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{{Short description|Irish Christmas carol}}
{{use dmy dates|date=November 2024}}
{{Infobox musical composition {{Infobox musical composition
| name = Wexford Carol | name = Wexford Carol
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| image = | image =
| alt = | alt =
| caption = W. H. Grattan Flood | caption =
| translation = <!-- to English, if hymn name is a different language --> | translation = <!-- to English, if hymn name is a different language -->
| native_name = <!-- if hymn name is the translation --> | native_name = <!-- if hymn name is the translation -->
Line 13: Line 15:
| text = | text =
| language = | language =
| written = | written =
| based_on = | based_on =
| meter = 8.8.8.8 (]) | meter = 8.8.8.8 (])
| melody = Traditional Irish folk melody, transcribed by ] | melody = Traditional Irish folk melody, transcribed by ]
| composed = <!-- {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|end_date={{End date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|location=}} --> | composed = <!-- {{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|end_date={{End date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}}|location=}} -->
| published = | published =
| misc = | misc =
}} }}


The '''Wexford Carol''' ({{lang-ga|Carúl Loch Garman, Carúl Inis Córthaidh}}) is a traditional religious ] ] originating from ] and, specifically, ] (whence its other name).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.digitalmedievalist.com/2010/12/20/the-wexford-carol-carul-loch-garman/|title=The Wexford Carol / Carúl Loch Garman|first=Lisa|last=Spangenberg|date=December 20, 2010|website=Celtic Studies Resources (digitalmedievalist.com)|accessdate=December 23, 2019}}</ref> The subject of the song is the ]. The '''Wexford Carol''' or the Enniscorthy Carol ({{langx|ga|Carúl Loch Garman, Carúl Inis Córthaidh}}) is a traditional religious ] ] originating from ] in ].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spangenberg |first=Lisa |date=December 20, 2010 |title=The Wexford Carol / Carúl Loch Garman |url=https://www.digitalmedievalist.com/2010/12/20/the-wexford-carol-carul-loch-garman/ |access-date=23 December 2019 |website=Celtic Studies Resources (digitalmedievalist.com)}}</ref> The subject of the song is the ].


==W.&nbsp;H. Grattan Flood transcription== ==W.&nbsp;H. Grattan Flood transcription==
]]]
"The Wexford Carol", sometimes known by its first verse "Good people all this Christmas time", is claimed to be one of the oldest extant Christmas carols.{{fact|date=December 2018}} The song achieved a renewed popularity due to the work of ] (1859–1928), who was organist and musical director at ] in Enniscorthy. He transcribed the carol from a local singer and had it published in '']'', putting Enniscorthy into most carol books around the world.
"The Wexford Carol", sometimes known by its first verse "Good people all this Christmas time", is of uncertain origins, and, while it is occasionally claimed to be from the early Middle Ages, it likely was composed in the 15th or 16th century based on its musical and lyrical style.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://unsungchristmas.blogspot.com/2016/12/december-15-wexford-carol.html |title=Relatively Unsung Christmas Songs: December 15: "Wexford Carol" |date=15 December 2016}}</ref> The song achieved a renewed popularity due to the work of ] (1859–1928), who was organist and musical director at ] in Enniscorthy. He transcribed the carol from a local singer and had it published in '']'', putting Enniscorthy into most carol books around the world.

Bard Francis, of the SCA medieval society, comments{{citation needed}}:

<blockquote>This lovely tune, remarkable for its haunting ] form, is unlikely to be 12th century. The words are maybe older than the tune, which likely came from the wave of Irish Music during the late 18th and through the entire 19th century, American Civil War period. Such rhyming words and tune structure had not been invented sufficiently in the 12th century, and it looks more like the 16th if it can be proven to be earlier than the 18–19th.*(Francis is assuming the original words were written in English but were most likely in Irish)

The Mixolydian mode can be played with only two chords one step apart on lute or guitar, which makes it an easy and wonderful performance piece for good singers but beginning players. Celtic Woman does it in D and C chords, though there are variations out there.

