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{{Short description|Pacific typhoon in 1984}}
⚫ {{Infobox Hurricane
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024}}
⚫ | name = Super Typhoon Vanessa (Toyang)
⚫ {{Infobox weather event
| basin = WPac
⚫ | name = Typhoon Vanessa (Toyang)
| type =
| image = Typhoon Vanessa 28 Oct 1984 0649z.png | image = Typhoon Vanessa 10-27.jpg
| caption = Vanessa (28 Oct) | caption = Vanessa after peak intensity on October 28
| formed = October 22, 1984 | formed = October 22, 1984
| extratropical = October 30, 1984
| dissipated = October 30, 1984 | dissipated = October 30, 1984
}}{{Infobox weather event/JMA
⚫ | 10-min winds = 120
| 1-min winds = 165 | winds = 120
| pressure = 880 | pressure = 880
}}{{Infobox weather event/JTWC
⚫ | winds = 155
| pressure = 879
}}{{Infobox weather event/Effects
| fatalities = 63 total | fatalities = 63 total
| damage = 1700000
| damages = $1.7 million (])
| affected = ], ] and ] | areas = {{hlist|]|]|]}}
}}{{Infobox weather event/Footer
| cycloneseason = ] | season = ]
}} }}


'''Super Typhoon Vanessa''', known in the ] as '''Typhoon Toyang''' was a ] that formed in October ]. Vanessa was the strongest storm of ]. '''Typhoon Vanessa''', known in the ] as '''Typhoon Toyang''', was the strongest tropical cyclone of the ] and one of the most intense tropical cyclones on record. It was the twenty-second ], twelfth ], and first super typhoon of the 1984 season.


== Meteorological history == == Meteorological history ==
{{Storm path|Vanessa 1984 path.png|colors=new}}
⚫ {{Most intense tropical cyclones|align=right}}
A low pressure area developed from a near equatorial trough southeast of ] on October 20, moving northwest until being well north of the island as it slowly developed. The disturbance strengthened into a tropical depression on October 22 and a tropical storm ( receiving the name ''Vanessa'' ) on October 23. The next day, Vanessa strengthened into a minimal typhoon.<ref name="JTWC ATCR">{{cite report|title=Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: 1984|publisher=United States Navy, United States Air Force|url=http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1984atcr.pdf|author2=Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center|author=Joint Typhoon Warning Center|accessdate=May 19, 2017|year=1987|format=PDF}}</ref>
]

This system formed in the near equatorial trough southeast of ] a few days after Thad on October 20. The system moved northwest to just north of Ponape as it slowly developed. The disturbance strengthened into a tropical depression by October 22 and a tropical storm October 23 despite some northwesterly shear from Thad. As a minimal typhoon, Vanessa moved about {{convert|165|km|mi}} south of ], where winds gusted to {{convert|59|kn|km/h}} on ]. Damage on the island totaled US$1.7&nbsp;million (1984&nbsp;dollars), mainly to the ] crop.<ref name="Van">Joint Typhoon Warning Center (1985). Retrieved on 2007-01-13. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607004543/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1984atcr/pdf/wnp/25w.pdf|date=June 7, 2011}}</ref> Moving west-northwest, Vanessa continued to strengthen, becoming a super typhoon. Super Typhoon Vanessa was the strongest typhoon of the season, reaching ] speeds of {{convert|190|mph|km/h}} over the open waters of the West Pacific. At its peak, it had a pressure of 880 ], only 10&nbsp;millibars higher than the record-setting ] of ]. Its central pressure fell 100&nbsp;mb in 48&nbsp;hours. The intense cyclone recurved on October 27 and October 28 as a cold front approached from the northwest. Vanessa slowly merged with the frontal boundary, becoming a storm-force ] late on October 30.<ref name="Van2">Joint Typhoon Warning Center (1985). Retrieved on 2007-01-13. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607004543/http://www.usno.navy.mil/NOOC/nmfc-ph/RSS/jtwc/atcr/1984atcr/pdf/wnp/25w.pdf|date=June 7, 2011}}</ref>
Moving west-northwest, Vanessa began to explosively intensify on October 25, becoming a super typhoon two days later. Super Typhoon Vanessa continued to intensify throughout the day, reaching its peak intensity with ] speeds of {{convert|180|mph|km/h}} well west of the ]. At its peak, it had a pressure of 880 ], which makes it tied as the seventh most intense tropical cyclone on record, behind ] and only 10&nbsp;millibars higher than the record-setting ] of 1979. Vanessa's central pressure had fallen at a near-record pace of 100&nbsp;mb in 48&nbsp;hours. The intense cyclone recurved to the northeast on October 27 and 28 as a cold front approached from the northwest. Vanessa slowly weakened and began to merge with the frontal boundary, becoming a storm-force ] late on October 30 before being absorbed by the front later that day.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" />


