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| {{short description|Process of producing video content}} | {{short description|Process of producing video content}} | ||
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| '''Video production''' is the process of producing ] content. It is the equivalent of ], but with video recorded either as analog signals on ], digitally in video tape or as computer files stored on optical discs, hard drives, SSDs, magnetic tape or memory cards instead of ]. | |||
| '''Video production''' is the process of producing ] content. It is the equivalent of ], but with images recorded digitally instead of on ]. There are three stages of video production: pre-production, production (also known as principal photography), and post-production. Pre-production involves all of the planning aspects of the video production process before filming begins. This includes scriptwriting, scheduling, logistics, and other administrative duties. Production is the phase of video production which captures the video content (moving ]s / ]) and involves filming the subject(s) of the video. Post-production is the action of selectively combining those video clips through ] into a finished product that tells a story or communicates a message in either a live event setting (live production), or after an event has occurred (post-production). | |||
| Currently, the majority of video content is captured through ] like an ] for consumer grade cameras, or on ] and ] for professional grade cameras. Video content that is distributed digitally often appears in common formats such as the ] format (.mpeg, .mpg, .mp4), ] (.mov), ] (.avi), ] (.wmv), and ] (.avi, .divx). | |||
| ==Types of videos== | |||
| There are many different types of video production. The most common include film and TV production, television commercials, web commercials, corporate videos, product videos, customer testimonial videos, marketing videos, event videos, wedding videos. The term "Video Production" is reserved only for content creation that is taken through all phases of production (Pre-production, Production, and Post-production) and created with a specific audience in mind. A person filming a concert, or their child's band recital with a smartphone or video camera for the sole purpose of capturing the memory would fall under the category of "home video" not video production. | |||
| ==Production scale== | |||
| Production scale is determined by crew size and not the location of the production, or the type of content captured. Crew size in most cases will determine a projects quality and is not a limitation of what kind of content can be captured. There are feature films that have been captured by a crew of just 2 people, and corporate videos that leverage teams of 10 or more. | |||
| Some examples of production scale include: | |||
| *A solo camera operator with a professional video camera in a single-camera setup (aka a "one-man band"). | |||
| *A small crew of 2 people, one for operating the camera and one for capturing audio. | |||
| *A multiple-camera setup shoot with multiple camera operators and a small crew with support staff. | |||
| *A larger scale production with a crew of 5 or more people and a trailer or production truck | |||
| ==Shooting styles and techniques== | |||
| ] | |||
| The same shooting styles used in ] can also be used in video production. There is not a singular type of style that is used for every kind of video content captured. Instead, style changes depending on the type of video being created, and the desired tone and message of the video. | |||
| *Tripods for a stable shots (also called a locked down shot) | |||
| *Hand-held for a more energetic and jittery feel - often used to depict natural movement | |||
| *Non-leveled camera angles see ] | |||
| *] (see the opening of Hot Fuzz) and Whip zoom (see the Kiddo/Driver fight in Kill Bill Vol. 2); | |||
| *Vertical motion shots using a jib or crane often in the beginning or ends of movies. | |||
| *Steadicam for smooth movement and tracking shots at slower speeds such as moving through rooms or following actors and action. | |||
| *3-axis stabilized gimbal for smooth motion shots at any speed. The gimbal compensates for the camera operators movements much like a steadicam but through electronic motors instead of through inertia. The gimbal allows for operators to move much more freely than a steadicam because of the considerably smaller amount of weight used in a gimbal setup. Gimbals can access many places that would be impossible for a steadicam because of this added portability. | |||
| ==Corporate video== | |||
| {{main|Corporate video}} | |||
| Corporate video production can be scripted and covers a wide range of purposes from corporate ], ] and ], videotaping conferences and conventions, products and services, and sales. The most common type of corporate video is the "Corporate Overview Video," which introduces the company's executive team and puts a name and face to the people incharge. This video is used as a way to communicate a company's core beliefs and values as well as their overall mission statement. This video is often called the "foundation" of a company's video content as it sets the tone and communication style for all of their other video content. | |||
| ==Corporate event videos== | |||
| Corporate event videos occur at conventions or trade shows and cover the multiple-day event including speakers, break-out sessions, awards ceremonies and local recreational activities in which the conventioneers participate. An on-site editor then creates a short video presentation that is shown before the close of the convention. Many national or international companies also take advantage of the convention venue to gather interviews of their key employees or customers to speak on the company's behalf as it is much easier to film everyone at a central location. | |||
| ==Product videos== | |||
| Product videos are created with the main purpose of selling a product and offer an opportunity to communicate all of the highlights and features of a product which are typically written on the product page in text but with the added bonus of showcasing glamour shots of the product. The most effective product videos are typically between 2 and 3 minutes in duration, balancing the amount of information provided while keeping the audience engaged. | |||
| ==Television broadcast== | ==Television broadcast== | ||
| {{main|Broadcast}} | {{main|Broadcast}} | ||
| {{See also|Television studio}} | |||
| ] | ] | ||
| Two styles of producing video are ''ENG'' (]) and ''EFP'' (]).{{ |
