Misplaced Pages

Spectra Energy: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editContent deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 15:39, 29 March 2020 editInternetArchiveBot (talk | contribs)Bots, Pending changes reviewers5,383,277 edits Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0) (Johand199 - 5559← Previous edit Latest revision as of 21:25, 20 August 2023 edit undoCitation bot (talk | contribs)Bots5,424,635 edits Alter: title. Add: authors 1-1. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | Category:Natural gas pipeline companies | #UCB_Category 47/79 
(13 intermediate revisions by 13 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|U.S. energy company}}
{{more citations needed|date=February 2014}} {{more citations needed|date=February 2014}}
{{Infobox company {{Infobox company
Line 11: Line 12:
| location = ], United States | location = ], United States
| key_people = Gregory Ebel, President & CEO | key_people = Gregory Ebel, President & CEO
| num_employees = 5,700 (2011)<ref>https://finance.yahoo.com/q/pr?s=SE</ref> | num_employees = 5,700 (2011)<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/q/pr?s=SE |title=SE Profile &#124; Spectra Energy Corp Common Stoc Stock - Yahoo! Finance |access-date=2017-01-17 |archive-date=2016-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160427102442/http://finance.yahoo.com/q/pr?s=SE |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| industry = Oil & Gas Pipelines | industry = Oil & Gas Pipelines
| products = | products =
<!-- | revenue = {{profit}}$5.351 billion ] (2011)<ref name="finance.yahoo.com">https://finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s=SE&annual</ref> <!-- | revenue = {{profit}}$5.351 billion ] (2011)<ref name="finance.yahoo.com">https://finance.yahoo.com/q/is?s=SE&annual {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref>
| operating_income = {{profit}}$1.763 billion ] (2011)<ref name="finance.yahoo.com"/> | operating_income = {{profit}}$1.763 billion ] (2011)<ref name="finance.yahoo.com"/>
| net_income = {{profit}}$1.184 billion ] (2011)<ref name="finance.yahoo.com"/> --> | net_income = {{profit}}$1.184 billion ] (2011)<ref name="finance.yahoo.com"/> -->
| parent = ]
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.spectraenergy.com}} | homepage = {{URL|http://www.spectraenergy.com}}
}} }}


'''Spectra Energy Corp''', headquartered in ], operated in three key areas of the ] industry: transmission and storage, distribution, and gathering and processing. Spectra was formed in late 2006 from the ] from ]. Spectra owned the ] (TETCo), a major natural gas pipeline which brings gas from the ] coast in ] to the ] area, which was one of the largest pipeline systems in the United States.<ref name="ferc"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120011541/http://ferc.gov/industries/gas/gen-info/pipecode.asp |date=2013-01-20 }}</ref> Spectra also operated three oil pipelines.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.spectraenergy.com/Operations/Spectra-Energy-Liquids/|title= Spectra Energy Liquids|last1= Spectra Energy|first1= |last2= |first2= |date= 2015|website= Spectra Energy|publisher= |access-date= 26 August 2015|quote= |url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150822083708/http://www.spectraenergy.com/Operations/Spectra-Energy-Liquids/|archive-date= 22 August 2015|df= }}</ref> In February 2017, Spectra Energy merged into the Canadian company ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Enbridge and Spectra Energy Complete Merger|url=http://www.enbridge.com/media-center/news/details?id=2126823&lang=en&year=2017|website=Media Centre News Releases|publisher=Enbridge|accessdate=October 10, 2017|language=en|date=February 27, 2017}}</ref> '''Spectra Energy Corp''', headquartered in ], operated in three key areas of the ] industry: transmission and storage, distribution, and gathering and processing. Spectra was formed in late 2006 from the ] from ]. Spectra owned the ] (TETCo), a major natural gas pipeline which brings gas from the ] coast in ] to the ] area, which was one of the largest pipeline systems in the United States.<ref name="ferc"> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130120011541/http://ferc.gov/industries/gas/gen-info/pipecode.asp |date=2013-01-20 }}</ref> Spectra also operated three oil pipelines.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.spectraenergy.com/Operations/Spectra-Energy-Liquids/|title= Spectra Energy Liquids|last1= Spectra Energy|date= 2015|website= Spectra Energy|access-date= 26 August 2015|url-status= dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150822083708/http://www.spectraenergy.com/Operations/Spectra-Energy-Liquids/|archive-date= 22 August 2015}}</ref> In February 2017, Spectra Energy merged into the Canadian company ].<ref>{{cite web|title=Enbridge and Spectra Energy Complete Merger|url=http://www.enbridge.com/media-center/news/details?id=2126823&lang=en&year=2017|website=Media Centre News Releases|publisher=Enbridge|accessdate=October 10, 2017|language=en|date=February 27, 2017}}</ref>


