1,095<ref name=AR2017/> | doctoral = 4,460<ref name=AR2021/>
| other = 1,133<ref name=AR2021/>
| address = Rämistrasse 101<br/>CH-8092 ]<br/>Switzerland
| address = Rämistrasse 101<br />CH-8092 ]<br />Switzerland
| city = Zurich
| city = Zurich
| coor = {{Coord|47|22|35|N|8|32|53|E|region:CH-ZH_type:edu|display=inline,title}}
| coor = {{Coord|47|22|35|N|8|32|53|E|region:CH-ZH_type:edu|display=inline,title}}
| campus = ]
| campus = Urban
| language = German, English (Masters and upwards, sometimes Bachelor)
| language = German, English (Masters and upwards, sometimes Bachelor)
| affiliations = ], ], GlobalTech, ], ]
| affiliations = ], ENHANCE Alliance,<ref name=ENHANCE>{{cite web |url=https://ethz.ch/en/news-and-events/eth-news/news/2022/11/eth-zurich-joins-alliance-of-european-universities.html |title=ETH Zurich joins alliance of European universities|publisher=ETH Zurich |location=Zurich, Switzerland |date=25 November 2023 |access-date=14 August 2024}}</ref> ], ], ], ]<ref name=LERU>{{cite web |url=https://ethz.ch/en/news-and-events/eth-news/news/2023/11/eth-zurich-boosts-networking-with-europes-top-universities.html |title=ETH Zurich boosts networking with Europe’s top universities|publisher=ETH Zurich |location=Zurich, Switzerland |date=17 November 2023 |access-date=14 August 2024}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|1=https://www.ethz.ch/en.html|2=www.ethz.ch}}
| website =
| colors = Blue and White<ref>{{cite web|title=Colour|url=https://www.ethz.ch/services/en/service/communication/corporate-design/colour.html|accessdate=2019-03-02}}</ref><br />{{color box|#1F407A}}&nbsp;{{color box|white}}
| colors = Black and White <br/> {{color box|#000000}} {{color box|#FFFFFF}}<ref>{{cite web |title=ETH identity |url=https://www.ethz.ch/services/en/service/communication/corporate-design.html |access-date=7 September 2021}}</ref>
}} }}

'''ETH Zurich''' ({{langx|de|Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich}}; {{langx|en|Federal Institute of Technology Zurich}}) is a ] ] in ], ]. Founded in 1854 with the stated mission to educate engineers and scientists, the university focuses primarily on ].

Like its sister institution ], ETH Zurich is part of the ], a consortium of universities and research institutes under the Swiss ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.eth-rat.ch/en/eth-board/governance-eth-domain |title=ETH Board – Governance ETH Domain |publisher=ETH-Rat |access-date=1 November 2013 |archive-date=2 November 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102232608/http://www.eth-rat.ch/en/eth-board/governance-eth-domain }}</ref> {{As of|2023}}, ETH Zurich enrolled 25,380 students from over 120 countries, of which 4,425 were pursuing doctoral degrees.<ref name="Facts and figures - Students">{{cite web|url=https://ethz.ch/staffnet/en/finance-and-controlling/facts-and-figures/students.html |publisher=ETH Zurich |title=Students }}</ref>

Students, faculty, and researchers affiliated with ETH Zurich include 22 ], two ]ists, three ], and one ], including ] and ].<ref>{{YouTube|ZaD6SwxxkTs|How much Einstein is there in ETH Zurich?}}</ref> It is a founding member of the ] and the ] (IARU), and a member of the ] and ] (LERU) networks and the ENHANCE Alliance.

{{Location map | Switzerland {{Location map | Switzerland
| caption = Location: ETH Zurich, Switzerland | caption = Location: ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Line 44: Line 54:
}} }}


==History==
'''ETH Zurich''' ('''Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich'''; {{lang-de|Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich}}; ]: École polytechnique fédérale de Zurich) is a ] ] in the city of ], ]. Like its sister institution ], it is an integral part of the ] that is directly subordinate to Switzerland's ].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eth-rat.ch/en/eth-board/governance-eth-domain |title=ETH Board - Governance ETH Domain |publisher=eth-rat.ch |date= |accessdate=2013-11-01}}</ref> The school was founded by the ] in 1854 with the stated mission to educate engineers and scientists, serve as a national center of excellence in science and technology and provide a hub for interaction between the ] and industry.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/texte/1854Bundesblatt.pdf |format=PDF |title=Bericht über den Entwurf zu einem Reglemente für die Eidgenössische polytechnische Schule |journal=] |volume=6 |date=21 June 1854 |issue= 39, Bd. 3 |pages= 163–182 |publisher=] |location=Berne, Switzerland |via=ethistory.ethz.ch}}</ref>
ETH Zurich was founded on 7 February 1854 by the Swiss Confederation and began giving its first lectures on 16 October 1855 as a polytechnic institute (''eidgenössische polytechnische Schule'') at various sites throughout the city of Zurich.<ref name="hist45-55">{{cite web |title=1848–1855: The polytechnical realisation of a long-held dream |url=https://www.ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/portrait/history/epochs/1848-1855.html |publisher=ETH Zurich |access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref> It was initially composed of six faculties: architecture, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, ], ], and an integrated department for the fields of mathematics, natural sciences, literature, and social and ]s.


It is locally still known as ''Polytechnikum'', or simply as ''Poly'', derived from the original name ''eidgenössische polytechnische Schule'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/ |title=ETHistory 1855–2005 |publisher=ETH Zurich |date=2005 |website=ETHistory |access-date=19 July 2015}}</ref> which translates to "'''federal polytechnic school'''".<ref>{{Cite web |title=1855-1904: Striking a balance between university, factory and laboratory |url=https://ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/portrait/history/epochs/1855-1904.html |access-date=2024-12-19 |website=ETH Zurich |language=en}}</ref>
In the 2020 edition of the ] ETH Zurich has been ranked 6th in the world (2nd in Europe after the ]),<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2020|title=QS World University Rankings 2020|date=2019-05-22|work=Top Universities|access-date=2019-05-22|language=en}}</ref> which represents a one place improvement compared to the 2019 edition,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2019|title=QS World University Rankings 2019|date=2018-05-29|work=Top Universities|access-date=2018-06-22|language=en}}</ref> and is also ranked 10th in the world by the ] 2018 (4th in Europe after ] and ]).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2018/world-ranking#!/page/0/length/25/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats|title=World University Rankings|date=2017-08-18|work=Times Higher Education (THE)|access-date=2018-06-22|language=en}}</ref> In the 2019 ] by subject it is ranked 3rd in the world for engineering and technology (1st in Europe), and 1st for Earth & Marine Science.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2019/engineering-technology|title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 2019 - Engineering & Technology|website=Top Universities|publisher=QS Quacquarelli Symonds|accessdate=2019-03-02}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2019/earth-marine-sciences|title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 2019 - Earth & Marine Sciences|website=Top Universities|publisher=QS Quacquarelli Symonds|accessdate=2019-03-02}}</ref>


ETH Zurich is a ''federal'' institute (i.e., under direct administration by the Swiss government), whereas the ] is a '']'' institution. The decision for a new federal university was heavily disputed at the time; the liberals pressed for a "federal university", while the conservative forces wanted all universities to remain under cantonal control, worried that the liberals would gain more political power than they already had.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/besichtigungen/epochen/debatte1/index_EN |title=1848–1855: Polytechnical realization of an old dream |publisher=ETH Zurich |date=31 March 2005 |website=ETHistory |access-date=5 February 2018}}</ref> In the beginning, both universities were co-located in the buildings of the University of Zurich.
As of August 2018, ], ], and ] have been affiliated with the Institute, including ].


From 1905 to 1908, under the presidency of ], the course program of ETH Zurich was restructured to that of a real university and ETH Zurich was granted the right to award doctorates. In 1909, the first doctorates were awarded. In 1911, it was given its current name, ''Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule''. In 1924, another reorganization structured the university in 12 departments. However, it now has 16 departments.
It is a founding member of the ] and the ] and a member of the ] network.


ETH Zurich, the EPFL, and four associated research institutes form the "''ETH Domain''" with the aim of collaborating on scientific projects.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethrat.ch/en/eth-domain/overview |title=ETH Domain |publisher=ETH Board |location=Zurich and Berne, Switzerland |access-date=23 February 2015}}</ref>
==History==
]
]
ETH was founded on 7 February 1854 by the Swiss Confederation and began giving its first lectures on 16 October 1855 as a polytechnic institute (''eidgenössische polytechnische Schule'') at various sites throughout the city of Zurich.<ref name=hist45-55>{{cite web |title=1848–1855: The polytechnical realisation of a long-held dream |url=https://www.ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/portrait/history/epochs/1848-1855.html |publisher=ETH Zürich |accessdate=2018-02-05}}</ref> It was initially composed of six faculties: ], ], ], ], ], and an integrated department for the fields of ], natural sciences, literature, and social and ]s.


==Rankings==
It is locally still known as ''Polytechnikum'', or simply as ''Poly'', derived from the original name ''eidgenössische polytechnische Schule'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/ |title=ETHistory 1855-2005 |publisher=ETH Zurich |date=2005 |website=ETHistory |accessdate=19 July 2015}}</ref> which translates to "'''federal polytechnic school'''".
{{Infobox university rankings
| ARWU_W = 20 | ARWU_W_year = 2023 | ARWU_W_ref = <ref name="ARWU"/>
| THE_W = 11 | THE_W_year = 2024 | THE_W_ref = <ref name="THE"/>
| QS_W = 7 | QS_W_year = 2025 | QS_W_ref = <ref name="QS"/>
|QS_Europe=1|QS_Europe_ref=<ref name="QS"/>|QS_Europe_year=2025
|THE_Europe=4|THE_Europe_ref=<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/best-universities/best-universities-europe |title=Best universities in Europe 2023 |website=timeshighereducation.com |access-date=2023-08-20}}</ref>|THE_Europe_year=2023}}


Historically, ETH Zurich has achieved its reputation particularly in the fields of ], mathematics and ]. There are 32 Nobel laureates who are associated with ETH Zurich, the most recent of whom is ], awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 2010. ] is perhaps its most famous alumnus.<ref>{{cite web |title=ALBERT EINSTEIN (1879–1955) |url=http://www.zuerich.com/en/Visitor/Information/facts/famous-zurich-residents/albert-einstein.html |website=Zuerich.com}}</ref>
ETH is a ''federal'' institute (i.e., under direct administration by the Swiss government), whereas the ] is a '']'' institution. The decision for a new federal university was heavily disputed at the time; the liberals pressed for a "federal university", while the conservative forces wanted all universities to remain under cantonal control, worried that the liberals would gain more political power than they already had.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/besichtigungen/epochen/debatte1/index_EN |title=1848-1855: Polytechnical realization of an old dream |publisher=ETH Zurich |date=31 March 2005 |website=ETHistory |accessdate=2018-02-05}}</ref> In the beginning, both universities were co-located in the buildings of the University of Zurich.


=== Overall rankings ===
From 1905 to 1908, under the presidency of ], the course program of ETH was restructured to that of a real university and ETH was granted the right to award doctorates. In 1909 the first doctorates were awarded. In 1911, it was given its current name, ''Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule''. In 1924, another reorganization structured the university in 12 departments. However, it now has 16 departments.
ETH Zurich is ranked 7th worldwide (first in Switzerland) in the ] 2025,<ref name="QS">{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-ranking|title=QS World University Rankings 2025|access-date=8 June 2024|website=]}}</ref> 11th worldwide (first in Switzerland) in the ] 2024,<ref name="THE">{{cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2024/world-ranking|title=World University Rankings 2024|access-date=27 September 2023|website=]|date=27 September 2023 }}</ref> and 20th worldwide in the ] 2023.<ref name="ARWU">{{cite web|url=https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/arwu/2023|title=2023 Academic Ranking of World Universities|website=]|access-date=15 August 2023}}</ref> ETH Zurich ranked 1st in Europe in the 2025 QS Europe rankings.<ref name="QS_Europe">{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/europe-university-rankings|title=QS World University Rankings: Europe 2025|website=]|access-date=28 July 2024}}</ref> In the 2023 ] of academic institutions, ETH Zurich ranked 20th worldwide and first in Switzerland.<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 tables: Institutions – academic {{!}} Annual tables {{!}} Nature Index |url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/annual-tables/2023/institution/academic/all/global |access-date=2023-07-05 |website=]}}</ref>
]


=== Subject/Area rankings ===
ETH Zurich, the EPFL, and four associated research institutes form the "''ETH Domain''" with the aim of collaborating on scientific projects.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ethrat.ch/en/eth-domain/overview |title=ETH Domain |publisher=ETH Board |location=Zurich and Berne, Switzerland |date= |accessdate=2015-02-23}}</ref>
In the 2024 QS Word University Rankings by subject, ETH Zurich was ranked within the top 10 in the world in architecture, engineering and technology, and the natural sciences. It ranked first worldwide in the earth and marine sciences, geology, and geophysics.<ref name="QSSubject">{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/subject-rankings/2024|title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024|access-date=8 June 2024|website=]}}</ref> In the 2024 THE World University Rankings by subject, it was the top Swiss university in all ranked subjects.<ref name="THESubject">{{cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/by-subject|title=World University Rankings by subject|website=]}}</ref> In the 2023 ARWU Subject Ranking, the university was ranked within the top 10 worldwide in civil engineering, water resources, environmental engineering, automation, mathematics, earth sciences, and ecology.<ref name="ARWUSubject">{{cite web|url=https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/gras/2023|title=ShanghaiRanking's Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2023|website=]}}</ref>


==Campus==
==Reputation and ranking==
{{more citations needed|section|date=February 2018}}<!--only the last sentence has a citation-->
{{Infobox world university ranking
| ARWU_W = 19 | ARWU_W_ref = <ref></ref>
| QS_W = 7 | QS_W_ref = <ref></ref>
| THE_W = 10 | THE_W_ref = <ref></ref>
}}
ETH Zurich is ranked among the top universities in the world. Typically, popular ] place the institution as the best university in continental Europe and ETH Zurich is consistently ranked among the top 1-5 universities in Europe, and among the top 3-10 best universities of the world.


]
Historically, ETH Zurich has achieved its reputation particularly in the fields of ], ] and ]. There are ] who are associated with ETH. The most recent Nobel Laureate is ] who was awarded the ] in chemistry in 2010. Albert Einstein is perhaps its most famous alumnus.<ref>{{cite journal |title=ALBERT EINSTEIN (1879 – 1955) |url=http://www.zuerich.com/en/Visitor/Information/facts/famous-zurich-residents/albert-einstein.html|journal=Zuerich}}</ref>


ETH Zurich has two campuses, namely ''Zentrum'' and ''Hönggerberg''. The ''Zentrum'' campus grew around the main building, which was constructed 1858–1864 outside and right above the eastern border of the town, but which is nowadays located right in the heart of the city. As the town and university grew, ETH Zurich spread into the surrounding vineyards and later quarters. Because this geographic situation substantially hindered the expansion of ETH Zurich, a new campus was built from 1964 to 1976 on the ''Hönggerberg'', a northern hill in the outskirts of the city. The last major expansion project of this new campus was completed in 2003.
In 2018, the ] placed ETH Zurich at 7th overall in the world.<ref>{{cite web|title=QS World University Rankings |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2019 |website=Top Universities |publisher=QS Quacquarelli Symonds |accessdate=16 June 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> In 2015, ETH was ranked 5th in the world in Engineering, Science and Technology, just behind the ], ], ] and ]. In 2015, ETH also ranked 6th in the world in Natural Sciences, and in 2016 ranked 1st in the world for Earth & Marine Sciences for the second consecutive year.<ref>{{cite web|title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 2016 - Earth & Marine Sciences|url=http://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/university-subject-rankings/2016/earth-marine-sciences#sorting=rank+region=+country=+faculty=+stars=false+search=|website=Top Universities|publisher=QS Quacquarelli Symonds|accessdate=14 September 2016}}</ref>


===Zentrum campus===
In 2016, ]s ranked ETH Zurich 9th overall in the world and 8th in the world in the field of Engineering & Technology, just behind the ], ], ], ], ], ] and ].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings|title=ETH Zurich – Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich|work=Times Higher Education|accessdate=19 July 2015}}</ref>
The ''Zentrum'' campus consists of various buildings and institutions throughout the city of Zurich.