Two styles of producing video are ''ENG'' (]) and ''EFP'' (]).<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Medoff|first1=Norman|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-fnpAwAAQBAJ&q=Two+styles+of+producing+video+are+ENG+%28Electronic+news-gathering%29+and+EFP+%28Electronic+field+production%29&pg=PT137|title=Portable Video: ENG & EFP|last2=Fink|first2=Edward J.|date=2012-09-10|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-136-04770-1|language=en}}</ref> | ||
| Television broadcast productions include ], ]s, ]s, ],{{clarify|date=April 2018}} ], ], ], and ]s, among others.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} | |||
| Shows can be distributed by ]. SP video production was the ] standard from the early 1980s up until the beginning of the 21st century, when many ]s began using digital media to shoot, transmit, and store ] (HD) footage.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} | |||
| ==Event video== | |||
| {{main|Event videography}} | |||
| Video production can be used at sporting, school, stage, wedding, church, and similar events to provide recordings of the events. Event video productions range in distribution from a wedding video that is custom made for a bride and groom and their immediate family and friends, to a dance recital where dozens to hundreds of videos are sold to individual dancers. Event video production can also be used to broadcast events live to viewers at home such as a press conference or concert. Video of live events can be sent by microwave or a ] from the event location to a television studio in order to be broadcast. Event video usually refers to video made on an event, and has some sort of currency, for example news<ref>Zettl, Herbert. Video Basics 6. Belmont: Wadsworth Publishing, 2009.</ref> | |||
| ==Video production for distance education == | ==Video production for distance education == | ||
| Video production for distance education is the process of capturing, editing, and presenting educational material specifically for use in on-line education. Teachers integrate best practice teaching techniques to create scripts, organize content, capture video footage, edit footage using computer based video editing software to deliver final educational material over the Internet. It differs from other types of video production in at least three ways:<ref name="moore2012" /> | Video production for distance education is the process of capturing, editing, and presenting educational material specifically for use in on-line education. Teachers integrate best practice teaching techniques to create scripts, organize content, capture video footage, edit footage using computer based video editing software to deliver final educational material over the Internet. It differs from other types of video production in at least three ways:<ref name="moore2012">Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, M. G. (2012). 'Distance education: A systems view of on line learning'. (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning.</ref> | ||
| *It augments traditional teaching tools used in on-line educational programs. | *It augments traditional teaching tools used in on-line educational programs. | ||
| *It may incorporate motion video with sound, computer animations, stills, and other digital media. | *It may incorporate motion video with sound, computer animations, stills, and other digital media. | ||
| *Capture of content may include use of cell phone integrated cameras and extend to commercial high-definition Broadcast quality cameras. | *Capture of content may include use of cell phone integrated cameras and extend to commercial high-definition Broadcast quality cameras. | ||
| The primary purpose of using video in distance education is to improve understanding and comprehension in a synchronous or asynchronous manner.<ref name="moore2012">Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, M. G. (2012). 'Distance education: A systems view of on line learning'. (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning.</ref> | |||
| ] is also being used in education for distance learning projects; one innovative use was the ''DiveLive'' programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.ncdcr.gov/cdm/ref/collection/p249901coll22/id/695248|title=Live from Morehead City, it's Queen Anne's Revenge|work=ncdcr.gov}}</ref> | ] is also being used in education for distance learning projects; one innovative use was the ''DiveLive'' programs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://digital.ncdcr.gov/cdm/ref/collection/p249901coll22/id/695248|title=Live from Morehead City, it's Queen Anne's Revenge|work=ncdcr.gov}}</ref> | ||
| For example, ] details an exploration of a notable shipwreck: <blockquote>"In the fall of 2000 Rick Allen's Nautilus Productions co-produced with Bill Lovin of Marine Grafics a groundbreaking, week long live internet broadcast known as ''QAR DiveLive'' from the ] wreck site. For the first time ever, live video and audio was broadcast from an underwater archaeological site to the ]. Students were able to watch the ] in real time and ask questions of the scientists exploring the ]. The twice-daily live distance learning programs reached an estimated 1600 students from as far away as Canada during the five days of broadcasting. In October of 2001 Allen and Lovin again co-produced ''QAR DiveLive 2001''. This time the interactive webcasts from the seafloor and conservation laboratories of the '']'' Shipwreck Project reached over 3600 students and another 2700 remote viewers from fifteen states and 2 countries during the five days of broadcasts."<ref>{{cite web|title=Queen Anne's Revenge|url=http://nautilusproductions.com/archaeology|website=Nautilus Productions}}</ref></blockquote> | |||
| ==Internet video production== | ==Internet video production== | ||
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| ].]] | ].]] | ||
| Increasing internet speeds, the transition to digital from physical formats such as tape to file-based media and the availability of ] services has increased use of the internet to provision services previously delivered ] in the context of commercial content creation. In some cases the lower costs of equivalent services in the cloud has driven adoption and in others the greater scope for collaboration and time savings.<ref>{{cite web |title=Will facilities ever go completely cloud-based|url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/tech/will-facilities-ever-go-completely-cloud-based/5127033.article|date=26 February 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Price, Allison|title=Shifting Gears: How cloud is revolutionizing TV post-production|url=https://www.digitalfilmtree.com/shifting-gears-how-cloud-is-revolutionizing-tv-post-production/|date=15 June 2015|language=en}}</ref> | Increasing internet speeds, the transition to digital from physical formats such as tape to file-based media and the availability of ] services has increased use of the internet to provision services previously delivered ] in the context of commercial content creation for example ]. In some cases the lower costs of equivalent services in the cloud has driven adoption and in others the greater scope for collaboration and time savings.<ref>{{cite web |title=Will facilities ever go completely cloud-based|url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/tech/will-facilities-ever-go-completely-cloud-based/5127033.article|date=26 February 2018|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Price, Allison|title=Shifting Gears: How cloud is revolutionizing TV post-production|url=https://www.digitalfilmtree.com/shifting-gears-how-cloud-is-revolutionizing-tv-post-production/|date=15 June 2015|language=en}}</ref> | ||
| Many web sites include videos. Although not necessarily produced online, many video production tools allow the production of videos without actually using a physical camera. An example of this is using the ] video editor to create a video using pre-existing video content that is held on the platform under ] license.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} | |||
| Video content is being used in an ever-growing range of contexts, including testimonial videos, ], help section videos, ], parodies, product demonstrations, training videos, thank you videos, and apology videos. | |||
| Marketing videos are made on the basis of the campaign target. Explainer videos are used for explaining a product, commercial videos for introducing a company, sales videos for selling a product, and social media videos for brand awareness. | |||
| ⚫ | Individual Internet marketing videos are primarily produced in-house and by small ], while a large volume of videos are produced by big media companies, ] production marketplaces, or in scalable video production platforms.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Advantages of Individual Marketing |url=https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-individual-marketing-31178.html | |
||
| ⚫ | Individual Internet marketing videos are primarily produced in-house and by small ], while a large volume of videos are produced by big media companies, ] production marketplaces, or in scalable video production platforms.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Advantages of Individual Marketing |url=https://smallbusiness.chron.com/advantages-individual-marketing-31178.html |access-date=31 May 2019 |language=en}}</ref> | ||
| Most Internet marketing videos serve the purpose of interacting with the audience. The two main types of internet marketing videos are transactional videos, which aim to sell a product to a customer, and reference videos, which are designed to keep the customer on the site. | |||
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| *] | |||
| *] | |||
| *] | *] | ||
| *] | *] | ||
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| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| *{{Commons category-inline|Video |
*{{Commons category-inline|Video productions}} | ||
| *{{curlie|Business/Arts_and_Entertainment/Media_Production/Video|Video production}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Video Production}} | {{DEFAULTSORT:Video Production}} | ||
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Latest revision as of 15:06, 8 December 2024
Process of producing video content | This article may need to be rewritten to comply with Misplaced Pages's quality standards. You can help. The talk page may contain suggestions. (August 2020) |
Video production is the process of producing video content. It is the equivalent of filmmaking, but with video recorded either as analog signals on videotape, digitally in video tape or as computer files stored on optical discs, hard drives, SSDs, magnetic tape or memory cards instead of film stock.
Television broadcast
Main article: Broadcast See also: Television studio
Two styles of producing video are ENG (Electronic news-gathering) and EFP (Electronic field production).
Video production for distance education
Video production for distance education is the process of capturing, editing, and presenting educational material specifically for use in on-line education. Teachers integrate best practice teaching techniques to create scripts, organize content, capture video footage, edit footage using computer based video editing software to deliver final educational material over the Internet. It differs from other types of video production in at least three ways:
- It augments traditional teaching tools used in on-line educational programs.
- It may incorporate motion video with sound, computer animations, stills, and other digital media.
- Capture of content may include use of cell phone integrated cameras and extend to commercial high-definition Broadcast quality cameras.
Webcasting is also being used in education for distance learning projects; one innovative use was the DiveLive programs.
Internet video production
Main article: Internet videoIncreasing internet speeds, the transition to digital from physical formats such as tape to file-based media and the availability of cloud-based video services has increased use of the internet to provision services previously delivered on-premise in the context of commercial content creation for example video editing. In some cases the lower costs of equivalent services in the cloud has driven adoption and in others the greater scope for collaboration and time savings.
Individual Internet marketing videos are primarily produced in-house and by small media agencies, while a large volume of videos are produced by big media companies, crowdsourced production marketplaces, or in scalable video production platforms.
See also
References
- Medoff, Norman; Fink, Edward J. (2012-09-10). Portable Video: ENG & EFP. CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-136-04770-1.
- Moore, M. G., & Kearsley, M. G. (2012). 'Distance education: A systems view of on line learning'. (3rd ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth/Cengage Learning.
- "Live from Morehead City, it's Queen Anne's Revenge". ncdcr.gov.
- "Will facilities ever go completely cloud-based". 26 February 2018.
- Price, Allison (15 June 2015). "Shifting Gears: How cloud is revolutionizing TV post-production".
- "The Advantages of Individual Marketing". Retrieved 31 May 2019.
External links
Media related to Video productions at Wikimedia Commons