==History== ==History==
Line 36: Line 38:


=== Merger with Enbridge === === Merger with Enbridge ===
Canadian pipeline operator ]. on September 6, 2016, agreed to buy Spectra Energy in an all-stock deal valued at about $28 billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/enbridge-to-buy-spectra-energy-in-28-billion-deal-1473160931|title=Enbridge to Buy Spectra Energy in $28 Billion Deal|last=Dawson|first=Chester|date=2016-09-06|last2=McKinnon|first2=Judy|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|issn=0099-9660|access-date=2016-09-07}}</ref> Canadian pipeline operator ]. on September 6, 2016, agreed to buy Spectra Energy in an all-stock deal valued at about $28 billion.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/enbridge-to-buy-spectra-energy-in-28-billion-deal-1473160931|title=Enbridge to Buy Spectra Energy in $28 Billion Deal|last1=Dawson|first1=Chester|date=2016-09-06|last2=McKinnon|first2=Judy|newspaper=Wall Street Journal|issn=0099-9660|access-date=2016-09-07}}</ref>


==Environmental record== ==Environmental record==
For 2010, Spectra Energy was listed in the ''Newsweek'' green rankings, with a ranking of 280 out of the 500 largest publicly traded corporations in America. The listing was based on environmental impacts, green policies, and a reputation survey.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newsweek.com/2010/10/18/green-rankings-us-companies.html |title=Green Rankings 2010: U.S. Companies |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= |website=newsweek.com |publisher=] |access-date=September 7, 2016 |quote=}}</ref> For 2010, Spectra Energy was listed in the ''Newsweek'' green rankings, with a ranking of 280 out of the 500 largest publicly traded corporations in America. The listing was based on environmental impacts, green policies, and a reputation survey.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.newsweek.com/2010/10/18/green-rankings-us-companies.html |title=Green Rankings 2010: U.S. Companies |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=newsweek.com |publisher=] |access-date=September 7, 2016 }}</ref>