The ''Zentrum'' campus houses the:<ref>{{cite web |title=Zentrum campus |url=https://ethz.ch/en/campus/access/zentrum.html |website=ETH Zurich |access-date=10 April 2024}}</ref>
In a comparison of Swiss universities by and in rankings published by comparing the universities of German-speaking countries, ETH Zurich traditionally is ranked first in natural sciences, computer science and engineering sciences.
* Department of Mathematics (D-MATH)
* Department of Computer Science (D-INFK)
* Department of Humanities, Social and Political Sciences (D-GESS)
* Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (D-ITET)
* Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D-MAVT)
* Department of Environmental Systems Science (D-USYS)
* Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences (D-EAPS)
* Department of Management, Technology, and Economics (D-MTEC)
* Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST)


====Main building====
In the survey on the quality of Western European graduate school programmes in the fields biology, chemistry, physics and mathematics, ETH was assessed as one of the three institutions to have excellent graduate programmes in all considered fields, the other two being the ] and the ]. ETH Zurich had a total budget of 1.885 billion CHF<ref name=AR2017/> in the year 2017.


]
==Admission and education==
{{ETH Institutes}}
]
For Swiss students, ETH is not selective in its undergraduate admission procedures. Like every public university in Switzerland, ETH is obliged to grant admission to every Swiss resident who took the '']''.<ref>{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = Admission to the first semester with a Swiss matriculation certificate ("Matura") | work=ETH Zurich | url = https://www.ethz.ch/en/studies/registration-application/bachelor/swiss-matriculation.html | publisher = | date = | accessdate = 4 April 2014 }}</ref> Applicants from foreign countries are required to take either the ''reduced entrance exam'' or the ''comprehensive entrance exam'' although some applicants from several European countries are exempted from this rule. An applicant can be admitted to ETH even without any verifiable educational records by passing the ''comprehensive entrance exam''.<ref>{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = Admission to first semester without Swiss matriculation certificate |work= ETH Zurich | url = https://www.ethz.ch/en/studies/registration-application/bachelor/other-certificates.html | publisher = | date = | accessdate = 4 April 2014 }}</ref>


The main building of ETH Zurich was built from 1858 to 1864 under ]; the architect, however, was ], who was a professor of architecture at ETH Zurich at the time and one of the most important architectural writers and theorists of the age. Semper worked in a ] that was unique to him; and the namesake and architect of the ] in Dresden. It emphasized bold and clear massings with a detailing, such as the rusticated ground level and giant order above, that derived in part from the work of ] and ]. During the construction of the University of Zurich, the south wing of the building was allocated to the University until its own new main building was constructed (1912–1914). At about the same time, Semper's ETH Zurich building was enlarged and received its ].
As at all universities in Switzerland, the academic year is divided into two semesters. Examinations are often held during examination sessions which are immediately before the beginning of the next semester (only a few select courses offer an exam immediately after the semester ends). After the first year of study, bachelor students must pass a block examination of all courses taken in the first year, called the ''Basisprüfung''. If the weighted average score is not sufficient, a student is required to retake the entire ''Basisprüfung'' which usually means having to re-sit the whole first year. About 50% of the students fail the ''Basisprüfung'' on the first try and many of them choose to drop out of the course instead of repeating the ''Basisprüfung''.
The structure of examinations in higher academic years is similar to the ''Basisprüfung'' (Basis examination), but with a higher success rate.
The regular time to reach graduation is six semesters for the ] degree and three or four further semesters for the ] degree. The final semester is dedicated to writing a thesis.


The main building stands directly across the street from the ] and, right alongside the main building of the ].
Education at ETH Zurich generally focuses more on theoretical aspects than application and most degree programs contain a high amount of ]. The main language of instruction in undergraduate (Bachelor) studies is German and for admission a proof of sufficient knowledge of the German language is required for Bachelor students.<ref>{{Cite web | last = | first = | title = Language requirements | work=ETH Zurich | url = https://www.ethz.ch/en/studies/registration-application/bachelor/other-certificates/language-requirements.html | publisher = | date = | accessdate = 4 April 2014 }}</ref> Most Master's programmes and doctoral studies are in English.


===Hönggerberg campus===
==Campus==
{{more citations needed|section|date=February 2018}}<!--only the last sentence has a citation-->
]
ETH Zurich has two campuses. The main building was constructed 1858–1864 outside and right above the eastern border of the town, but nowadays it is located right in the heart of the city. As the town and university grew, the ETH spread into the surrounding vineyards and later quarters. As a result, the ''Zentrum'' campus consists of various buildings and institutions throughout Zürich and firmly integrates the ETH in the city. The main building stands directly across the street from the ] and the ].


]
Because this geographic situation substantially hindered the expansion of ETH, a new campus was built from 1964 to 1976 on the ''Hönggerberg'' on a northern hill in the outskirts of the city. The last major expansion project of this new campus was completed in 2003; since then, the ''Hönggerberg'' location houses the departments of ], ], ], ], ] and ].


The ''Hönggerberg'' campus is a more classical university campus,<ref>{{cite web |title=Campus Hönggerberg |url=https://www.livingscience.ch/campus-hoenggerberg-zurich/?L=1 |website=livingscience |access-date=10 April 2024}}</ref> consisting mainly of university buildings and student accommodation.
===Main building===

]
The ''Hönggerberg'' campus houses the:<ref>{{cite web |title=Hönggerberg campus |url=https://ethz.ch/en/campus/access/hoenggerberg.html |website=ETH Zurich |access-date=10 April 2024}}</ref>
]
* Department of Architecture (D-ARCH)
The main building of ETH was built from 1858 to 1864 under ]; the architect, however, was ], who was a professor of architecture at ETH at the time and one of the most important architectural writers and theorists of the age. Semper worked in a ] that was unique to him; and the namesake and architect of the ] in Dresden. It emphasized bold and clear massings with a detailing, such as the rusticated ground level and giant order above, that derived in part from the work of ] and ]. During the construction of the University of Zürich, the south wing of the building was allocated to the University until its own new main building was constructed (1912–1914). At about the same time, Semper's ETH building was enlarged and received its impressive ].
* Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering (D-BAUG)
* Department of Materials (D-MATL)
* Department of Biology (D-BIOL)
* Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences (D-CHAB)
* Department of Physics (D-PHYS)

There is also an ASVZ sports centre which is accessible to all students and faculty, and includes a gym, beach volleyball court, football field, and martial-art rooms.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Deutsche BauZeitschrift|url=https://www.dbz.de/artikel/dbz_Gruener_Kristall_am_Waldesrand_ETH_Sport_Center_Science_City_Hoenggerberg_949433.html|access-date=13 November 2020|website=www.dbz.de|language=de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Vereinigung der Schweizerischen Hochschuldozierenden, Bulletin|url=http://vsh-aeu.ch/download/177/12_vsh_bulletin_aug_2012_web.pdf#page=27}}</ref>

{{Panorama
|image = ETH-Hoenggerberg-2008.jpg
|height = 250px
|width =
|alt = ETH Zurich Hönggerberg campus
|caption = ETH Zurich Hönggerberg campus
|dir =
|align = center
}}


===Science City=== ====Science City====
In the year of ETH Zurich's 150th anniversary, an extensive project called "Science City" for the Hönggerberg Campus was started with the goal to transform the campus into an attractive district based on the principle of sustainability.
]


In 2005, the year of ETH Zurich's 150th anniversary, an extensive project called "Science City" for the Hönggerberg Campus was started with the goal to transform the campus into an attractive district based on the principle of sustainability.
In September 2014 a new project to connect Science City by train was published.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.adf-innovation.com/publikationen/by_rail_2014_S26-27.pdf |title=Tunnelbahnhof für "Science City" |website=www.adf-innovation.com |language=de}}</ref>


====ETH Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics==== ====ETH Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics====
Line 120: Line 147:
| date =September 2010 | date =September 2010
| url =http://www.ams.ethz.ch/ | url =http://www.ams.ethz.ch/
| access-date =5 September 2010}}</ref> The LIB is developing the next generation of AMS machines. It is also a laboratory available for users interested in applying the techniques of ion beam analysis.<ref name="LIBH">{{Cite web|url=http://www.phys.ethz.ch/phys/institute/lip/|title=Laboratory for Ion Physics|date=September 2010|publisher=ETH Zurich, Department of Physics|access-date=5 September 2010}}</ref>
| format =

| accessdate =2010-09-05}}</ref> The LIB is developing the next generation of AMS machines. It is also a laboratory available for users interested in applying the techniques of ion beam analysis.<ref name="LIBH">{{Cite web|url=http://www.phys.ethz.ch/phys/institute/lip/|title=Laboratory for Ion Physics|date=September 2010|work=|publisher=ETH Zurich, Department of Physics|format=|accessdate=2010-09-05}}</ref>
=== Commuting between the campuses ===

