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| {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}} | |||
| {{Usul al-fiqh}} | |||
| {{Use Pakistani English|date=January 2020}} | |||
| '''Shaikh''' (]: '''شيخ''' ), meaning elder of a tribe, lord, revered old man, or ]. In ], it signifies ] ancestry. From the beginning of ] rule in South Asia in ] AD, the Arab technocrats, bureaucrats, soldiers, traders, scientists, architects, teachers, theologians and sufis flocked from the rest of the ] world to Islamic Sultanate in South Asia and settled permanently. | |||
| {{infobox ethnic group | |||
| | group = Punjabi Shaikh | |||
| | image = File:Sheikhs from the Trans-Sutlej States.png | |||
| | caption = Punjabi Sheikhs from the Trans-Sutlej States in 1869 | |||
| | population = | |||
| | popplace = Pakistan | |||
| | langs = • ] • ] • ] | |||
| | rels = ] | |||
| ⚫ | | related = ]| | ||
| }} | |||
| '''Punjabi Shaikh and Pakistani Sheikh or Shaikh''' ({{langx|ur|{{Nastaliq| پنجابی شيخ}}}}) are a branch of the ]. In Punjab, the title ''shaikh'' was given to recent converts to Islam and not to those of Arab descent as a polite euphemism.<ref name=":0"/> | |||
| In ], after the advent of ], many high caste Hindus (] or ]) converted to ] in the ] and adopted this title. They are known as '''Punjabi Shaikh''' (]: '''پنجابی شيخ''' ). Many of the ] ]s families were converted from ] tribe. The prominent ] clans also adopted this title after converting to ]. ] residing in the ] also converted from Brahman class. Punjabi Shaikhs are mostly urban and non agriculturist. Their main professions are business and public service. | |||
| Before the independence of ] in ], ]s were living in all the districts of ]. Most of them were concentrated in the western districts. The people of the Punjab started converting to Islam in 11th century. In the western districts conversion was almost universal. People from all classes; ]s, ]s, ]s, ]s, ], etc; embraced ] in large numbers. In districts east of ] (now in ]) conversion was limited. Large numbers of Khatris remained Hindu. In 1947 almost all Punjabi Shaikhs moved to ]. | |||
| The Shaikh caste were originally agricultural and can be found in the ], ] and ] regions of Punjab. However, in recent years, they have become urbanised and are involved in business and trade. The Punjabi Shaikh tribe are a wealthy but have a small population in the Punjab. Notable people include ], a Pakistani politician and a businessman.<ref>{{Cite book|date=20 February 2004|title=Sociology of religion in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q_0O8LxsWb8C&q=shaikh+occupational+caste&pg=PA97|isbn=9780761997818|last1=Robinson|first1=Rowena}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Nyrop|first=Richard F.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FaggQsmGFWkC&q=sheikh+occupational+title+in+pakistan&pg=PA149|title=Pakistan a country study|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|year=1983|edition=4|pages=149}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V21_272.gif |title=Shaikhs of Rawalpindi District (Pothohar Plateau)|website=Digital South Asia Library - Imperial Gazetteer of India v.21, page 266|access-date=25 December 2022}}</ref> | |||
| === Khawaja Shaikh === | |||
| Khatris after accepting Islam adopted ] (]: ''' خواجہ شيخ''' ) as title and it is generally assumed to belong to Muslim trading families. Although large number of them were employed in government services. | |||
| ==Notable people with this surname== | |||
| When Khatri traders from the western districts of the Punjab; ], ], ], ], ]; accepted Islam called themselves ''Khawaja'' and adopted Shaikh as title. They are also called ''Khawaja Shaikh''. Some of them adopted ] as title. In recent years traders from a small town of ] of district Jhang became prominent due to their contribution in the industries of Pakistan. These traders are known as ] or ''Chinioti Shaikhs''. | |||
| *], a Pakistani politician and a businessman | |||
| *], a Pakistani actor and film director | |||
| *], a Pakistani actor | |||
| *], a Pakistani field hockey player | |||
| *], a Pakistani TV actress | |||
| *], an Indian film actor | |||
| ⚫ | == See also == | ||
| Famous trading family ]s, Sahgal Khatris of ], are known as ''Punjabi Shaikh'' instead of ''Khawaja Shaikh''. They use ] as title. | |||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
| * ] | |||
| ⚫ | ==References== | ||
| === Qanungoh Shaikh === | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| ]s (]: ''' قانونگوہ شيخ''' ) are Muslim Khatris. They belonged to all the districts of the ]. They are descendant of Khatri families who were holding hereditary office of ‘’Qanungoh’’ (‘’Law givers’’) during the Muslim Period. | |||
| {{Ethnic groups, tribes and clans of the Punjab}} | |||
| This designation was used in the Punjab and other provinces of India and Pakistan for hereditary registrar of landed property in a subdivision of a district. In Mughal times most of these offices were held by Khatris. When these families converted to Islam, they called themselves Qanungo Shaikh. | |||
| === Delhi Punjabi Sodagran === | |||
| Delhi Punjabi Sodagran are descendant of Muslim Khatri traders who settled in the old city of Delhi. The date of settlement in Delhi is not certain. They use Shaikh as title. After independence of Pakistan in ], a large number of these traders migrated to Karachi. Some still live in Delhi . | |||
| === Other Shaikhs === | |||
| ]s is another community living in different districts of the Punjab. They emigrated from Kashmir during 19th & 20th century. Allama Shaikh ] belonged to this group. His grandfather Shaikh Rafiq migrated to Sialkot in early 19th century. | |||
| Kakkezai traders, who claim descent from Afghan of ] are residing in almost all the districts of the Punjab. They also use Shaikh as title. ], the 3rd ] belonged to this community. | |||
| Punjabi Shaikh joined government services during 19th century, provided high education to their children. They are now most successful community of the Punjab and represented heavily in the public service, in professions like doctors, lawyers, and engineers. | |||
| == Distinguished Punjabi Shaikhs == | |||
| * ], Chairman of Senate and 2 time Acting President of Pakistan. A ''Qanungo Shaikh'' from Jalandhar. | |||
| * ], Chief Editor of Weekly "''The Friday Times''". | |||
| * Mian ], Ex Chairman of Pakistan International Airline. | |||
| * ]; Chairman of Nishat Group, largest industrial & financial conglomerate of Pakistan. | |||
| *], Chief Executive of Vohra Group of Industries | |||
| *], founder of House of Saigols. | |||
| *], founder of Ismael Maula Baksh Industrial Group. | |||
| * ], National Poet of Pakistan, Poet of East. A ''Kashmeri Sheikh'' from Sialkot. | |||
| ⚫ | == |
||
| # D. Ibbetson, E.MacLagan, H.A. Rose, " ''A Glossary of The Tribes & Casts of The Punjab & North West Frontier Province''", 1911, pp 502 Vol II | |||
| # Wendy Doniger, tr. "''The Law of Manu''", (Penguin Books, 1991 ) Verses 43-44, Chapter 10. | |||
| # A.L. Basham " ''The Wonder That Was India''", ( Sidgwick & Jackson, 1967) | |||
| # D. Ibbetson, E.MacLagan, H.A. Rose, pp 58, Vol I | |||
| # Abu Fazal, "''Ain-i-Akbari''", translated by H.Blocmann & H.S. Jarrett, (Calcutta, 1873-94) 3 Vols., a gazetteer of the Mughal Empire compiled in 1590 AD. | |||
| # D. Ibbetson, E.MacLagan, H.A. Rose, pp 513-514 Vol II | |||
| == External link == | |||
| * | |||
| ⚫ | == See also == | ||
| ⚫ | * ] | ||
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| ] | ] | ||
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Latest revision as of 09:44, 26 October 2024
Ethnic group
 Punjabi Sheikhs from the Trans-Sutlej States in 1869 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Pakistan | |
| Languages | |
| • Punjabi • English • Urdu | |
| Religion | |
| Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Shaikhs in South Asia |
Punjabi Shaikh and Pakistani Sheikh or Shaikh (Urdu: پنجابی شيخ) are a branch of the Shaikhs in South Asia. In Punjab, the title shaikh was given to recent converts to Islam and not to those of Arab descent as a polite euphemism.
The Shaikh caste were originally agricultural and can be found in the Faisalabad, Chiniot and Rawalpindi District regions of Punjab. However, in recent years, they have become urbanised and are involved in business and trade. The Punjabi Shaikh tribe are a wealthy but have a small population in the Punjab. Notable people include Sheikh Rasheed Ahmad, a Pakistani politician and a businessman.
Notable people with this surname
- Sheikh Rasheed Ahmad, a Pakistani politician and a businessman
- Javed Shaikh, a Pakistani actor and film director
- Saleem Sheikh, a Pakistani actor
- Shahnaz Sheikh, a Pakistani field hockey player
- Shehnaz Sheikh, a Pakistani TV actress
- Farooq Sheikh, an Indian film actor
See also
References
- ^ Nyrop, Richard F. (1983). Pakistan a country study (4 ed.). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 149.
- Robinson, Rowena (20 February 2004). Sociology of religion in India. ISBN 9780761997818.
- "Shaikhs of Rawalpindi District (Pothohar Plateau)". Digital South Asia Library - Imperial Gazetteer of India v.21, page 266. Retrieved 25 December 2022.