Despite those high rankings, Spectra Energy's environmental record is not without incidents or government imposed penalties.<ref>{{cite news |last= Christensen|first= Dan|date= |title= Pipeline company with tie to Gov. Scott and state backing, has history of accidents|url= http://www.miamiherald.com/news/state/florida/article31274615.html|newspaper= Miami Herald|location= Miami, FL|access-date= 26 August 2015}}</ref> Since 2006, the ] reports twenty-five separate incidents at Spectra's ] ranging from equipment failure to incorrect operations to pipe corrosion. Combined, those incidents caused $12,036,495 in property damage, and the US federal government fined Spectra a total of $403,100 over that period.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_19235.html?nocache=7817|title= TEXAS EASTERN TRANSMISSION LP, Main Operator Report|last1= Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration|first1= |last2= |first2= |date= 2015|website= |publisher= Department of Transportation|access-date= 26 August 2015|quote= |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160121184801/http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_19235.html?nocache=7817|archive-date= 21 January 2016|url-status= dead}}</ref> The most recent incident for that pipeline occurred on May 31, 2015 when a piece of the pipeline in the ] near ] ruptured.<ref>{{cite news |last= Reed|first= Allen|date= |title= Pipeline in Arkansas River ruptures, releases natural gas|url= http://www.seattletimes.com/business/pipeline-in-arkansas-river-ruptures-releases-natural-gas/|newspaper= Seattle Times|location= Seattle, WA|access-date= 26 August 2015}}</ref> Similarly the US federal government has imposed $154,700 in penalties since 2007 at Spectra's ] for a single incident from 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_288.html?nocache=4039|title= ALGONQUIN GAS TRANSMISSION CO, Main Operator Report|last1= Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration|first1= |last2= |first2= |date= 2015|website= |publisher= Department of Transportation|access-date= 26 August 2015|quote= |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160121184800/http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_288.html?nocache=4039|archive-date= 21 January 2016|url-status= dead}}</ref> An incident in 2010 from Spectra's Southeast Supply Header Pipeline did $561,563 in property damage, which led to it being fined a total of $201,300 by the US federal government.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_32341.html?nocache=9410|title= SOUTHEAST SUPPLY HEADER, LLC, Main Operator Report|last1= Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration|first1= |last2= |first2= |date= 2015|website= |publisher= Department of Transportation|access-date= 26 August 2015|quote= |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160121184800/http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_32341.html?nocache=9410|archive-date= 21 January 2016|url-status= dead}}</ref> Despite those high rankings, Spectra Energy's environmental record is not without incidents or government imposed penalties.<ref>{{cite news |last= Christensen|first= Dan|title= Pipeline company with tie to Gov. Scott and state backing, has history of accidents|url= http://www.miamiherald.com/news/state/florida/article31274615.html|newspaper= Miami Herald|location= Miami, FL|access-date= 26 August 2015}}</ref> Since 2006, the ] reports twenty-five separate incidents at Spectra's ] ranging from equipment failure to incorrect operations to pipe corrosion. Combined, those incidents caused $12,036,495 in property damage, and the US federal government fined Spectra a total of $403,100 over that period.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_19235.html?nocache=7817|title= TEXAS EASTERN TRANSMISSION LP, Main Operator Report|last1= Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration|date= 2015|publisher= Department of Transportation|access-date= 26 August 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160121184801/http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_19235.html?nocache=7817|archive-date= 21 January 2016|url-status= dead}}</ref> The most recent incident for that pipeline occurred on May 31, 2015, when a piece of the pipeline in the ] near ] ruptured.<ref>{{cite news |last= Reed|first= Allen|title= Pipeline in Arkansas River ruptures, releases natural gas|url= http://www.seattletimes.com/business/pipeline-in-arkansas-river-ruptures-releases-natural-gas/|newspaper= Seattle Times|location= Seattle, WA|access-date= 26 August 2015}}</ref> Similarly the US federal government has imposed $154,700 in penalties since 2007 at Spectra's ] for a single incident from 2010.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_288.html?nocache=4039|title= ALGONQUIN GAS TRANSMISSION CO, Main Operator Report|last1= Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration|date= 2015|publisher= Department of Transportation|access-date= 26 August 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160121184800/http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_288.html?nocache=4039|archive-date= 21 January 2016|url-status= dead}}</ref> An incident in 2010 from Spectra's Southeast Supply Header Pipeline did $561,563 in property damage, which led to it being fined a total of $201,300 by the US federal government.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_32341.html?nocache=9410|title= SOUTHEAST SUPPLY HEADER, LLC, Main Operator Report|last1= Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration|date= 2015|publisher= Department of Transportation|access-date= 26 August 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160121184800/http://primis.phmsa.dot.gov/comm/reports/operator/OperatorReport_opid_32341.html?nocache=9410|archive-date= 21 January 2016|url-status= dead}}</ref>


Spectra Energy may be considered the single largest private-sector source of ] in British Columbia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070329.wbcgreenindustry29/BNStory/ClimateChange/home |title=From carbon steam to cash flow |publisher=Globe and Mail |date=2007-03-29 |access-date=2008-05-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070402014532/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070329.wbcgreenindustry29/BNStory/ClimateChange/home |archive-date=2007-04-02 |df= }}</ref> Since it co-owned ] with ], Spectra Energy was reported in 2005 to emit 19,746 tons of ] and 9,286 tons of ] per year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://newsok.com/cleanair/industry |title=Industry and Clean Air |publisher=The Oklahoman |accessdate=2008-05-18}} {{Dead link|date=November 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> As of August 2015, Canada's ] has fined Spectra's subsidiary Westcoast Energy a total of $122,300 for violations.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.neb-one.gc.ca/bts/ctrg/gnnb/dmnstrtvmntrypnlts/index-eng.html#wstcstspctr-trnsmssnnrth|title= Administrative Monetary Penalties Regulations |last1= National Energy Board|first1= |last2= |first2= |date= 2015|website= |publisher= |access-date= 26 August 2015|quote=}}</ref> Spectra Energy may be considered the single largest private-sector source of ] in British Columbia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070329.wbcgreenindustry29/BNStory/ClimateChange/home |title=From carbon steam to cash flow |publisher=Globe and Mail |date=2007-03-29 |access-date=2008-05-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070402014532/http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070329.wbcgreenindustry29/BNStory/ClimateChange/home |archive-date=2007-04-02 }}</ref> Since it co-owned ] with ], Spectra Energy was reported in 2005 to emit 19,746 tons of ] and 9,286 tons of ] per year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://newsok.com/cleanair/industry |title=Industry and Clean Air |publisher=The Oklahoman |accessdate=2008-05-18}} {{Dead link|date=November 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> As of August 2015, Canada's ] has fined Spectra's subsidiary Westcoast Energy a total of $122,300 for violations.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.neb-one.gc.ca/bts/ctrg/gnnb/dmnstrtvmntrypnlts/index-eng.html#wstcstspctr-trnsmssnnrth|title= Administrative Monetary Penalties Regulations |last1= National Energy Board|date= 2015|access-date= 26 August 2015}}</ref>