==== ETH Link ====
The ETH link is a free bus for students, affiliates and faculty linking the two campuses. During the school week, the bus runs 3 times an hour, and takes around 15 minutes. In 2020 a new, fully electric, eLink was introduced.<ref>{{Cite web|date=29 October 2020|title=Mercedes to deliver three eCitaro G to Switzerland|url=https://www.electrive.com/2020/10/29/mercedes-to-deliver-three-ecitaro-g-to-switzerland/|access-date=13 November 2020|website=electrive.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Dieser Gelenkbus muss aufladen|url=https://www.lokalinfo.ch/news/artikel/dieser-gelenkbus-muss-aufladen|access-date=13 November 2020|website=www.lokalinfo.ch|date=12 November 2020 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==== Bike share ====
Since 2018, an electric ] between the two campuses is also available, with yearly subscriptions subsidised by the university. There are rental stations on both campuses.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Website zeigt alle verfügbaren Leihvelos und E-Trottis an|language=de|work=Tages-Anzeiger|url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/zuerich/region/website-macht-was-scooteranbieter-nicht-bieten/story/14638994|access-date=13 November 2020|issn=1422-9994}}</ref>


==Student life== ==Student life==
]
ETH students were found to be the busiest students of all institutions of higher education in Switzerland.<ref> {{De icon}}{{Failed verification|date=December 2009}}</ref> The undergraduates' tight curriculum consists of as much as twice the number of lectures as comparable courses of other Swiss universities.{{citation needed|date=April 2011}}


=== Tuition and financial assistance ===
ETH has well over 100 student associations. Most notable is the ] (''Verband der Studierenden an der ETH'') which comprises all department associations. The associations regularly organize events with varying size and popularity. Events of the neighboring University of Zürich are well-attended by ETH students and vice versa. The VSETH organizes events of greater public attention, such as the ''Polyball'', the ''Polyparty'' (does not exist any more) and the ''Erstsemestrigenfest'', the first two housed in the main building of ETH. Sometimes, the annual ''Erstsemestrigenfest'' takes place at extraordinary locations, for example the ]. All freshmen enjoy special treatment at that event.
Being a public university, the heavily subsidized (by Swiss federal tax) tuition fees are CHF 730 per semester, regardless of the student's nationality.<ref name="tuition_fees">{{cite web |last1=Zurich |first1=ETH |title=ETH Zurich tuition fees |url=https://ethz.ch/en/studies/financial/tuition-fees.html |website=ethz.ch |publisher=ETH Zurich |access-date=9 November 2020}}</ref>
Both merit and need based scholarships are also available.
The Excellence Scholarship & Opportunity Programme (ESOP) is a merit scholarship program for master students with excellent grades in their undergraduate program.


=== Student associations ===
Some of the notable associations that are not affiliated with a specific department are the ETH Entrepreneur Club and ETH Model United Nations. Both organisations enjoy high international standings and are regularly awarded for excellence in their field.{{citation needed|date=February 2014}} ETH Juniors is another student run organisation. It forms a bridge between the industry and ETH and offers many services for students and companies alike.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ethjuniors.ch/en/about-us|title=ETH Juniors|publisher=|accessdate=29 August 2017}}</ref>
ETH Zurich has well over 100 ].<ref>. Retrieved 17 May 2023.</ref> Most notable is the VSETH (''Verband der Studierenden an der ETH'') which forms the umbrella organization of all field of study specific student associations and comprises a large variety of committees such as the Student Sustainability Committee and the ETH ]. The associations regularly organize events with varying size and popularity. Events of the neighboring University of Zurich are well-attended by ETH Zurich students and vice versa.


The largest career fair on campus is the ''Polymesse'' which is organized by students in the ''Forum und Contact'' committee of VSETH. Many student associations however organize career fairs specifically for the students in their departments with companies related to their field of study. The VSETH is also the official representation of the student body towards the school and has been working with ETH on various projects with the aim of improving the students' experience at ETH. The representation towards the various departments is handled by the respective student associations.
The '''Academic Sports Association of Zürich''' (ASVZ) offers more than 120 sports.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://portal.asvz.ethz.ch/english/Seiten/default.aspx | title=Academic Sports Association Zurich | accessdate=January 25, 2017}}</ref> The biggest annual sports event is the ''SOLA-Stafette'' (SOLA relay race) which consists of 14 sections over a total distance of 140 kilometers. More than 760 teams participated in the 2009 edition.<ref></ref> The 40th edition of the SOLA, held on May 4, 2013, had 900 enrolled teams, of which 893 started and 876 were classified.<ref></ref> In 2014 ASVZ celebrated their 75th anniversary.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://75jahreasvz.ch|title=ASVZ|accessdate=19 July 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801034944/http://75jahreasvz.ch/|archivedate=1 August 2015}}</ref>


The '']'', which is the biggest decorated ball in Europe, takes places annually in the main building of ETH and is organized by students and former students in the KOSTA foundation. It has been taking place since the 1880s.
==Traditions==
The annual ] is the most prestigious public event at ETH, with a long tradition since the 1880s. The end of November, the ''Polyball'' welcomes around 10,000 dancers, music-lovers and partygoers in the extensively decorated main building of ETH. The ''Polyball'' is the biggest decorated ball in Europe.


ETH Juniors is another student organization. It forms a bridge between industry and ETH Zurich and offers many services for students and companies alike as a student-led consulting group.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ethjuniors.ch/en/about-us|title=ETH Juniors|access-date=29 August 2017}}</ref>
The amicable rivalry between ETH and the neighbouring University of Zürich has been cultivated since 1951 (Uni-Poly). There has been an annual ] match between teams from the two institutions on the river ].


=== Sports ===
There are many regular symposia and conferences at ETH, most notably the annual ''Wolfgang Pauli Lectures'', in honor of former ETH Professor ]. Distinct lecturers, among them 24 ]s, have held lectures of the various fields of ]s at this conference since 1962.
The '''Academic Sports Association of Zurich''' (]) offers more than 120 sports.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://portal.asvz.ethz.ch/english/Seiten/default.aspx | title=Academic Sports Association Zurich | access-date=25 January 2017 | archive-date=2 February 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202093116/http://portal.asvz.ethz.ch/english/Seiten/default.aspx | url-status=dead }}</ref> The biggest annual sports event is the ''SOLA-Stafette'' (SOLA relay race) which consists of 14 sections over a total distance of 140 kilometers. More than 760 teams participated in the 2009 edition.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://portal.asvz.ethz.ch/news/Seiten/SOLA09.aspx |title=SOLA-Stafette 2009 |access-date=16 July 2009 |archive-date=22 May 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090522170009/http://portal.asvz.ethz.ch/news/Seiten/SOLA09.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> The 40th edition of the SOLA, held on 4 May 2013, had 900 enrolled teams, of which 893 started and 876 were classified.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://portal.sola.asvz.ethz.ch/news/Seiten/ErfolgreicheJubilaeumsstafette.aspx |title=SOLA – Erfolgreiche Jubiläumsstafette |access-date=25 May 2013 |archive-date=14 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614025338/http://portal.sola.asvz.ethz.ch/news/Seiten/ErfolgreicheJubilaeumsstafette.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2014 ASVZ celebrated their 75th anniversary.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://75jahreasvz.ch|title=ASVZ|access-date=19 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801034944/http://75jahreasvz.ch/|archive-date=1 August 2015}}</ref>


==Innovation==
==Notable alumni and faculty==
]
{{Main|List of ETH Zurich people}}
], 1921]]
], graduated in chemical engineering, ETH Zurich 1925.<ref name="NYT">{{cite web|author=Ed Regis|title=Johnny Jiggles the Planet|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE7D91239F93BA35752C1A964958260|work=]|date=1992-11-08|accessdate=2008-02-04}}</ref>]]
The names listed below are taken from the official record compiled by the ETH. It includes only graduates of the ETH and professors who have been awarded the ] for their achievements at ETH.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ethz.ch/about/bginfos/nobelprize|title=Die ETH Zürich|publisher=|accessdate=19 July 2015}}</ref>