For the most likely oldest Christmas hymn, I suggest it may be ] with words from the 3rd century, tune possibly the 8th as a Nunc Dimittis. Source "Handbook to the Lutheran Hymnal," by Pollock. Also the still popular "O Come Emmanuel" may have been written about that time. The main problem is that these ancient Christian tunes, unlike the Celtic tunes, usually had a long oral tradition in the church before musical notation became understandable around the 14th century.</blockquote>

==Modern performance==
Traditions abound concerning the song&nbsp;– for example, that only men should sing it. However, many popular female artists, such as ] in 1966 and ] in 1987, have recorded versions of it, the former including an additional verse beginning "And buckets yore did rain that night." ] and ] recorded the song for Ma's 2008 holiday album, '']''. ] covered it on his 2009 album ''This Christmas'' as a duet with his wife ], using only the first three of the traditional verses. The carol featured as title track on the 2014 collection of traditional Irish Carols '']'' by the Irish early-music singer ], with ] and ]. Irish folksinger ] featured the song on her 2016 album ''].'' The Irish group ] included the Wexford Carol on their 2006 Christmas album. The English ] ] performed an arrangement of the carol on their 2013 album, '']'', recorded at ]. Country artist ] also recorded a version of the hymn on his 2013 Christmas album ]. The ] performed an arrangement by conductor ] on its 2016 album '']''. On November 28, 2017, it was performed by the renowned flautist Ashley Snell in Leonard Auditorium at ]. In the Fall of 2018, ] in Nashville, Tennessee, released "A Winter Carol" by the Gospel Music Association's legendary Hall of Fame family, ]. It features The Wexford Carol as the second cut on the album.


==English lyrics== ==English lyrics==
<blockquote><poem>Good people all, this Christmas time, <poem style="margin-left:2em; float:left;">1. Good people all, this Christmas time,
Consider well and bear in mind Consider well and bear in mind
What our good God for us has done What our good God for us has done
In sending his beloved son In sending His beloved Son
With Mary holy we should pray, With Mary holy we should pray,
To God with love this Christmas Day To God with love this Christmas Day
Line 48: Line 40:
There was a blessed Messiah born. There was a blessed Messiah born.


The night before that happy tide, 2. The night before that happy tide,
The noble Virgin and her guide The noble virgin and her guide
Were long time seeking up and down Were long time seeking up and down
To find a lodging in the town. To find a lodging in the town.
Line 57: Line 49:
Was but a humble ox's stall. Was but a humble ox's stall.


Near Bethlehem did shepherds keep 3. Near Bethlehem did shepherds keep
Their flocks of lambs and feeding sheep Their flocks of lambs and feeding sheep
To whom God's angels did appear To whom God's angels did appear
Line 64: Line 56:
To Bethlehem, be not afraid To Bethlehem, be not afraid
For there you'll find, this happy morn For there you'll find, this happy morn
A princely babe, sweet Jesus, born. A princely Babe, sweet Jesus, born.</poem>
<poem style="margin-left:1em; float:left;">4. With thankful heart and joyful mind

With thankful heart and joyful mind
The shepherds went the babe to find The shepherds went the babe to find
And as God's angel had foretold And as God's angel had foretold
They did our Saviour Christ behold They did our Saviour Christ behold
Within a manger he was laid Within a manger He was laid
And by his side the virgin maid And by his side the virgin maid
Attending on the Lord of Life Attending on the Lord of Life
Who came on earth to end all strife. Who came on earth to end all strife.


There were three wise men from afar 5. There were three wise men from afar
Directed by a glorious star Directed by a glorious star
And on they wandered night and day And on they wandered night and day
Line 81: Line 72:
And when they came unto that place And when they came unto that place
Where our beloved Messiah lay Where our beloved Messiah lay
They humbly cast them at his feet They humbly cast them at His feet
With gifts of gold and incense sweet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sniff.numachi.com/pages/tiGOODPEOP.html|title=Enniscorthy Carol|website=Yet Another Digital Tradition Page|accessdate=December 23, 2019}}</ref></poem></blockquote> With gifts of gold and incense sweet.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://sniff.numachi.com/pages/tiGOODPEOP.html|title=Enniscorthy Carol|website=Yet Another Digital Tradition Page|access-date=December 23, 2019}}</ref></poem>{{clear|left}}