==Current natural gas pipelines== ==Current natural gas pipelines==
Line 55: Line 57:
*Ohio Pipeline Energy Network (OPEN), a pipeline to be completed in late 2015. *Ohio Pipeline Energy Network (OPEN), a pipeline to be completed in late 2015.
*Ozark Gas Transmission Pipeline, a pipeline running through ], ], and ]. *Ozark Gas Transmission Pipeline, a pipeline running through ], ], and ].
*Salem Lateral Pipeline, a pipeline in ] that is under constructions and was scheduled to be completed by November 2016. *Salem Lateral Pipeline, a pipeline in ] that is under construction and was scheduled to be completed by November 2016.
*Southeast Supply Header Pipeline, a pipeline running through ], ], and Alabama. *Southeast Supply Header Pipeline, a pipeline running through ], ], and Alabama.
*] *]
Line 66: Line 68:


==Current oil pipelines== ==Current oil pipelines==
*Express Pipeline, a pipeline running from ], Alberta, Canada to ]. *Express Pipeline, a pipeline running from ], Alberta, Canada to ].
*Platte Pipeline, a pipeline running from Casper, Wyoming to ]. *Platte Pipeline, a pipeline running from Casper, Wyoming to ].
*Sand Hills and Southern Hills Pipeline, a pipeline owned by DCP Midstream, ], and Spectra Energy equally. *Sand Hills and Southern Hills Pipeline, a pipeline owned by DCP Midstream, ], and Spectra Energy equally.
Line 83: Line 85:
| google = SE | google = SE
}} }}

{{Enbridge (corporation)}}
{{Authority control}}


] ]
Line 95: Line 100:
] ]
] ]
]

Latest revision as of 21:25, 20 August 2023

U.S. energy company
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Spectra Energy" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message)
Spectra Energy Corporation
Company typePublic
Traded asNYSE: SE
IndustryOil & Gas Pipelines
Founded2006
DefunctFebruary 27, 2017
FateMerged into Enbridge
HeadquartersHouston, Texas, United States
Key peopleGregory Ebel, President & CEO
Number of employees5,700 (2011)
ParentEnbridge
Websitewww.spectraenergy.com

Spectra Energy Corp, headquartered in Houston, Texas, operated in three key areas of the natural gas industry: transmission and storage, distribution, and gathering and processing. Spectra was formed in late 2006 from the spin-off from Duke Energy. Spectra owned the Texas Eastern Pipeline (TETCo), a major natural gas pipeline which brings gas from the Gulf of Mexico coast in Texas to the New York City area, which was one of the largest pipeline systems in the United States. Spectra also operated three oil pipelines. In February 2017, Spectra Energy merged into the Canadian company Enbridge.

History

In 2002, Duke Energy acquired Westcoast Energy, a Canadian corporation, which owned Chatham, Ontario-based Union Gas, regulated under the 1998 Ontario Energy Board Act.

On December 29, 2006 Standard & Poor's added Spectra Energy Corp. to its S&P 500 Index, replacing Parametric Technology Corp. (Nasdaq: PMTC), a software company, which then moved to the S&P MidCap 400 list instead. Spectra began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol SE.

On January 3, 2007, Duke Energy completed the spin-off of its natural gas business, including Westcoast Energy and Union Gas, to form Spectra Energy. Duke Energy shareholders received 1 share of Spectra Energy for every 2 shares of Duke Energy.

By early August 2007, the S&P 500 breached its first 10% correction in over four years, and the shares of Spectra Energy Corp. sunk to their lowest point since trading had begun in December 2006, after the company announced that second quarter earnings had dropped 39 percent.

In 2009, the company's financial performance had improved and had a total shareholder return of 38.3 percent.

In 2011, Spectra Energy achieved record net income and surpassed its earnings target by more than 7 percent. And, in 2011, the company increased its annual dividend to $1.12, representing a nearly 8 percent increase.

Merger with Enbridge

Canadian pipeline operator Enbridge Inc. on September 6, 2016, agreed to buy Spectra Energy in an all-stock deal valued at about $28 billion.

Environmental record

For 2010, Spectra Energy was listed in the Newsweek green rankings, with a ranking of 280 out of the 500 largest publicly traded corporations in America. The listing was based on environmental impacts, green policies, and a reputation survey.

Despite those high rankings, Spectra Energy's environmental record is not without incidents or government imposed penalties. Since 2006, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration reports twenty-five separate incidents at Spectra's Texas Eastern Transmission Pipeline ranging from equipment failure to incorrect operations to pipe corrosion. Combined, those incidents caused $12,036,495 in property damage, and the US federal government fined Spectra a total of $403,100 over that period. The most recent incident for that pipeline occurred on May 31, 2015, when a piece of the pipeline in the Arkansas River near Little Rock, Arkansas ruptured. Similarly the US federal government has imposed $154,700 in penalties since 2007 at Spectra's Algonquin Gas Transmission Pipeline for a single incident from 2010. An incident in 2010 from Spectra's Southeast Supply Header Pipeline did $561,563 in property damage, which led to it being fined a total of $201,300 by the US federal government.

Spectra Energy may be considered the single largest private-sector source of greenhouse gases in British Columbia. Since it co-owned DCP Midstream Partners with ConocoPhillips, Spectra Energy was reported in 2005 to emit 19,746 tons of nitrogen oxides and 9,286 tons of volatile organic compounds per year. As of August 2015, Canada's National Energy Board has fined Spectra's subsidiary Westcoast Energy a total of $122,300 for violations.

Current natural gas pipelines

Proposed natural gas pipelines

Current oil pipelines

  • Express Pipeline, a pipeline running from Hardisty, Alberta, Canada to Casper, Wyoming.
  • Platte Pipeline, a pipeline running from Casper, Wyoming to Wood River, Illinois.
  • Sand Hills and Southern Hills Pipeline, a pipeline owned by DCP Midstream, Phillips 66, and Spectra Energy equally.

References

  1. "SE Profile | Spectra Energy Corp Common Stoc Stock - Yahoo! Finance". Archived from the original on 2016-04-27. Retrieved 2017-01-17.
  2. FERC pipeline codes Archived 2013-01-20 at the Wayback Machine
  3. Spectra Energy (2015). "Spectra Energy Liquids". Spectra Energy. Archived from the original on 22 August 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  4. "Enbridge and Spectra Energy Complete Merger". Media Centre News Releases. Enbridge. February 27, 2017. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
  5. Campoy, Anna. "S&P changes makeup of indexes". MarketWatch.com.
  6. Midday Leaders & Laggards: S&P 500, forbes.com, Associated Press, 08.06.07
  7. Dawson, Chester; McKinnon, Judy (2016-09-06). "Enbridge to Buy Spectra Energy in $28 Billion Deal". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2016-09-07.
  8. "Green Rankings 2010: U.S. Companies". newsweek.com. Newsweek. Retrieved September 7, 2016.
  9. Christensen, Dan. "Pipeline company with tie to Gov. Scott and state backing, has history of accidents". Miami Herald. Miami, FL. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  10. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (2015). "TEXAS EASTERN TRANSMISSION LP, Main Operator Report". Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  11. Reed, Allen. "Pipeline in Arkansas River ruptures, releases natural gas". Seattle Times. Seattle, WA. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  12. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (2015). "ALGONQUIN GAS TRANSMISSION CO, Main Operator Report". Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  13. Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (2015). "SOUTHEAST SUPPLY HEADER, LLC, Main Operator Report". Department of Transportation. Archived from the original on 21 January 2016. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  14. "From carbon steam to cash flow". Globe and Mail. 2007-03-29. Archived from the original on 2007-04-02. Retrieved 2008-05-18.
  15. "Industry and Clean Air". The Oklahoman. Retrieved 2008-05-18.
  16. National Energy Board (2015). "Administrative Monetary Penalties Regulations". Retrieved 26 August 2015.

External links

Enbridge
Enbridge Pipeline System
Oil pipelines
Natural gas
Unfinished pipelines
Subsidiaries
Oil spills and accidents
Categories: