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{{Short description|One hundred years, from 1400 BC to 1301 BC}}
{{redirect|1300s BC|the decade|1300s BC (decade)}} {{redirect|1300s BC|the decade|1300s BC (decade)}}
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}
{{Centurybox|-14}} {{Centurybox|-14}}
The '''14th century BC''' is a ] which lasted from the year 1400 BC until 1301 BC. The '''14th century BC''' was the ] that lasted from the year 1400 BC until 1301 BC.


==Events== ==Events==
* 1350 – 1250 BC: the Bajío phase of the ] site in ]; large public buildings are constructed.<ref>{{Cite book |first1=Victoria |last1=Bricker |first2=Jeremy A. |last2=Sabloff |title=Supplement to the Handbook of Middle American Indians |volume=1 |publisher=University of Texas Press |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-292-74441-7 |page=376}}</ref>
* Pastoral nomadism develops in the steppes of ]; cattle are watched on horseback.<ref>{{Cite book |language=fr |first1=Hervé |last1=Beaumont |title=Asie centrale |publisher=Editions Marcus |year=2008 |isbn=978-2-7131-0228-8 |page=101}}</ref>

===Middle East and Africa===
]
]]] ]]]
* 1400 – 1250 BC: the heyday of the ]n city of ].<ref name="Papin">{{Cite book |first=Yves Denis |last=Papin |title=Chronologie de l'histoire ancienne |language=fr |publisher=Éditions Jean-paul Gisserot |year=1998 |isbn=978-2-87747-346-0 |page=12}}</ref> ] is attested by Ugaritic texts.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Frank |last=Lalou |title=Les 22 clés de l'alphabet hébraïque |language=fr |publisher=Desclée De Brouwer |year=2016 |isbn=978-2-220-02025-9 |page=38}}</ref>
* c. 1380 – ]: the reign of ], who leads the ] to its peak.<ref name="GRoux">{{Cite book |first=Georges |last=Roux |title=La Mésopotamie |language=fr |publisher=Seuil |year=1995 |isbn=978-2-02-008632-5 |page=559}}</ref> Šuppiluliuma I conquers the weakened ] kingdom of ] in the second half of the century. ] is emancipated under ].<ref>{{Cite book |language=fr |first1=Jacques |last1=Freu |first2=Michel |last2=Mazoyer |title=L'apogée du nouvel empire hittite |publisher=L'Harmattan |year=2008 |isbn=978-2-296-21119-3 |page=13}}</ref>
* 1372 – 1350 BC: Akhetaton (]) is constructed as the ephemeral capital of the pharaoh ] and dedicated to the sun god ]. It is abandoned a few years after Akhenaten's death.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Simpson |first=William Kelly |author-link=William Kelly Simpson |title=The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt |publisher=] |year=1998 |isbn=978-0-300-07747-6 |page=181}}</ref>
* c. 1325 BC: Pharaoh ] dies and is buried in a richly furnished tomb in the ].<ref name="GRoux"/>
* c. 1320 – 1295 BC: the sinking of the ] in the ] south of modern-day ].<ref>{{Cite book |first1=Harry |last1=Fokkens |first2=Anthony |last2=Harding |title=The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age |publisher=OUP Oxford |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-19-957286-1 |page=383}}</ref>
* ]n pirates from southwest ] raid the kingdom of ] in ]. They are employed as mercenaries by the Hittites and take part in the ].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Nancy H. |last=Demand |title=The Mediterranean Context of Early Greek History |publisher=] |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-4443-4234-5 |page=206}}</ref>
* An Ugaritic '']'', with its embossed decoration in concentric zones and hunting scenes, reveals an exceptional level in goldsmithing.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Bénédicte |last=Ottinger |title=L'art et la chasse |language=fr |publisher=Renaissance Du Livre |year=2002 |isbn=978-2-8046-0679-4 |page=12}}</ref>