==Irish lyrics== ==Irish lyrics==
:Ó, tagaig' uile is adhraigí <poem lang="ga" style="margin-left:2em; float:left;">1. Ó, tagaig' uile is adhraigí
:An leanbh cneasta sa chró 'na luí An leanbh cneasta sa chró 'na luí
:Is cuimhnígí ar ghrá an Rí Is cuimhnígí ar ghrá an Rí
:A thug dár saoradh anocht an Naí. A thug dár saoradh anocht an Naí.
:'S a Mhuire Mháthair i bParrthas Dé, 'S a Mhuire Mháthair i bParrthas Dé,
:Ar chlann bhocht Éabha guigh 'nois go caomh, Ar chlann bhocht Éabha guigh 'nois go caomh,
:Is doras an chró ná dún go deo Is doras an chró ná dún go deo
:Go n-adhram' feasta Mac Mhuire Ógh. Go n-adhram' feasta Mac Mhuire Ógh.</poem>
<poem lang="ga" style="margin-left:1em; float:left;">2. I mBeithil thoir i lár na hoích'
Ba chlos an deascéala d'aoirí,
Go follas don saol ón spéir go binn
Bhí aingle 'canadh ó rinn go rinn.
"Gluaisig' go beo," dúirt Aingeal Dé,
"Go Beithil sall is gheobhaidh sibh É
'Na luí go séimh i mainséar féir,
Siúd É an Meisias a ghráigh an saol."<ref>"Ceol na Nollag" issued in Dublin by Cló Chaisil in cooperation with Foras na Gaeilge</ref></poem>{{clear|left}}


==Melody==
:I mBeithil thoir i lár na hoích'
<score sound raw>
:Ba chlos an deascéala d'aoirí,
\header { tagline = ##f }
:Go follas don saol ón spéir go binn
\layout { indent = 0
:Bhí aingle 'canadh ó rinn go rinn.
\context { \Score \remove "Bar_number_engraver" }
:"Gluaisig' go beo," dúirt Aingeal Dé,
\context { \Voice \remove "Dynamic_engraver" }
:"Go Beithil sall is gheobhaidh sibh É
}
:'Na luí go séimh i mainséar féir,

:Siúd É an Meisias a ghráigh an saol."<ref>"Ceol na Nollag" issued in Dublin by Cló Chaisil in cooperation with Foras na Gaeilge</ref>
global = { \key g \major \time 3/4 \partial 8 }

soprano = \relative c' { \global \autoBeamOff \set Staff.midiPanPosition = -0.5 \set midiInstrument = "oboe"
d8\ff | g g16 g4. a8 | b c d4 r8
d | c b g (d4) e8 |f g f4 r8
d | g g16 g4. a8 | b c d4 r8
b | c d b (g4) a8 | g g g4 r8
g | g f' d (c4) a8 | bes c bes4.
d16 | \tuplet 3/2 { b8 g } g (d4) e8 | f g f4 r8
d | g g16 g4. a8 | b c d4 r8
b | c d b g4 a8 | g g g4. \bar "|."
}

alto = \relative c' { \global \autoBeamOff \set Staff.midiPanPosition = 0.5 \set midiInstrument = "fiddle"
d8\pp | g d d8. d | g g fis4 r8
d | e fis g (d4) e8 | c c d4 r8
d | g d d8. d | g g fis4 r8
e | e d d (f4) e8 | d c d4 r8
g | g a g (e4) f8 | g c, d4.
d8 | d d g (d4) e8 | d e d4 r8
d | g d d8. d | g g fis4 r8
e | e d d f4 e8 | e d b4. \bar "|."
}

tenor = \relative c { \global \autoBeamOff \set Staff.midiPanPosition = -1 \set midiInstrument = "clarinet"
d8\p | g a b8. d | b g a4 r8
b | a fis b c | a g a4 r8
d, | g a b8. d | b g a4 r8
g | g g g4 c | b8 c b4 r8
g | g c b (a4) c8 | d a f4.
g8 | \tuplet 3/2 { g bes } bes bes | a c a4 r8
d, | g a b8. d | b g a4 r8
g | g g g g4 c8 | b c d4. \bar "|."
}

bass = \relative c { \global \autoBeamOff \set Staff.midiPanPosition = 1 \set midiInstrument = "contrabass"
d8 | g d b8. fis' | e e d4 r8
b | c d e g4 | f8 e d4 r8
d | g d b8. fis' | e e d4 r8
e | c b b c4 | g'8 e g4 r8
g | g f g (a4) f8 | g f bes,4.
g8 | g' g g g | d, c d4
g,4 | g'8 d b8. fis' | e e d4 r8
e | c b b d4 c8 | e g g4. \bar "|."
}

verse = \lyricmode {
Good peo -- ple all, this Christ -- mas time,
con -- sid -- er well and bear in mind
what our good God for us has done,
in send -- ing his be -- lov -- ed Son.
With Ma -- ry ho -- ly we should pray
to God with love this Christ -- mas day;
in Beth -- le -- hem up -- on that morn
there was a bless -- ed Mes -- si -- ah born.
}
Irish = \lyricmode { % The Irish phrasing is from https://musescore.com/user/89988/scores/5873535
Ó, tag -- aig' uil -- e~is adh -- rai -- gí
An leanbh cneas -- ta sa chró -- 'na luí.
Is cuimh -- ní -- gí ar ghrá an Rí
A thug dár saoradh a -- nocht an Naí.
'S~a Mhui -- re Mháthair i bParr -- thas Dé,
Ar chlann bhocht Éabha guigh 'nois go caomh,
Is dor -- as~an chró na dún go deo
Go n-adh -- ram' feas -- ta Mac Mhui -- re Ógh.
}

\score {
\new ChoirStaff <<
\new Staff \with { \consists "Merge_rests_engraver" }
<<
\new Voice = "soprano" { \voiceOne \soprano }
\new Voice = "alto" { \voiceTwo \alto }
>>
\new Lyrics \lyricsto "soprano" \verse
\new Lyrics \lyricsto "soprano" \Irish
\new Staff \with { \consists "Merge_rests_engraver" }
<<
\clef bass
\new Voice = "tenor" { \voiceOne \tenor }
\new Voice = "bass" { \voiceTwo \bass }
>>
>>
\layout { }
}
\score { << \soprano \\ \alto \\ \tenor \\ \bass >>
\midi {
\tempo 4=65
\context { \Score midiChannelMapping = #'instrument }
\context { \Staff \remove "Staff_performer" }
\context { \Voice \consists "Staff_performer" }
}
}
</score>
Source<ref>'']'' (1964) , , ], ], ] (eds.), Oxford University Press</ref>

==Modern performance==
{{unsourced section|date=November 2024}}
Traditions abound concerning the song&nbsp;– for example, that only men should sing it. However, many popular female artists, such as ] in 1966 and ] in 1987, have recorded versions of it, the former including an additional verse beginning "And buckets yore did rain that night."
*] recorded the song for ]' 1989 album '']''. The recording also appears on their 1991 holiday album ].
*The Irish Tenors performed their version as the third track on their 1999 Christmas album ''Home For Christmas''.
*In 2002 ] recorded his arrangement with the ] featuring baritone ].
*The Irish singing group ] included the Wexford Carol on their 2006 ] ] and 2019 album ''The Magic of Christmas''.
*] and ] recorded the song for Ma's 2008 holiday album, '']''.
*Anthony Kearns (]) performs it annually and has featured on TV across the USA at Christmas.

*] covered it on his 2009 album ''This Christmas'' as a duet with his wife ], using only the first three of the traditional verses.
*The English ] ] performed an arrangement of the carol on their 2013 album, '']'', recorded at ].
*Country artist ] recorded a version of the hymn on his 2013 Christmas album '']''.
*The carol featured as title track on the 2014 collection of traditional Irish Carols '']'' by the Irish early-music singer ], with ] and ].
*Irish folksinger ] featured the song on her 2016 album '']''.
*The Mormon ] performed an arrangement by conductor ] on its 2016 album '']''.
*On 28 November 2017, it was performed by flautist Ashley Snell in Leonard Auditorium at ].
*In the Fall of 2018, Daywind Records in Nashville, Tennessee, released ''A Winter Carol'' by the Gospel Music Association's Hall of Fame family, ]. It features The Wexford Carol as the second track on the album.

==See also==
* ]


==References== ==References==
Line 107: Line 223:


==External links== ==External links==
* * , askaboutireland.ie
* {{ChoralWiki|The Wexford Carol (Traditional)|a choral arrangement|prep=of}}

{{Authority control}}


] ]

Latest revision as of 18:18, 22 December 2024

Irish Christmas carol

Wexford Carol
GenreChristmas carol
Meter8.8.8.8 (long metre)
MelodyTraditional Irish folk melody, transcribed by W. H. Grattan Flood

The Wexford Carol or the Enniscorthy Carol (Irish: Carúl Loch Garman, Carúl Inis Córthaidh) is a traditional religious Irish Christmas carol originating from Enniscorthy in County Wexford. The subject of the song is the nativity of Jesus Christ.

W. H. Grattan Flood transcription

St. Aidan's Cathedral

"The Wexford Carol", sometimes known by its first verse "Good people all this Christmas time", is of uncertain origins, and, while it is occasionally claimed to be from the early Middle Ages, it likely was composed in the 15th or 16th century based on its musical and lyrical style. The song achieved a renewed popularity due to the work of William Grattan Flood (1859–1928), who was organist and musical director at St. Aidan's Cathedral in Enniscorthy. He transcribed the carol from a local singer and had it published in The Oxford Book of Carols, putting Enniscorthy into most carol books around the world.

English lyrics

1. Good people all, this Christmas time,
Consider well and bear in mind
What our good God for us has done
In sending His beloved Son
With Mary holy we should pray,
To God with love this Christmas Day
In Bethlehem upon that morn,
There was a blessed Messiah born.

2. The night before that happy tide,
The noble virgin and her guide
Were long time seeking up and down
To find a lodging in the town.
But mark how all things came to pass
From every door repelled, alas,
As was foretold, their refuge all
Was but a humble ox's stall.

3. Near Bethlehem did shepherds keep
Their flocks of lambs and feeding sheep
To whom God's angels did appear
Which put the shepherds in great fear
Prepare and go, the angels said
To Bethlehem, be not afraid
For there you'll find, this happy morn
A princely Babe, sweet Jesus, born.

4. With thankful heart and joyful mind
The shepherds went the babe to find
And as God's angel had foretold
They did our Saviour Christ behold
Within a manger He was laid
And by his side the virgin maid
Attending on the Lord of Life
Who came on earth to end all strife.

5. There were three wise men from afar
Directed by a glorious star
And on they wandered night and day
Until they came where Jesus lay
And when they came unto that place
Where our beloved Messiah lay
They humbly cast them at His feet
With gifts of gold and incense sweet.

Irish lyrics

1. Ó, tagaig' uile is adhraigí
An leanbh cneasta sa chró 'na luí
Is cuimhnígí ar ghrá an Rí
A thug dár saoradh anocht an Naí.
'S a Mhuire Mháthair i bParrthas Dé,
Ar chlann bhocht Éabha guigh 'nois go caomh,
Is doras an chró ná dún go deo
Go n-adhram' feasta Mac Mhuire Ógh.

2. I mBeithil thoir i lár na hoích'
Ba chlos an deascéala d'aoirí,
Go follas don saol ón spéir go binn
Bhí aingle 'canadh ó rinn go rinn.
"Gluaisig' go beo," dúirt Aingeal Dé,
"Go Beithil sall is gheobhaidh sibh É
'Na luí go séimh i mainséar féir,
Siúd É an Meisias a ghráigh an saol."