== Impact == == Impact ==
⚫ {{Most intense tropical cyclones|align=right}}
⚫ Though the storm did not directly impact the Philippines, its outer bands triggered flooding that killed 63&nbsp;people.<ref name="NDCC">{{cite web|date=November 9, 2004|title=Destructive Typhoons 1970-2003|url=http://baseportal.com/cgi-bin/baseportal.pl?htx=/miso/typhoons&range=80,20|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041109181317/http://baseportal.com/cgi-bin/baseportal.pl?htx=%2Fmiso%2Ftyphoons&range=80%2C20|archivedate=November 9, 2004|accessdate=April 22, 2013|publisher=National Disaster Coordinating Council}}</ref>
As a minimal typhoon, Vanessa moved about {{convert|165|km|mi}} south of ], where winds gusted to {{convert|59|kn|km/h}} on ]. Damage on the island totaled US$1.7&nbsp;million (1984&nbsp;dollars, US$4.98&nbsp;million in 2023), mainly to the banana crop.<ref name="JTWC ATCR" />


⚫ Though the storm did not directly impact the Philippines, its outer bands triggered flooding that killed 63&nbsp;people.<ref name="NDCC">{{cite web|date=November 9, 2004|title=Destructive Typhoons 1970–2003|url=http://baseportal.com/cgi-bin/baseportal.pl?htx=/miso/typhoons&range=80,20|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20041109181317/http://baseportal.com/cgi-bin/baseportal.pl?htx=%2Fmiso%2Ftyphoons&range=80%2C20|archivedate=November 9, 2004|accessdate=April 22, 2013|publisher=National Disaster Coordinating Council}}</ref>
⚫ == External links ==

⚫ * - ]


== References == == References ==
{{Reflist}} {{Reflist}}

⚫ ]
⚫ == External links ==
⚫ * – ]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vanessa (1984)}} {{DEFAULTSORT:Vanessa (1984)}}
⚫ ]

Latest revision as of 14:59, 19 November 2024

Pacific typhoon in 1984

Typhoon Vanessa (Toyang)
Vanessa after peak intensity on October 28
Meteorological history
FormedOctober 22, 1984
ExtratropicalOctober 30, 1984
DissipatedOctober 30, 1984
Violent typhoon
10-minute sustained (JMA)
Highest winds220 km/h (140 mph)
Lowest pressure880 hPa (mbar); 25.99 inHg
Category 5-equivalent tropical cyclone
1-minute sustained (SSHWS/JTWC)
Highest winds285 km/h (180 mph)
Lowest pressure879 hPa (mbar); 25.96 inHg
Overall effects
Fatalities63 total
Damage$1.7 million
Areas affected
Part of the 1984 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Vanessa, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Toyang, was the strongest tropical cyclone of the 1984 Pacific typhoon season and one of the most intense tropical cyclones on record. It was the twenty-second named storm, twelfth typhoon, and first super typhoon of the 1984 season.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key Saffir–Simpson scale   Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown Storm type circle Tropical cyclone square Subtropical cyclone triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

A low pressure area developed from a near equatorial trough southeast of Ponape on October 20, moving northwest until being well north of the island as it slowly developed. The disturbance strengthened into a tropical depression on October 22 and a tropical storm ( receiving the name Vanessa ) on October 23. The next day, Vanessa strengthened into a minimal typhoon.

Moving west-northwest, Vanessa began to explosively intensify on October 25, becoming a super typhoon two days later. Super Typhoon Vanessa continued to intensify throughout the day, reaching its peak intensity with maximum sustained wind speeds of 180 miles per hour (290 km/h) well west of the Philippines. At its peak, it had a pressure of 880 mb, which makes it tied as the seventh most intense tropical cyclone on record, behind Ida of 1958 and only 10 millibars higher than the record-setting Typhoon Tip of 1979. Vanessa's central pressure had fallen at a near-record pace of 100 mb in 48 hours. The intense cyclone recurved to the northeast on October 27 and 28 as a cold front approached from the northwest. Vanessa slowly weakened and began to merge with the frontal boundary, becoming a storm-force extratropical cyclone late on October 30 before being absorbed by the front later that day.

Impact

Most intense Pacific typhoons
Typhoon Season Pressure
hPa inHg
1 Tip 1979 870 25.7
2 June 1975 875 25.8
Nora 1973
4 Forrest 1983 876 25.9
5 Ida 1958 877 25.9
6 Rita 1978 878 26.0
7 Kit 1966 880 26.0
Vanessa 1984
9 Nancy 1961 882 26.4
10 Irma 1971 884 26.1
11 Nina 1953 885 26.1
Joan 1959
Megi 2010
Source: JMA Typhoon Best Track Analysis
Information for the North Western Pacific Ocean.

As a minimal typhoon, Vanessa moved about 165 kilometres (103 mi) south of Guam, where winds gusted to 59 knots (109 km/h) on Nimitz Hill. Damage on the island totaled US$1.7 million (1984 dollars, US$4.98 million in 2023), mainly to the banana crop.

Though the storm did not directly impact the Philippines, its outer bands triggered flooding that killed 63 people.

References

  1. ^ Joint Typhoon Warning Center; Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center (1987). Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: 1984 (PDF) (Report). United States Navy, United States Air Force. Retrieved May 19, 2017.
  2. "World Tropical Cyclone Records". World Meteorological Organization. Arizona State University. Retrieved December 12, 2013.
  3. Japan Meteorological Agency. "RSMC Best Track Data (Text)" (TXT).
  4. "Destructive Typhoons 1970–2003". National Disaster Coordinating Council. November 9, 2004. Archived from the original on November 9, 2004. Retrieved April 22, 2013.

External links

Category: