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| {{Short description|Market town in Cumbria, England}} | |||
| {{distinguish|text=], Scotland or ], Leicestershire}} | {{distinguish|text=], Scotland or ], Leicestershire}} | ||
| {{for|the locality in Australia|Wigton, Queensland}} | {{for|the locality in Australia|Wigton, Queensland}} | ||
| Line 4: | Line 5: | ||
| {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}} | {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}} | ||
| {{Infobox UK place | {{Infobox UK place | ||
| |country |
| country = England | ||
| |coordinates = {{coord|54.823|-3.159|display=inline,title}} | | coordinates = {{coord|54.823|-3.159|display=inline,title}} | ||
| |official_name |
| official_name = Wigton | ||
| |population |
| population = 5,831 | ||
| |population_ref |
| population_ref = ''(2011)''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Town/Ward parish population 2011 |url=http://www.ukcensusdata.com/wigton-e05003144#sthash.SUI3t7fD.dpbs |access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref> | ||
| | civil_parish = Wigton <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wigtontown.com//|title=Wigton Town}}</ref> | |||
| |civil_parish= Wigton | |||
| | unitary_england = ] | |||
| |shire_district= ] | |||
| | |
| lieutenancy_england = ] | ||
| |region |
| region = North West England | ||
| |constituency_westminster= |
| constituency_westminster = ] | ||
| |post_town |
| post_town = WIGTON | ||
| |postcode_district |
| postcode_district = CA7 | ||
| |postcode_area |
| postcode_area = CA | ||
| |dial_code |
| dial_code = 016973 | ||
| |os_grid_reference |
| os_grid_reference = NY255481 | ||
| |static_image_name = St Mary's Church, Wigton - geograph.org.uk - 286321.jpg | | static_image_name = St Mary's Church, Wigton - geograph.org.uk - 286321.jpg | ||
| |static_image_caption= St. Mary's Church | | static_image_caption = St. Mary's Church | ||
| | pushpin_map = United Kingdom Allerdale | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Allerdale | |||
| ⚫ | }} | ||
| '''Wigton''' is a ] in |
'''Wigton''' is a ] in ], ], England. It lies just outside the ]. Wigton is at the centre of the ], between the Caldbeck Fells and the Solway coast. It is served by ] on the ], and the ] to ]. The town of ] lies {{convert|12|mi|km|0}} to the west, beyond ]. | ||
| ==Etymology== | ==Etymology== | ||
| Wigton is "Wicga's tūn"<ref>{{Cite book| |
Wigton is "Wicga's tūn".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Armstrong |first=A. M. |title=The place-names of Cumberland |last2=Mawer |first2=A. |last3=Stenton |first3=F. M. |last4=Dickens |first4=B. |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1950 |series=English Place-Name Society, vol.xx |volume=Part 1 |location=Cambridge |page=166}}</ref> "Wicga" is an ] pre-7th-century personal name meaning "a beetle" (as in "]"), while "tūn" is Old English for a demarcated plot, a "homestead" or "village", so Wigton is "the hamlet belonging to Wicga". | ||
| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| On the |
On the ] and Wiza Beck (] being a dialect word meaning "brook" or "stream" – from the Old Norse ''bekkr''), the market town of Wigton is an ancient settlement and evolved from a pre-medieval street plan, which can still be traced today. | ||
| The Romans had a cavalry station, Maglona, known locally as ], just to the south of the town with a large vicus (civilian settlement) associated with it. The fort was approximately half-way between Carlisle and the Roman settlement of ] (now known as ]), linked by the Roman road that is now the A595. From this location they could react to incursions from north of ], using the Roman road to sally east or west before traversing northward across the countryside. | The Romans had a cavalry station, Maglona, known locally as ], just to the south of the town with a large vicus (civilian settlement) associated with it. The fort was approximately half-way between Carlisle and the Roman settlement of ] (now known as ]), linked by the Roman road that is now the A595. From this location they could react to incursions from north of ], using the Roman road to sally east or west before traversing northward across the countryside. | ||
| In the period of late antiquity after Roman rule, Wigton was within the native British ]. Probably of ] origin, Wigton was an established settlement in the ] long before the Normans arrived in the area. Wigton and most of then Cumberland were a part of Scotland in 1086 when the ] was written for ], so are not included in it. | In the period of late antiquity after Roman rule, Wigton was within the native British ]. Probably of ] origin, Wigton was an established settlement in the ] long before the Normans arrived in the area. Wigton and most of then Cumberland were a part of Scotland in 1086 when the ] was written for ], so are not included in it. | ||
| The Norman invaders created the County of Carlisle, building ] in ] in 1092 for its administrative centre. Odard de Logis became ]'s Sheriff of Carlisle and was made Baron of Wigton about 1100 AD<ref>source: Testa de Nevill 1212 quoted in Higham p5</ref> when it became a Norman barony. Wigton gained its market charter in 1262.<ref>source: Quo warranto Inquest c1292 quoted by Higham p6</ref> The de Logis barons changed their surname to de Wigton around 1208 but the male line of the family died out in 1348, so the manor passed to the Barony of Cockermouth. Although the town's layout is generally Anglian or medieval, its architecture is mainly in the 18th-century ] style which remains largely intact. | The Norman invaders created the County of Carlisle, building ] in ] in 1092 for its administrative centre. Odard de Logis became ]'s Sheriff of Carlisle and was made Baron of Wigton about 1100 AD<ref>source: Testa de Nevill 1212 quoted in Higham p5</ref> when it became a Norman barony. Wigton gained its market charter in 1262.<ref>source: Quo warranto Inquest c1292 quoted by Higham p6</ref> The de Logis barons changed their surname to de Wigton around 1208 but the male line of the family died out in 1348, so the manor passed to the Barony of Cockermouth. Although the town's layout is generally Anglian or medieval, its architecture is mainly in the 18th-century ] style which remains largely intact. | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| In the middle of Wigton's market place is the ] Memorial Fountain built in 1872; of particular interest are the four bronzes around the fountain, the work of the Pre-Raphaelite sculptor ]. These depict the "four acts of mercy". St Mary's Church dates from 1788, but there was a church on this site from the 12th century. (source: 'A New Illustrated History of Wigton'<ref>{{Cite book|last=Higham|first=J.|title=A New Illustrated History of Wigton |
In the middle of Wigton's market place is the ] Memorial Fountain built in 1872; of particular interest are the four bronzes around the fountain, the work of the Pre-Raphaelite sculptor ]. These depict the "four acts of mercy". St Mary's Church dates from 1788, but there was a church on this site from the 12th century. (source: 'A New Illustrated History of Wigton'<ref>{{Cite book |last=Higham |first=J. |title=A New Illustrated History of Wigton |publisher=Bookcase |year=1993 |location=Carlisle}}</ref>) | ||
| A private secondary school, the ] (also called the Friends' School or Brookfield) was founded to the north of the town in 1815 with an initial enrolment of eight pupils. After reaching a maximum enrolment of 250 or so in the 1970s and 1980s, the school closed, following sustained drop-off in student numbers and, finally, damage by fire.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.btinternet.com/~bullseye/wosa/The_School/the_school.html | |
A private secondary school, the ] (also called the Friends' School or Brookfield) was founded to the north of the town in 1815 with an initial enrolment of eight pupils. After reaching a maximum enrolment of 250 or so in the 1970s and 1980s, the school closed, following sustained drop-off in student numbers and, finally, damage by fire.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Friends' School, Wigton (Brookfield) |url=http://www.btinternet.com/~bullseye/wosa/The_School/the_school.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721160444/http://www.btinternet.com/~bullseye/wosa/The_School/the_school.html |archive-date=21 July 2012 |access-date=11 September 2010 |publisher=Wigton Old Scholars Association |df=dmy}}</ref> | ||
| The appearance of the church owes much to the vision of Rev John Ford (father of the broadcaster ]) in the 1950s, when he had gravestones laid flat and the interior painted in the present colours. Highmoor Bell tower, built during the ] and completed in 1887, played tunes three times daily. | The appearance of the church owes much to the vision of Rev John Ford (father of the broadcaster ]) in the 1950s, when he had gravestones laid flat and the interior painted in the present colours. Highmoor Bell tower, built during the ] and completed in 1887, played tunes three times daily. | ||
| ===Fiddleback Farm=== | ===Fiddleback Farm=== | ||
| Fiddleback Farm, a Grade II* ], is situated approximately 100 yards to the west of the A595. Its site was used, amongst other purposes, for supplying provisions and materials from "Old Carlisle" to ]. It is thought that the farm site was the first "Mile Station" from Old Carlisle. Regarding Fiddleback, the building was originally fortified to repel invading Celts. It later become a place of worship. Constructed in the shape of a fiddle, it was built about 300 years ago, along with two other buildings in the shape of musical instruments by a wealthy and eccentric land-owner. During renovation works, the ] was discovered above one of the old entrance doorways. Another Grade 2 listed building, constructed in the shape of an ], still stands. A third, built in the shape of a banjo, was demolished for unknown reasons in the 1920s.<ref>{{ |
Fiddleback Farm, a Grade II* ], is situated approximately 100 yards to the west of the A595. Its site was used, amongst other purposes, for supplying provisions and materials from "Old Carlisle" to ]. It is thought that the farm site was the first "Mile Station" from Old Carlisle. Regarding Fiddleback, the building was originally fortified to repel invading Celts. It later become a place of worship. Constructed in the shape of a fiddle, it was built about 300 years ago, along with two other buildings in the shape of musical instruments by a wealthy and eccentric land-owner. During renovation works, the ] was discovered above one of the old entrance doorways. Another Grade 2 listed building, constructed in the shape of an ], still stands. A third, built in the shape of a banjo, was demolished for unknown reasons in the 1920s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Maycock |first=Lorraine & Ian |title=The History of Fiddleback Farm |url=http://www.fiddlebackfarm.co.uk/html/history.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180902091953/https://www.fiddlebackfarm.co.uk/html/history.html |archive-date=2018-09-02 |access-date=2023-10-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | ||
| ==Geography== | ==Geography== | ||
| Wigton today is a |
Wigton today is a market town, with livestock auctions being held regularly at Hopes Auction Company. The main employer is ]. | ||
| The town has its own secondary school, called ], which is a |
The town has its own secondary school, called ], which is a ] with close links to the Innovia factory. | ||
| In 2004 the town was the first settlement in the United Kingdom to enforce a ] on teenagers under the age of 16.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} It was in place for two weeks, and its aim was to reduce the amount of vandalism in the town centre. It followed nightly vandalism campaigns, which included smashed shop fronts, as well as intimidation of elderly members of the community. The curfew attracted national attention, with the local secondary school receiving visits from agencies such as Sky News. It had some effect, with less vandalism taking place ever since. | In 2004 the town was the first settlement in the United Kingdom to enforce a ] on teenagers under the age of 16.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}} It was in place for two weeks, and its aim was to reduce the amount of vandalism in the town centre. It followed nightly vandalism campaigns, which included smashed shop fronts, as well as intimidation of elderly members of the community. The curfew attracted national attention, with the local secondary school receiving visits from agencies such as Sky News. It had some effect, with less vandalism taking place ever since. | ||
| ==Industry== | ==Industry== | ||
| Wigton's principal employer is the ] (locally known as ''The Factory'') in the centre of the town. In 1936 the ''British New Wrap Co Ltd'' was formed in Wigton, |
Wigton's principal employer is the ] (locally known as ''The Factory'') in the centre of the town. In 1936 the ''British New Wrap Co Ltd'' was formed in Wigton, Cumberland, and production of cellulose film began at the site which had previously been a jam-making facility, and then set up to produce "artificial silk" or ]. In 1936 the company changed its name to ''British Rayophane Ltd''. The company's main products are: | ||
| * Labels and graphics | * Labels and graphics | ||
| * Cellophane and Propafilm – bubble-produced BOPP film | * Cellophane and Propafilm – bubble-produced BOPP film | ||
| Line 62: | Line 65: | ||
| * UV-resistant films – for promotional and POS/POP graphics | * UV-resistant films – for promotional and POS/POP graphics | ||
| ⚫ | Wigton is the headquarters of the ]. | ||
| Wigton is also home to: | |||
| * Reays Coaches is based in Wigton and employs around 200 staff. | |||
| ==Media== | |||
| * VV Rouleaux, supplier of ribbons and tie-backs, operates its only UK warehouse in Wigton. | |||
| Local news and television programmes are provided by ] and ]. Television signals are received from the nearby ] TV transmitter located south east of the town. <ref>{{cite web|url=https://ukfree.tv/transmitters/tv/Caldbeck|title= Full Freeview on the Caldbeck (Cumbria, England) transmitter|date=1 May 2004|website=UK Free TV|accessdate=27 December 2023}}</ref> Local radio stations are ] on 95.6 FM and ] on 96.4 FM. The town is served by the local newspaper, ''Times & Star'' (formerly ''The Cumberland News''). <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britishpapers.co.uk/england-nw/cumberland-news/|title=The Cumberland News|date=15 August 2013|website=British Papers|accessdate=27 December 2023}}</ref> | |||
| * Thistle Trekking Ltd, guided walking holidays and mountaineering courses in the UK | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ==Notable people== | ==Notable people== | ||
| * ], cricketer | * ], cricketer for ] | ||
| * ], writer and broadcaster was born and lived his early life in the town and, when raised to the peerage, took |
* ], writer and broadcaster was born and lived his early life in the town and, when raised to the peerage, took Lord Bragg of Wigton as his title | ||
| ⚫ | * ], footballer, plays for ] | ||
| * ], visited the town, and it was subsequently mentioned in ''The Two Idle Apprentices'' | |||
| * ], visited the town with ] in 1857,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.wilkie-collins.info/books_lazy_tour.htm|title=Lazy Tour of Two Idle Apprentices|website=Wilkie Collins|first=Andrew|last=Gasson}}</ref> and it was subsequently mentioned in ''The Lazy Tour of Two Idle Apprentices'' | |||
| * ], broadcaster, was brought up in Wigton | * ], broadcaster, was brought up in Wigton | ||
| * ], one of a handful of ] | * ], one of a handful of ] for ] | ||
| * ], Medical Officer of Health to Wigton Rural District Council (188?–1928) | * ], Medical Officer of Health to Wigton Rural District Council (188?–1928) | ||
| * ], artist, born in Wigton | * ], artist, born in Wigton | ||
| * ], elected to ] for the Wigton Division. | |||
| ⚫ | * ] |
||
| * ], physicist and ], ] is named after him | |||
| ==Gallery== | ==Gallery== | ||
| Line 96: | Line 100: | ||
| {{commonscat multi|Wigton|Minerals of Caldbeck Fells}} | {{commonscat multi|Wigton|Minerals of Caldbeck Fells}} | ||
| * (nb: provisional research only – see Talk page) | * (nb: provisional research only – see Talk page) | ||
| *{{ |
*{{Cite book |last=Scott |first=Allen J. |url=http://www.cambridgescholars.com/solway-country |title=Solway Country: Land, Life and Livelihood in the Western Border Region of England and Scotland |date=2015 |publisher=Cambridge Scholars Publishing}} | ||
| {{Cumbria}} | {{Cumbria}} | ||
| Line 106: | Line 110: | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
| ] | ] | ||
Latest revision as of 16:51, 5 December 2024
Market town in Cumbria, England Not to be confused with Wigtown, Scotland or Wigston, Leicestershire. For the locality in Australia, see Wigton, Queensland.Human settlement in England
| Wigton | |
|---|---|
 St. Mary's Church | |
  WigtonLocation in AllerdaleShow map of the former Allerdale Borough WigtonLocation within CumbriaShow map of Cumbria | |
| Population | 5,831 (2011) |
| OS grid reference | NY255481 |
| Civil parish |
|
| Unitary authority | |
| Ceremonial county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | WIGTON |
| Postcode district | CA7 |
| Dialling code | 016973 |
| Police | Cumbria |
| Fire | Cumbria |
| Ambulance | North West |
| UK Parliament | |
| 54°49′23″N 3°09′32″W / 54.823°N 3.159°W / 54.823; -3.159 | |
Wigton is a market town in Cumberland, Cumbria, England. It lies just outside the Lake District. Wigton is at the centre of the Solway Plain, between the Caldbeck Fells and the Solway coast. It is served by Wigton railway station on the Cumbrian Coast Line, and the A596 road to Workington. The town of Silloth-on-Solway lies 12 miles (19 km) to the west, beyond Abbeytown.
Etymology
Wigton is "Wicga's tūn". "Wicga" is an Old English pre-7th-century personal name meaning "a beetle" (as in "earwig"), while "tūn" is Old English for a demarcated plot, a "homestead" or "village", so Wigton is "the hamlet belonging to Wicga".
History
On the River Wampool and Wiza Beck (beck being a dialect word meaning "brook" or "stream" – from the Old Norse bekkr), the market town of Wigton is an ancient settlement and evolved from a pre-medieval street plan, which can still be traced today.
The Romans had a cavalry station, Maglona, known locally as Old Carlisle, just to the south of the town with a large vicus (civilian settlement) associated with it. The fort was approximately half-way between Carlisle and the Roman settlement of Derventio (now known as Papcastle), linked by the Roman road that is now the A595. From this location they could react to incursions from north of Hadrian's Wall, using the Roman road to sally east or west before traversing northward across the countryside.
In the period of late antiquity after Roman rule, Wigton was within the native British kingdom of Rheged. Probably of Anglian origin, Wigton was an established settlement in the Kingdom of Northumbria long before the Normans arrived in the area. Wigton and most of then Cumberland were a part of Scotland in 1086 when the Domesday Book was written for William I, so are not included in it.
The Norman invaders created the County of Carlisle, building Carlisle Castle in Carlisle in 1092 for its administrative centre. Odard de Logis became William II's Sheriff of Carlisle and was made Baron of Wigton about 1100 AD when it became a Norman barony. Wigton gained its market charter in 1262. The de Logis barons changed their surname to de Wigton around 1208 but the male line of the family died out in 1348, so the manor passed to the Barony of Cockermouth. Although the town's layout is generally Anglian or medieval, its architecture is mainly in the 18th-century Georgian style which remains largely intact.
In the middle of Wigton's market place is the George Moore Memorial Fountain built in 1872; of particular interest are the four bronzes around the fountain, the work of the Pre-Raphaelite sculptor Thomas Woolner. These depict the "four acts of mercy". St Mary's Church dates from 1788, but there was a church on this site from the 12th century. (source: 'A New Illustrated History of Wigton')
A private secondary school, the Wigton School (also called the Friends' School or Brookfield) was founded to the north of the town in 1815 with an initial enrolment of eight pupils. After reaching a maximum enrolment of 250 or so in the 1970s and 1980s, the school closed, following sustained drop-off in student numbers and, finally, damage by fire.
The appearance of the church owes much to the vision of Rev John Ford (father of the broadcaster Anna Ford) in the 1950s, when he had gravestones laid flat and the interior painted in the present colours. Highmoor Bell tower, built during the Industrial Revolution and completed in 1887, played tunes three times daily.
Fiddleback Farm
Fiddleback Farm, a Grade II* listed building, is situated approximately 100 yards to the west of the A595. Its site was used, amongst other purposes, for supplying provisions and materials from "Old Carlisle" to Hadrian's Wall. It is thought that the farm site was the first "Mile Station" from Old Carlisle. Regarding Fiddleback, the building was originally fortified to repel invading Celts. It later become a place of worship. Constructed in the shape of a fiddle, it was built about 300 years ago, along with two other buildings in the shape of musical instruments by a wealthy and eccentric land-owner. During renovation works, the skeleton of a cat was discovered above one of the old entrance doorways. Another Grade 2 listed building, constructed in the shape of an accordion, still stands. A third, built in the shape of a banjo, was demolished for unknown reasons in the 1920s.
Geography
Wigton today is a market town, with livestock auctions being held regularly at Hopes Auction Company. The main employer is Innovia Films.
The town has its own secondary school, called The Nelson Thomlinson School, which is a comprehensive with close links to the Innovia factory.
In 2004 the town was the first settlement in the United Kingdom to enforce a curfew on teenagers under the age of 16. It was in place for two weeks, and its aim was to reduce the amount of vandalism in the town centre. It followed nightly vandalism campaigns, which included smashed shop fronts, as well as intimidation of elderly members of the community. The curfew attracted national attention, with the local secondary school receiving visits from agencies such as Sky News. It had some effect, with less vandalism taking place ever since.
Industry
Wigton's principal employer is the Innovia Films Ltd (locally known as The Factory) in the centre of the town. In 1936 the British New Wrap Co Ltd was formed in Wigton, Cumberland, and production of cellulose film began at the site which had previously been a jam-making facility, and then set up to produce "artificial silk" or Rayon. In 1936 the company changed its name to British Rayophane Ltd. The company's main products are:
- Labels and graphics
- Cellophane and Propafilm – bubble-produced BOPP film
- Substrates for plastic banknotes – used for multiple currencies worldwide including the new British polymer banknotes
- Plastic labels – replacing paper labels due to their resistance to tearing, scuffing and water damage. Clear labels are especially popular as they give the 'upmarket' appearance of graphics printed directly onto a bottle or container
- UV-resistant films – for promotional and POS/POP graphics
Wigton is the headquarters of the British National Party.
Media
Local news and television programmes are provided by BBC North East and Cumbria and ITV Border. Television signals are received from the nearby Caldbeck TV transmitter located south east of the town. Local radio stations are BBC Radio Cumbria on 95.6 FM and Greatest Hits Radio Cumbria & South West Scotland on 96.4 FM. The town is served by the local newspaper, Times & Star (formerly The Cumberland News).
Notable people
- Richard Bell, cricketer for London County Cricket Club
- Melvyn Bragg, writer and broadcaster was born and lived his early life in the town and, when raised to the peerage, took Lord Bragg of Wigton as his title
- Jarrad Branthwaite, footballer, plays for Everton F.C.
- Charles Dickens, visited the town with Wilkie Collins in 1857, and it was subsequently mentioned in The Lazy Tour of Two Idle Apprentices
- Anna Ford, broadcaster, was brought up in Wigton
- Thomas Holliday, one of a handful of Dual-code rugby internationals for England
- William Perry Briggs, Medical Officer of Health to Wigton Rural District Council (188?–1928)
- Robert Smirke, artist, born in Wigton
- Roger Liddle, Baron Liddle, elected to Cumbria County Council for the Wigton Division.
- William Henry Bragg, physicist and Nobel Laureate, Braggite is named after him
Gallery
-
Wigton Monument
-
Donaldson House
-
Wigton Cemetery
-
Campylite specimen from Caldbeck Fells
See also
References
- "Town/Ward parish population 2011". Retrieved 19 June 2015.
- "Wigton Town".
- Armstrong, A. M.; Mawer, A.; Stenton, F. M.; Dickens, B. (1950). The place-names of Cumberland. English Place-Name Society, vol.xx. Vol. Part 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 166.
- source: Testa de Nevill 1212 quoted in Higham p5
- source: Quo warranto Inquest c1292 quoted by Higham p6
- Higham, J. (1993). A New Illustrated History of Wigton. Carlisle: Bookcase.
- "The Friends' School, Wigton (Brookfield)". Wigton Old Scholars Association. Archived from the original on 21 July 2012. Retrieved 11 September 2010.
- Maycock, Lorraine & Ian. "The History of Fiddleback Farm". Archived from the original on 2 September 2018. Retrieved 17 October 2023.
- "Full Freeview on the Caldbeck (Cumbria, England) transmitter". UK Free TV. 1 May 2004. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- "The Cumberland News". British Papers. 15 August 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2023.
- Gasson, Andrew. "Lazy Tour of Two Idle Apprentices". Wilkie Collins.
External links
- Cumbria County History Trust: Wigton (nb: provisional research only – see Talk page)
- Scott, Allen J. (2015). Solway Country: Land, Life and Livelihood in the Western Border Region of England and Scotland. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
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