===Nobel Prize in Physics=== ===Student Project House===
In 2017, ETH Zurich board approved the creation of a "Student Project House" to encourage student projects and foster innovation. A test consisting of a "makerspace" and co-working space was established on the Hönggerberg campus,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sph.ethz.ch/ |title=Home |website=ETH Student Project House}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ethz.ch/en/the-eth-zurich/education/sph.html|title = Student Project House |website=ETH Zurich}}</ref> followed by a 6-story space near the ETH Zurich main building. Both locations function as a unified entity for the purpose of qualifications, staffing and decision making. While both makerspaces offer similar tools, the central one is significantly larger and also hosts a rentable auditorium, intended for pitching projects to faculty to gain funding, and a bar.
* 1901 ] (graduate)
* 1920 ] (graduate)
* 1921 ] (student and professor)
* 1943 ] (lecturer)
* 1945 ] (professor)
* 1952 ] (graduate)
* 1986 ] (graduate)
* 1987 ] (graduate)
* 1987 ] (graduate)


Both makerspaces include workspaces for wood- and metalworking, electronics fabrication, as well as an array of ] for students to use at a little over material cost. Both also feature a shop for students to buy items such as resistors in lower quantities than ordinarily, while passing down the savings of bulk purchases.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Our Offers |url=https://sph.ethz.ch/our-services|access-date=8 January 2022 |website=ETH Student Project House|language=en}}</ref> The makerspaces are managed and staffed entirely by students, who are paid in shop credit. A new space is expected to open on the Hönggerberg campus in 2024.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Gasser |first1=Bianca |last2=Meyer |first2=Florian |url=https://ethz.ch/en/news-and-events/eth-news/news/2020/10/a-place-for-students-to-develop-their-ideas.html|title=A place for students to develop their ideas |date=5 October 2020 |website=ETH Zurich}}</ref>
===Nobel Prize in Chemistry===
* 1913 ] (graduate)
* 1915 ] (professor)
* 1918 ] (attended for one semester)
* 1936 ] (professor)
* 1938 ] (professor)
* 1939 ] (professor)
* 1953 ] (lecturer)
* 1975 ] (professor)
* 1991 ] (graduate and professor)
* 2002 ] (professor)
* 2010 ] (postdoctoral student)


===Nobel Prize in Medicine=== ===Spin-offs===
ETH Zurich promotes technology and knowledge transfer through an entrepreneurial ecosystem to foster spin-offs and start-ups.<ref> ethz.ch/en/industry. Retrieved 14 October 2022.</ref>
* 1950 ] (graduate)
As of 2022, 527 ETH Zurich spin-off companies had been created.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://ethz.ch/en/industry/entrepreneurship/explore-startup-portraits-and-success-stories/uebersicht-eth-spin-offs.html | title=Spin-off companies of ETH Zurich }}</ref>
* 1978 ] (graduate)


==Competition teams==
===Other Nobel Laureates directly affiliated with the ETH===
ETH Zurich has three prominent competition teams that perform research in different popular fields and compete on the world stage. Most of these teams are based in the ] near Dübendorf.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Competition Teams From ETH Zurich at the Switzerland Innovation Park Zurich|url=https://www.switzerland-innovation.com/node/410|access-date=8 January 2021|website=Switzerland Innovation|language=en}}</ref>
* 1912 ] (in collaboration with ])
* 1943 ]
* 1945 ] (in collaboration with ])
* 1954 ] (in collaboration with ])
* 1964 ] (in collaboration with ] and ])
* 1968 ] (in collaboration with ] and ])
* 1968 ] (in collaboration with ])
* 1969 ] (in collaboration with ])
* 1987 ]


===ETH Rectors=== ===ARIS===
The Swiss Academic Spaceflight Initiative (ARIS)<ref>{{Cite web|title=ARIS – ARIS Space and Rocket projects in Switzerland|url=https://aris-space.ch/|access-date=8 January 2021|language=en-US}}</ref> ({{langx|de|link=no|Akademische Raumfahrt Initiative Schweiz}}) is an organisation at ETH Zurich that focuses on the development of space related technologies. The most prominent area of research is in the development of a sounding rocket that is flown yearly at the ]. ARIS also dedicates its resources to the academic advancement of spaceflight and hosts projects ranging from the development of ] to Payload research.
* ] 1 January 2015
* ] 2013 – 31 December 2014
* ] September 2007 - August 2013
* ] 1995 - September 2007
* ] 1895-1899


===ETH Presidents=== ====Achievements====
* ] January 2019
* ] January 2015 - December 2018
* ] September 2007 – December 2014
* ] President ] November 2006 – September 2007
* Ernst Hafen December 2005 – November 2006


* ARIS won 2nd place at the Spaceport America Cup 2019 in the 10'000&nbsp;ft ] challenge.<ref name="Sounding Rocket SA Cup 2019">{{cite web|title="Sounding Rocket SA Cup 2019"|url=http://www.soundingrocket.org/2019-sa-cup.html}}</ref>
ETH Zurich has produced and attracted many famous scientists in its short history, including Albert Einstein. More than twenty Nobel laureates have either studied at ETH or were awarded the ] for their work achieved at ETH. Other alumni include scientists who were distinguished with the highest honours in their respective fields, amongst them ], ] and ] winners. Academic achievements aside, ETH has been Alma Mater to many Olympic Medalists and world champions.

===AMZ===
The ''Academic Motorsports Association''<ref>{{Cite web|title=AMZ Racing|url=https://www.amzracing.ch/|access-date=8 January 2021|website=www.amzracing.ch}}</ref> ({{langx|de|link=no|Akademischer Motorsportverein Zürich}}) is the ETH Zurich's equivalent of a ] team, that develops electric and driverless sports vehicles that compete at ].

====Achievements====

AMZ has proven to be one of the most successful teams in the Formula Student history, with in total 13 overall victories (as by September 2021) at Formula Student Events. Highlight was the double victory at the Formula Student Germany (FSG) in the Electric as well as the Driverless Category (autonomous driving car).
Furthermore, AMZ was leader of the Formula Student world ranking in 2013 – 2015, 2017 & 2018. The team also dominated the autonomous driving category since its introduction in 2017 for three years, winning all the events the team attended with the autonomous car until FSG 2021.
In 2015, and again since 2016, their car ''grimsel'' holds the official Guinness world record for fastest acceleration of an electric car, achieving 0–100 km/h in 1.513 seconds. In 2023, AMZ broke the previous world record again and has set a new record of 0-100km/h in 0.956 seconds.

===Swissloop===

Swissloop is the ETH Zurich's newest competition team that is working on the development of a ] system.

==Traditions==
The annual '']'' is the most prestigious public event at ETH Zurich, with a long tradition since the 1880s. At the end of November, the ''Polyball'' welcomes around 10,000 dancers, music-lovers and partygoers in the extensively decorated main building of ETH Zurich. This is the biggest decorated ball in Europe.

The amicable rivalry between ETH Zurich and its neighbor, the University of Zurich, has been cultivated since 1951 (Uni-Poly). There has been an annual ] match between teams from the two institutions on the river ].

There are many regular symposia and conferences at ETH Zurich, most notably the annual ''Wolfgang Pauli Lectures'', in honor of former ETH Zurich Professor ]. Distinct lecturers, among them 24 Nobel laureates, have held lectures of the various fields of ]s at this conference since 1962.

==Notable alumni and faculty==
{{Main|List of ETH Zurich people}}

ETH Zurich has produced and attracted many famous scientists in its short history, including ] and ]. More than twenty ] have either studied at ETH Zurich or were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work achieved at ETH Zurich. Other alumni include scientists who were distinguished with the highest accolades such as the ], ] and ], among other distinctions in their respective fields. Academic achievements aside, ETH Zurich has been alma mater to many ] and world champions.

<gallery class="center" classes="center" mode="nolines">
File:Einstein1921 by F Schmutzer 2.jpg|], 1921 ]
File:JohnvonNeumann-LosAlamos.gif|], polymath
File: Alfred_Werner_ETH-Bib_Portr_09965.jpg|], 1913 ]
File: Felix Bloch, Stanford University.jpg|], 1952 ]
File:Wernher von Braun 1960.jpg |], pioneer of rocket and space technology
File:Philippe_Kahn.JPG |], inventor and entrepreneur
</gallery>


==Related Organizations== ==Related organizations==
===Collegium Helveticum=== ===Collegium Helveticum===
The Collegium Helveticum is an Institute for Advanced Study.<ref> ''eurias'' Network of French Institutes for Advanced Study. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> It is jointly supported and operated by the ETH Zurich, the ] and the ]. It is dedicated to transdisciplinary research and acts as a ] as well. Fellows are elected for five years to work together on a particular subject. For the period 2016–2020, the research focus is on ''digital societies''.<ref name="CH"> Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> The Collegium Helveticum is an Institute for Advanced Study.<ref> ''eurias'' Network of French Institutes for Advanced Study. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> It is jointly supported and operated by the ETH Zurich, the ] and the ]. It is dedicated to transdisciplinary research and acts as a ] as well. Fellows are elected for five years to work together on a particular subject. For the period 2016–2020, the research focus is on ''digital societies''.<ref name="CH"> Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref>


===ETH Zurich Foundation=== ===ETH Zurich Foundation===
The ETH Zurich Foundation is a legal entity on its own (a Swiss non-profit foundation) and as such not part of the ETH Zurich. Its purpose is to raise funds to support chosen institutes, projects, faculty and students at the ETH Zurich. It receives charitable donations from companies, foundations and private individuals. It can be compared with university ]s in the USA. However, the ETH Zurich is a public university so that the funds of this foundation are much smaller than at comparable private universities.<ref>René Donzé: Neue Zürcher Zeitung am Sonntag, 7 April 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> The ETH Zurich Foundation is a legal entity on its own (a Swiss non-profit foundation) and as such not part of the ETH Zurich. Its purpose is to raise funds to support chosen institutes, projects, faculty and students at the ETH Zurich. It receives charitable donations from companies, foundations and private individuals. It can be compared with university ]s in the US. However, the ETH Zurich is a public university so that the funds of this foundation are much smaller than at comparable private universities.<ref>René Donzé: Neue Zürcher Zeitung am Sonntag, 7 April 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref>
Examples of funded teaching and research are:<ref name="F"> Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> Examples of funded teaching and research are:<ref name="F"> Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref>
* New institutes such as the ''Wyss Translational Center Zurich''<ref> ETH Zurich, 12 December 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> * New institutes such as the ''Wyss Translational Center Zurich''<ref> ETH Zurich, 12 December 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref>
* Additional professorships * Additional professorships
* ]<ref> ETH Foundation. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> * ]<ref> ETH Zurich Foundation. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref>
* Pioneer fellowships * Pioneer fellowships
* Excellence scholarships<ref>Ruf Lanz: persoenlich.com, 19 november 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> * Excellence scholarships<ref>Ruf Lanz: persoenlich.com, 19 November 2018. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref>


===Military Academy=== ===Military Academy===
The Military Academy is an institution for the education, training and development of career officers of the Swiss Armed Forces. The scientific part of this organization is attached to the ETH Zurich, while other parts such as training and an assessment center are under the direct management of the defence sector of the Swiss Federal Government.<ref name="MA"> Website Military Academy, Swiss Armed Forces. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> The Military Academy is an institution for the education, training and development of career officers of the Swiss Armed Forces. The scientific part of this organization is attached to the ETH Zurich, while other parts such as training and an assessment center are under the direct management of the ].<ref name="MA"> Website Military Academy, Swiss Armed Forces. Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref>


===Swiss National Supercomputing Center=== ===Swiss National Supercomputing Center===
The ] is an autonomous organizational unit of the ETH Zurich. It is a national facility based in ], offering high-performance computing services for Swiss-based scientists.<ref name="CSCS"> Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref> The ] is an autonomous organizational unit of the ETH Zurich. It is a national facility based in ]-Cornaredo,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cscs.ch/publications/news/2012/cscs-moves-into-new-computer-centre-in-lugano/|title=CSCS moves into new computer centre in Lugano|website=CSCS|language=en|access-date=28 April 2020}}</ref> offering high-performance computing services for Swiss-based scientists.<ref name="CSCS"> Retrieved 4 August 2019</ref>

===ChainSecurity===
ChainSecurity is a spin-off founded by ETH professor ] and the former ETH doctoral students Hubert Ritzdorf and Petar Tsankov. The company's overall goal is to make ] technologies more secure. To that end, it develops and operates automated scanning programs for auditing ]s. Providers of smart contracts can ask ChainSecurity to ] them and thus receive ] for the security of their contracts.<ref></ref>


==Gallery== ==Gallery==
<!-- heights="120px" --> <!-- heights="120px" -->
<gallery widths="540px" perrow="1"> <gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
Panorama eth-hit-interieur.jpg|ETH HIT building interior File:Panorama eth-hpt-tree.jpg|HPT Tree in Winter
File:ETH Hönggerberg 20100523 15-16-12.JPG|Hönggerberg
Panorama eth-hpt-tree.jpg|ETH HPT Tree in Winter
File:ETHZ und Rämistrasse.jpg|ETH–Universitätsspital tram stop
Panorama ETH HIT F21.jpg|ETH HIT F 21 Seminar room
File:ETHZ.JPG|Main building
ETH-HIL-HIP-HIT.jpg|ETH HIL, HIP, and HIT buildings
Panorama ETH-HPS.jpg|ETH HPS building
</gallery> </gallery>


==See also== ==See also==
{{Portal|Universities|Switzerland}} {{Portal|Switzerland}}
*]
*]
*Engineering
*]
*] *]
*] *]
*] *]
*]
*] (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, EPFL)
*]
*]
*]
*] *]
*]
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==References==
==Notes and references==
{{Reflist|30em}} {{Reflist}}


==Further reading== ==Further reading==
*{{Citation |authors=David Gugerli, Patrick Kupper, Daniel Speich |title=Die Zukunftsmaschine. Konjunkturen der ETH Zürich 1855-2005. |date=2005 |publisher=CHRONOS |language=de |location=Zurich, Switzerland |url=http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/besichtigungen/epochen/debatte1/ausblick/werbetext_zukunftsmaschine/popupfriendly/ |via=www.ethistory.ethz.ch}} *{{Citation |author=David Gugerli |author2=Patrick Kupper |author3=Daniel Speich |title=Die Zukunftsmaschine. Konjunkturen der ETH Zürich 1855–2005. |date=2005 |publisher=CHRONOS |language=de |location=Zurich, Switzerland |url=http://www.ethistory.ethz.ch/besichtigungen/epochen/debatte1/ausblick/werbetext_zukunftsmaschine/popupfriendly/ |via=www.ethistory.ethz.ch}}


==External links== ==External links==
{{Commons category}} *{{Commons category-inline}}
*{{Official website|https://www.ethz.ch/en.html}} *{{Official website|https://www.ethz.ch/en.html}}
*{{YouTube|u=ethzurich|ETH Zurich}}

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Latest revision as of 23:49, 19 December 2024

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich "ETH" redirects here. For other uses, see Eth (disambiguation).

ETH Zurich – Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich
ETH Zurich at twilight
Other names(Swiss) Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, German: Polytechnikum (colloquially)
Former nameEidgenössische polytechnische Schule
TypePublic
Established1855; 169 years ago (1855)
BudgetCHF 1.896 billion (2021)
PresidentJoël Mesot
RectorGünther Dissertori
Academic staff6,612 (including doctoral students, excluding 527 professors of all ranks, 34% female, 65% foreign nationals) (full-time equivalents 2021)
Administrative staff3,106 (40% female, 19% foreign nationals, full-time equivalents 2021)
Students24,534 (headcount 2021, 33.3% female, 37% foreign nationals)
Undergraduates10,642
Postgraduates8,299
Doctoral students4,460
Other students1,133
AddressRämistrasse 101
CH-8092 Zurich
Switzerland, Zurich
47°22′35″N 8°32′53″E / 47.37639°N 8.54806°E / 47.37639; 8.54806
CampusUrban
LanguageGerman, English (Masters and upwards, sometimes Bachelor)
ColorsBlack and White
   
AffiliationsCESAER, ENHANCE Alliance, EUA, IARU, IDEA League, LERU
Websiteethz.ch

ETH Zurich (German: Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich; English: Federal Institute of Technology Zurich) is a public research university in Zurich, Switzerland. Founded in 1854 with the stated mission to educate engineers and scientists, the university focuses primarily on science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.

Like its sister institution EPFL, ETH Zurich is part of the Swiss Federal Institutes of Technology Domain, a consortium of universities and research institutes under the Swiss Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research. As of 2023, ETH Zurich enrolled 25,380 students from over 120 countries, of which 4,425 were pursuing doctoral degrees.

Students, faculty, and researchers affiliated with ETH Zurich include 22 Nobel laureates, two Fields Medalists, three Pritzker Prize winners, and one Turing Award recipient, including Albert Einstein and John von Neumann. It is a founding member of the IDEA League and the International Alliance of Research Universities (IARU), and a member of the CESAER and League of European Research Universities (LERU) networks and the ENHANCE Alliance.

ETH Zurich is located in SwitzerlandETH ZurichETH Zurichclass=notpageimage| Location: ETH Zurich, Switzerland

History

ETH Zurich was founded on 7 February 1854 by the Swiss Confederation and began giving its first lectures on 16 October 1855 as a polytechnic institute (eidgenössische polytechnische Schule) at various sites throughout the city of Zurich. It was initially composed of six faculties: architecture, civil engineering, mechanical engineering, chemistry, forestry, and an integrated department for the fields of mathematics, natural sciences, literature, and social and political sciences.

It is locally still known as Polytechnikum, or simply as Poly, derived from the original name eidgenössische polytechnische Schule, which translates to "federal polytechnic school".

ETH Zurich is a federal institute (i.e., under direct administration by the Swiss government), whereas the University of Zurich is a cantonal institution. The decision for a new federal university was heavily disputed at the time; the liberals pressed for a "federal university", while the conservative forces wanted all universities to remain under cantonal control, worried that the liberals would gain more political power than they already had. In the beginning, both universities were co-located in the buildings of the University of Zurich.

From 1905 to 1908, under the presidency of Jérôme Franel, the course program of ETH Zurich was restructured to that of a real university and ETH Zurich was granted the right to award doctorates. In 1909, the first doctorates were awarded. In 1911, it was given its current name, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule. In 1924, another reorganization structured the university in 12 departments. However, it now has 16 departments.

ETH Zurich, the EPFL, and four associated research institutes form the "ETH Domain" with the aim of collaborating on scientific projects.

Rankings

University rankings
Global – Overall
ARWU World20 (2023)
QS World7 (2025)
THE World11 (2024)
Regional – Overall
QS Europe1 (2025)
THE Europe4 (2023)

Historically, ETH Zurich has achieved its reputation particularly in the fields of chemistry, mathematics and physics. There are 32 Nobel laureates who are associated with ETH Zurich, the most recent of whom is Richard F. Heck, awarded the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 2010. Albert Einstein is perhaps its most famous alumnus.

Overall rankings

ETH Zurich is ranked 7th worldwide (first in Switzerland) in the QS World University Rankings 2025, 11th worldwide (first in Switzerland) in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2024, and 20th worldwide in the Academic Ranking of World Universities 2023. ETH Zurich ranked 1st in Europe in the 2025 QS Europe rankings. In the 2023 Nature Index of academic institutions, ETH Zurich ranked 20th worldwide and first in Switzerland.

Subject/Area rankings

In the 2024 QS Word University Rankings by subject, ETH Zurich was ranked within the top 10 in the world in architecture, engineering and technology, and the natural sciences. It ranked first worldwide in the earth and marine sciences, geology, and geophysics. In the 2024 THE World University Rankings by subject, it was the top Swiss university in all ranked subjects. In the 2023 ARWU Subject Ranking, the university was ranked within the top 10 worldwide in civil engineering, water resources, environmental engineering, automation, mathematics, earth sciences, and ecology.

Campus

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The ETH Zurich main building, which is the centre of the Zentrum campus
The ETH Zurich main building, which is the centre of the Zentrum campus

ETH Zurich has two campuses, namely Zentrum and Hönggerberg. The Zentrum campus grew around the main building, which was constructed 1858–1864 outside and right above the eastern border of the town, but which is nowadays located right in the heart of the city. As the town and university grew, ETH Zurich spread into the surrounding vineyards and later quarters. Because this geographic situation substantially hindered the expansion of ETH Zurich, a new campus was built from 1964 to 1976 on the Hönggerberg, a northern hill in the outskirts of the city. The last major expansion project of this new campus was completed in 2003.

Zentrum campus

The Zentrum campus consists of various buildings and institutions throughout the city of Zurich.

The Zentrum campus houses the:

  • Department of Mathematics (D-MATH)
  • Department of Computer Science (D-INFK)
  • Department of Humanities, Social and Political Sciences (D-GESS)
  • Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (D-ITET)
  • Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering (D-MAVT)
  • Department of Environmental Systems Science (D-USYS)
  • Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences (D-EAPS)
  • Department of Management, Technology, and Economics (D-MTEC)
  • Department of Health Sciences and Technology (D-HEST)

Main building

The northern wall of the main building, depicting famous scientists and academics

The main building of ETH Zurich was built from 1858 to 1864 under Gustav Zeuner; the architect, however, was Gottfried Semper, who was a professor of architecture at ETH Zurich at the time and one of the most important architectural writers and theorists of the age. Semper worked in a neoclassical style that was unique to him; and the namesake and architect of the Semperoper in Dresden. It emphasized bold and clear massings with a detailing, such as the rusticated ground level and giant order above, that derived in part from the work of Andrea Palladio and Donato Bramante. During the construction of the University of Zurich, the south wing of the building was allocated to the University until its own new main building was constructed (1912–1914). At about the same time, Semper's ETH Zurich building was enlarged and received its cupola.

The main building stands directly across the street from the University Hospital of Zurich and, right alongside the main building of the University of Zurich.

Hönggerberg campus

Aerial picture of the Hönggerberg campus. The city of Zurich and the Alps can be seen behind.
Aerial picture of the Hönggerberg campus. The rest of the city of Zurich, where the main campus is, and the Alps can be seen in the background.

The Hönggerberg campus is a more classical university campus, consisting mainly of university buildings and student accommodation.

The Hönggerberg campus houses the:

  • Department of Architecture (D-ARCH)
  • Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering (D-BAUG)
  • Department of Materials (D-MATL)
  • Department of Biology (D-BIOL)
  • Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences (D-CHAB)
  • Department of Physics (D-PHYS)

There is also an ASVZ sports centre which is accessible to all students and faculty, and includes a gym, beach volleyball court, football field, and martial-art rooms.

ETH Zurich Hönggerberg campus ETH Zurich Hönggerberg campus

Science City

In 2005, the year of ETH Zurich's 150th anniversary, an extensive project called "Science City" for the Hönggerberg Campus was started with the goal to transform the campus into an attractive district based on the principle of sustainability.

ETH Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics

The ETH Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics (LIB) is a physics laboratory located in Science City. It specializes in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and the use of ion beam based techniques with applications in archeology, earth sciences, life sciences, material sciences and fundamental physics. An example of such application is the tracing of isotopes and the detection of rare radionuclides with radiocarbon dating and the use of techniques such as Rutherford backscattering spectrometry or elastic recoil detection. The LIB is developing the next generation of AMS machines. It is also a laboratory available for users interested in applying the techniques of ion beam analysis.

Commuting between the campuses

ETH Link

The ETH link is a free bus for students, affiliates and faculty linking the two campuses. During the school week, the bus runs 3 times an hour, and takes around 15 minutes. In 2020 a new, fully electric, eLink was introduced.

Bike share

Since 2018, an electric bike sharing system between the two campuses is also available, with yearly subscriptions subsidised by the university. There are rental stations on both campuses.

Student life

Students and locals in ETH Zurich's front courtyard

Tuition and financial assistance

Being a public university, the heavily subsidized (by Swiss federal tax) tuition fees are CHF 730 per semester, regardless of the student's nationality. Both merit and need based scholarships are also available. The Excellence Scholarship & Opportunity Programme (ESOP) is a merit scholarship program for master students with excellent grades in their undergraduate program.

Student associations

ETH Zurich has well over 100 student associations. Most notable is the VSETH (Verband der Studierenden an der ETH) which forms the umbrella organization of all field of study specific student associations and comprises a large variety of committees such as the Student Sustainability Committee and the ETH Model United Nations. The associations regularly organize events with varying size and popularity. Events of the neighboring University of Zurich are well-attended by ETH Zurich students and vice versa.

The largest career fair on campus is the Polymesse which is organized by students in the Forum und Contact committee of VSETH. Many student associations however organize career fairs specifically for the students in their departments with companies related to their field of study. The VSETH is also the official representation of the student body towards the school and has been working with ETH on various projects with the aim of improving the students' experience at ETH. The representation towards the various departments is handled by the respective student associations.

The Polyball, which is the biggest decorated ball in Europe, takes places annually in the main building of ETH and is organized by students and former students in the KOSTA foundation. It has been taking place since the 1880s.

ETH Juniors is another student organization. It forms a bridge between industry and ETH Zurich and offers many services for students and companies alike as a student-led consulting group.

Sports

The Academic Sports Association of Zurich (ASVZ) offers more than 120 sports. The biggest annual sports event is the SOLA-Stafette (SOLA relay race) which consists of 14 sections over a total distance of 140 kilometers. More than 760 teams participated in the 2009 edition. The 40th edition of the SOLA, held on 4 May 2013, had 900 enrolled teams, of which 893 started and 876 were classified. In 2014 ASVZ celebrated their 75th anniversary.

Innovation

A view over Niederdorf. ETH Zurich's main building is visible in the distance.

Student Project House

In 2017, ETH Zurich board approved the creation of a "Student Project House" to encourage student projects and foster innovation. A test consisting of a "makerspace" and co-working space was established on the Hönggerberg campus, followed by a 6-story space near the ETH Zurich main building. Both locations function as a unified entity for the purpose of qualifications, staffing and decision making. While both makerspaces offer similar tools, the central one is significantly larger and also hosts a rentable auditorium, intended for pitching projects to faculty to gain funding, and a bar.

Both makerspaces include workspaces for wood- and metalworking, electronics fabrication, as well as an array of 3D-printers for students to use at a little over material cost. Both also feature a shop for students to buy items such as resistors in lower quantities than ordinarily, while passing down the savings of bulk purchases. The makerspaces are managed and staffed entirely by students, who are paid in shop credit. A new space is expected to open on the Hönggerberg campus in 2024.

Spin-offs

ETH Zurich promotes technology and knowledge transfer through an entrepreneurial ecosystem to foster spin-offs and start-ups. As of 2022, 527 ETH Zurich spin-off companies had been created.

Competition teams

ETH Zurich has three prominent competition teams that perform research in different popular fields and compete on the world stage. Most of these teams are based in the Swiss Innovation Park near Dübendorf.

ARIS

The Swiss Academic Spaceflight Initiative (ARIS) (German: Akademische Raumfahrt Initiative Schweiz) is an organisation at ETH Zurich that focuses on the development of space related technologies. The most prominent area of research is in the development of a sounding rocket that is flown yearly at the Spaceport America Cup. ARIS also dedicates its resources to the academic advancement of spaceflight and hosts projects ranging from the development of Hybrid rocket Engines to Payload research.

Achievements

  • ARIS won 2nd place at the Spaceport America Cup 2019 in the 10'000 ft COTS Engine challenge.

AMZ

The Academic Motorsports Association (German: Akademischer Motorsportverein Zürich) is the ETH Zurich's equivalent of a Formula One team, that develops electric and driverless sports vehicles that compete at Formula Student.

Achievements

AMZ has proven to be one of the most successful teams in the Formula Student history, with in total 13 overall victories (as by September 2021) at Formula Student Events. Highlight was the double victory at the Formula Student Germany (FSG) in the Electric as well as the Driverless Category (autonomous driving car). Furthermore, AMZ was leader of the Formula Student world ranking in 2013 – 2015, 2017 & 2018. The team also dominated the autonomous driving category since its introduction in 2017 for three years, winning all the events the team attended with the autonomous car until FSG 2021. In 2015, and again since 2016, their car grimsel holds the official Guinness world record for fastest acceleration of an electric car, achieving 0–100 km/h in 1.513 seconds. In 2023, AMZ broke the previous world record again and has set a new record of 0-100km/h in 0.956 seconds.

Swissloop

Swissloop is the ETH Zurich's newest competition team that is working on the development of a Hyperloop system.

Traditions

The annual Polyball is the most prestigious public event at ETH Zurich, with a long tradition since the 1880s. At the end of November, the Polyball welcomes around 10,000 dancers, music-lovers and partygoers in the extensively decorated main building of ETH Zurich. This is the biggest decorated ball in Europe.

The amicable rivalry between ETH Zurich and its neighbor, the University of Zurich, has been cultivated since 1951 (Uni-Poly). There has been an annual rowing match between teams from the two institutions on the river Limmat.

There are many regular symposia and conferences at ETH Zurich, most notably the annual Wolfgang Pauli Lectures, in honor of former ETH Zurich Professor Wolfgang Pauli. Distinct lecturers, among them 24 Nobel laureates, have held lectures of the various fields of natural sciences at this conference since 1962.

Notable alumni and faculty

Main article: List of ETH Zurich people

ETH Zurich has produced and attracted many famous scientists in its short history, including Albert Einstein and John von Neumann. More than twenty Nobel laureates have either studied at ETH Zurich or were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work achieved at ETH Zurich. Other alumni include scientists who were distinguished with the highest accolades such as the Fields Medal, Pritzker Prize and Turing Award, among other distinctions in their respective fields. Academic achievements aside, ETH Zurich has been alma mater to many Olympic medalists and world champions.

Related organizations

Collegium Helveticum

The Collegium Helveticum is an Institute for Advanced Study. It is jointly supported and operated by the ETH Zurich, the University of Zurich and the Zurich University of the Arts. It is dedicated to transdisciplinary research and acts as a think tank as well. Fellows are elected for five years to work together on a particular subject. For the period 2016–2020, the research focus is on digital societies.

ETH Zurich Foundation

The ETH Zurich Foundation is a legal entity on its own (a Swiss non-profit foundation) and as such not part of the ETH Zurich. Its purpose is to raise funds to support chosen institutes, projects, faculty and students at the ETH Zurich. It receives charitable donations from companies, foundations and private individuals. It can be compared with university endowments in the US. However, the ETH Zurich is a public university so that the funds of this foundation are much smaller than at comparable private universities. Examples of funded teaching and research are:

  • New institutes such as the Wyss Translational Center Zurich
  • Additional professorships
  • Rössler Prize
  • Pioneer fellowships
  • Excellence scholarships

Military Academy

The Military Academy is an institution for the education, training and development of career officers of the Swiss Armed Forces. The scientific part of this organization is attached to the ETH Zurich, while other parts such as training and an assessment center are under the direct management of the defense sector of the Swiss Federal Government.

Swiss National Supercomputing Center

The Swiss National Supercomputing Center is an autonomous organizational unit of the ETH Zurich. It is a national facility based in Lugano-Cornaredo, offering high-performance computing services for Swiss-based scientists.

ChainSecurity

ChainSecurity is a spin-off founded by ETH professor Martin Vechev and the former ETH doctoral students Hubert Ritzdorf and Petar Tsankov. The company's overall goal is to make blockchain technologies more secure. To that end, it develops and operates automated scanning programs for auditing smart contracts. Providers of smart contracts can ask ChainSecurity to audit them and thus receive certification for the security of their contracts.

Gallery

  • HPT Tree in Winter HPT Tree in Winter
  • Hönggerberg Hönggerberg
  • ETH–Universitätsspital tram stop ETH–Universitätsspital tram stop
  • Main building Main building

See also

References

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  3. ^ "Annual Report 2021" (PDF). Zurich, Switzerland: ETH Zurich. March 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2022.
  4. "ETH identity". Retrieved 7 September 2021.
  5. "ETH Zurich joins alliance of European universities". Zurich, Switzerland: ETH Zurich. 25 November 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  6. "ETH Zurich boosts networking with Europe's top universities". Zurich, Switzerland: ETH Zurich. 17 November 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2024.
  7. "ETH Board – Governance ETH Domain". ETH-Rat. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
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  61. Security flaws uncovered in blockchain platform | ETH Zurich

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