===Europe===
* ]: ], legendary ], dies after a reign of 40 years and is succeeded by his son ] of ].
* c. 1400 – 1300 BC:
* ]: In ], emergence of the ]ns as an independent power.
** A glacial rise is attested by the ] of the glacier of ].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Robert |last=Vivian |title=Les glaciers du Mont-Blanc |language=fr |publisher=La Fontaine de Siloë |year=2005 |isbn=978-2-84206-285-9 |page=20}}</ref>
* ]: ] ] of ] marries ], his ].
** Phase III A of the ] ].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Claude |last=Baurain |title=Les Grecs et la Méditerranée orientale : des siècles "obscurs" à la fin de l'époque archaïque |language=fr |publisher=Presses universitaires de France |year=1997 |page=60}}</ref> Contacts with the ] are established at ], ], Scoglio del Tonno in the ], and ] on the ].<ref>{{Cite book |first1=Claude |last1=Mossé |first2=Annie |last2=Schnapp-Gourbeillon |title=Précis d'histoire grecque |language=fr |publisher=Armand Colin |year=2009 |isbn=978-2-200-28392-6 |page=69}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |first=Jean MacIntosh |last=Turfa |title=The Etruscan World |publisher=] |year=2014 |isbn=978-1-134-05523-4 |page=198}}</ref>
* ]: ] connects the ] and the ] with a canal.
* 1400 – 1370 BC: phase III A1 of the ] period in Greece.<ref name="Feuer">{{Cite book |first=Bryan |last=Feuer |title=Mycenaean Civilization |publisher=] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-7864-2698-0 |page=6}}</ref> Palaces are constructed in ] and ].<ref name="Poursat">{{Cite book |first=Jean-Claude |last=Poursat |title=La Grèce préclassique |language=fr |publisher=Points |year=2014 |isbn=978-2-7578-4500-4 |page=49}}</ref> ], which transcribes an ], appears in the palace of ] at the end of Phase III A1 of the ] period.<ref>{{Cite book |first=Rina |last=Viers |title=Des signes pictographiques à l'alphabet : la communication écrite en Méditerranée : actes du colloque, 14 et 15 mai 1996, Villa grecque Kérylos, Fondation Théodore Reinach (Beaulieu-sur-mer) |language=fr |publisher=Karthala |year=2000 |isbn=978-2-86537-996-5 |page=219}}</ref>
* ]: The ] conquer all of the Kingdom of ] west of the ]. (J.M. Roberts, The New History of the World (2003), p 84.)
* 1370 – 1340 BC: phase III A2 of the ] period in Greece.<ref name="Feuer"/>
* ]: Danish ] is buried.
* 1340 – 1190 BC: phase III B of the ] period in Greece.<ref name="Feuer"/> ]s are constructed in ] and ],<ref>{{Cite book |first1=Nicolas |last1=Platon |first2=Béatrice |last2=de Tournay |title=La Civilisation égéenne : Le Bronze récent et la civilisation mycénienne |volume=2 |language=fr |publisher=Albin Michel |year=1981 |isbn=978-2-226-22522-1 |page=382}}</ref> and a palace is constructed in ].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Roland |last=Étienne |title=Athènes, espaces urbains et histoire |language=fr |publisher=Hachette Éducation |year=2004 |isbn=978-2-01-181444-9 |page=PT22}}</ref>
* ]: ] is reportedly killed by ] after a reign of 50 years and is succeeded by his younger brother ].
* 1380 – 1120 BC: a Mycenaean sanctuary is built in ].<ref name="Poursat"/>
* ]: Pharaoh ] of ] begins his Cult of ] and begins construction of ] intended to be his new capital. {{further|Amarna letters}}
* c. 1370 BC: the ] is created in ].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Ann |last=Suter |title=Lament |publisher=] |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-19-971427-8 |page=77}}</ref>
* ]: Amenhotep IV renames himself ].
* c. 1350 – 1330 BC: the reconstruction of the palace and ] enclosure at ], then at its peak under the reign of the legendary king and queen ] and ].<ref>{{Cite book |first=Paul |last=Faure |author-link1=Paul Faure (archaeologist) |first2=Marie-Jeanne |last2=Gaignerot |title=Guide grec antique |publisher=Hachette Éducation Technique |year=1991 |isbn=978-2-01-181766-2 |page=PT65}}</ref>
* ]: Akhenaten names ] as a co-ruler.
* c. ]: ] becomes Pharaoh of Egypt and marries ], daughter and wife of his predecessor ].
* ]: Tutankhaten renames himself to ] and abandons ], returning the capital to ].
* ]: Pharaoh ] is crowned king of ]
* ]: Egypt: End of ], start of ].
* ]: The ] is written, according to some ] traditions.
* ]: ], King of Athens, dies after a reign of 40 years and is succeeded by his son ]. Pandion II was later driven into exile from Athens by the sons of Cecrops II's brother (or possibly nephew) ], so that Metion could take power. Pandion II fled to ], where he married the King's daughter and eventually inherited the throne. After his death, Pandion II's sons returned to Athens and drove out the sons of Metion.
* ]: ] becomes king of ].
* ]: ] moved the capital of ] to ].
* c. ]: Rise of the ].

==Significant persons==

Although many human societies were literate in this period, some individual persons mentioned in this article ought to be considered ]ary rather than historical.

* ]—Birth of ] to Egyptian nobleman ] and his wife ]. She later becomes the ] of ] ] of ] and the ] of the ] family. (approximate date).
* ]—Possible Birth of Prophet Moses
* ]—Pharaoh ] started to rule.
* ]—Death of ], mythical King of ].
* ]—Birth of Princess ] to ], King of ] and his ]. She will be later married to ] and after his death to his son and heir ]. She is variously identified with Akhenaton's Queens ] and ].
* ]—] rises to the throne of ].
* ]—Birth of the later ] ] to ] and his Queen ].
* ]—] ] rises to the throne of ].
* ]/]—Birth of ], later ] of ] as ] (approximate date).
* ]—Queen ] of ], Chief Queen of ] and ] of the ] family, vanishes from the historical record. Presumed death.
* ]—Queen ] of ] vanishes from the historical record. Presumed death.
* 1334 BC/]—Death of ], ] of ] and co-ruler with ].
* 1334 BC/1333 BC—Death of ], ] of ].
* ]—Death of ] ] of ].
* ]—Birth of later ] ] of ] (approximate date).
* ]—] of ].
* 1300s BC—] of ].
* ], king of the ].


==References==
==Sovereign states==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
{{main|List of sovereign states in the 14th century BC}}
{{Commonscatinline}}


{{Decades and years}} {{Decades and years}}

Latest revision as of 16:03, 1 December 2024

One hundred years, from 1400 BC to 1301 BC "1300s BC" redirects here. For the decade, see 1300s BC (decade).
Millennium
2nd millennium BC
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Births – Deaths
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The 14th century BC was the century that lasted from the year 1400 BC until 1301 BC.

Events

  • 1350 – 1250 BC: the Bajío phase of the San Lorenzo site in Mexico; large public buildings are constructed.
  • Pastoral nomadism develops in the steppes of Central Asia; cattle are watched on horseback.

Middle East and Africa

The Near East c. 1400 BC
The northern Colossus of Memnon

Europe

References

  1. Bricker, Victoria; Sabloff, Jeremy A. (2012). Supplement to the Handbook of Middle American Indians. Vol. 1. University of Texas Press. p. 376. ISBN 978-0-292-74441-7.
  2. Beaumont, Hervé (2008). Asie centrale (in French). Editions Marcus. p. 101. ISBN 978-2-7131-0228-8.
  3. Papin, Yves Denis (1998). Chronologie de l'histoire ancienne (in French). Éditions Jean-paul Gisserot. p. 12. ISBN 978-2-87747-346-0.
  4. Lalou, Frank (2016). Les 22 clés de l'alphabet hébraïque (in French). Desclée De Brouwer. p. 38. ISBN 978-2-220-02025-9.
  5. ^ Roux, Georges (1995). La Mésopotamie (in French). Seuil. p. 559. ISBN 978-2-02-008632-5.
  6. Freu, Jacques; Mazoyer, Michel (2008). L'apogée du nouvel empire hittite (in French). L'Harmattan. p. 13. ISBN 978-2-296-21119-3.
  7. Simpson, William Kelly (1998). The Art and Architecture of Ancient Egypt. Yale University Press. p. 181. ISBN 978-0-300-07747-6.
  8. Fokkens, Harry; Harding, Anthony (2013). The Oxford Handbook of the European Bronze Age. OUP Oxford. p. 383. ISBN 978-0-19-957286-1.
  9. Demand, Nancy H. (2011). The Mediterranean Context of Early Greek History. John Wiley & Sons. p. 206. ISBN 978-1-4443-4234-5.
  10. Ottinger, Bénédicte (2002). L'art et la chasse (in French). Renaissance Du Livre. p. 12. ISBN 978-2-8046-0679-4.
  11. Vivian, Robert (2005). Les glaciers du Mont-Blanc (in French). La Fontaine de Siloë. p. 20. ISBN 978-2-84206-285-9.
  12. Baurain, Claude (1997). Les Grecs et la Méditerranée orientale : des siècles "obscurs" à la fin de l'époque archaïque (in French). Presses universitaires de France. p. 60.
  13. Mossé, Claude; Schnapp-Gourbeillon, Annie (2009). Précis d'histoire grecque (in French). Armand Colin. p. 69. ISBN 978-2-200-28392-6.
  14. Turfa, Jean MacIntosh (2014). The Etruscan World. Routledge. p. 198. ISBN 978-1-134-05523-4.
  15. ^ Feuer, Bryan (2004). Mycenaean Civilization. McFarland. p. 6. ISBN 978-0-7864-2698-0.
  16. ^ Poursat, Jean-Claude (2014). La Grèce préclassique (in French). Points. p. 49. ISBN 978-2-7578-4500-4.
  17. Viers, Rina (2000). Des signes pictographiques à l'alphabet : la communication écrite en Méditerranée : actes du colloque, 14 et 15 mai 1996, Villa grecque Kérylos, Fondation Théodore Reinach (Beaulieu-sur-mer) (in French). Karthala. p. 219. ISBN 978-2-86537-996-5.
  18. Platon, Nicolas; de Tournay, Béatrice (1981). La Civilisation égéenne : Le Bronze récent et la civilisation mycénienne (in French). Vol. 2. Albin Michel. p. 382. ISBN 978-2-226-22522-1.
  19. Étienne, Roland (2004). Athènes, espaces urbains et histoire (in French). Hachette Éducation. p. PT22. ISBN 978-2-01-181444-9.
  20. Suter, Ann (2008). Lament. Oxford University Press. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-19-971427-8.
  21. Faure, Paul; Gaignerot, Marie-Jeanne (1991). Guide grec antique. Hachette Éducation Technique. p. PT65. ISBN 978-2-01-181766-2.

External links

Media related to 14th century BC at Wikimedia Commons

Decades and years
14th century BC
16th century BC ← 15th century BC ← ↔ → 13th century BC → 12th century BC
1400s BC 1409 BC 1408 BC 1407 BC 1406 BC 1405 BC 1404 BC 1403 BC 1402 BC 1401 BC 1400 BC
1390s BC 1399 BC 1398 BC 1397 BC 1396 BC 1395 BC 1394 BC 1393 BC 1392 BC 1391 BC 1390 BC
1380s BC 1389 BC 1388 BC 1387 BC 1386 BC 1385 BC 1384 BC 1383 BC 1382 BC 1381 BC 1380 BC
1370s BC 1379 BC 1378 BC 1377 BC 1376 BC 1375 BC 1374 BC 1373 BC 1372 BC 1371 BC 1370 BC
1360s BC 1369 BC 1368 BC 1367 BC 1366 BC 1365 BC 1364 BC 1363 BC 1362 BC 1361 BC 1360 BC
1350s BC 1359 BC 1358 BC 1357 BC 1356 BC 1355 BC 1354 BC 1353 BC 1352 BC 1351 BC 1350 BC
1340s BC 1349 BC 1348 BC 1347 BC 1346 BC 1345 BC 1344 BC 1343 BC 1342 BC 1341 BC 1340 BC
1330s BC 1339 BC 1338 BC 1337 BC 1336 BC 1335 BC 1334 BC 1333 BC 1332 BC 1331 BC 1330 BC
1320s BC 1329 BC 1328 BC 1327 BC 1326 BC 1325 BC 1324 BC 1323 BC 1322 BC 1321 BC 1320 BC
1310s BC 1319 BC 1318 BC 1317 BC 1316 BC 1315 BC 1314 BC 1313 BC 1312 BC 1311 BC 1310 BC
1300s BC 1309 BC 1308 BC 1307 BC 1306 BC 1305 BC 1304 BC 1303 BC 1302 BC 1301 BC 1300 BC
1290s BC 1299 BC 1298 BC 1297 BC 1296 BC 1295 BC 1294 BC 1293 BC 1292 BC 1291 BC 1290 BC
Centuries and millennia
Millennium Century
BC (BCE)
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2nd 20th 19th 18th 17th 16th 15th 14th 13th 12th 11th
1st 10th 9th 8th 7th 6th 5th 4th 3rd 2nd 1st
AD (CE)
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