Melody

\header { tagline = ##f } \layout { indent = 0 \context { \Score \remove "Bar_number_engraver" } \context { \Voice \remove "Dynamic_engraver" } } global = { \key g \major \time 3/4 \partial 8 } soprano = \relative c' { \global \autoBeamOff \set Staff.midiPanPosition = -0.5 \set midiInstrument = "oboe" d8\ff | g g16 g4. a8 | b c d4 r8 d | c b g (d4) e8 |f g f4 r8 d | g g16 g4. a8 | b c d4 r8 b | c d b (g4) a8 | g g g4 r8 g | g f' d (c4) a8 | bes c bes4. d16 | \tuplet 3/2 { b8 g } g (d4) e8 | f g f4 r8 d | g g16 g4. a8 | b c d4 r8 b | c d b g4 a8 | g g g4. \bar "|." } alto = \relative c' { \global \autoBeamOff \set Staff.midiPanPosition = 0.5 \set midiInstrument = "fiddle" d8\pp | g d d8. d | g g fis4 r8 d | e fis g (d4) e8 | c c d4 r8 d | g d d8. d | g g fis4 r8 e | e d d (f4) e8 | d c d4 r8 g | g a g (e4) f8 | g c, d4. d8 | d d g (d4) e8 | d e d4 r8 d | g d d8. d | g g fis4 r8 e | e d d f4 e8 | e d b4. \bar "|." } tenor = \relative c { \global \autoBeamOff \set Staff.midiPanPosition = -1 \set midiInstrument = "clarinet" d8\p | g a b8. d | b g a4 r8 b | a fis b c | a g a4 r8 d, | g a b8. d | b g a4 r8 g | g g g4 c | b8 c b4 r8 g | g c b (a4) c8 | d a f4. g8 | \tuplet 3/2 { g bes } bes bes | a c a4 r8 d, | g a b8. d | b g a4 r8 g | g g g g4 c8 | b c d4. \bar "|." } bass = \relative c { \global \autoBeamOff \set Staff.midiPanPosition = 1 \set midiInstrument = "contrabass" d8 | g d b8. fis' | e e d4 r8 b | c d e g4 | f8 e d4 r8 d | g d b8. fis' | e e d4 r8 e | c b b c4 | g'8 e g4 r8 g | g f g (a4) f8 | g f bes,4. g8 | g' g g g | d, c d4 g,4 | g'8 d b8. fis' | e e d4 r8 e | c b b d4 c8 | e g g4. \bar "|." } verse = \lyricmode { Good peo -- ple all, this Christ -- mas time, con -- sid -- er well and bear in mind what our good God for us has done, in send -- ing his be -- lov -- ed Son. With Ma -- ry ho -- ly we should pray to God with love this Christ -- mas day; in Beth -- le -- hem up -- on that morn there was a bless -- ed Mes -- si -- ah born. } Irish = \lyricmode { % The Irish phrasing is from https://musescore.com/user/89988/scores/5873535 Ó, tag -- aig' uil -- e~is adh -- rai -- gí An leanbh cneas -- ta sa chró -- 'na luí. Is cuimh -- ní -- gí ar ghrá an Rí A thug dár saoradh a -- nocht an Naí. 'S~a Mhui -- re Mháthair i bParr -- thas Dé, Ar chlann bhocht Éabha guigh 'nois go caomh, Is dor -- as~an chró na dún go deo Go n-adh -- ram' feas -- ta Mac Mhui -- re Ógh. } \score { \new ChoirStaff << \new Staff \with { \consists "Merge_rests_engraver" } << \new Voice = "soprano" { \voiceOne \soprano } \new Voice = "alto" { \voiceTwo \alto } >> \new Lyrics \lyricsto "soprano" \verse \new Lyrics \lyricsto "soprano" \Irish \new Staff \with { \consists "Merge_rests_engraver" } << \clef bass \new Voice = "tenor" { \voiceOne \tenor } \new Voice = "bass" { \voiceTwo \bass } >> >> \layout { } } \score { << \soprano \\ \alto \\ \tenor \\ \bass >> \midi { \tempo 4=65 \context { \Score midiChannelMapping = #'instrument } \context { \Staff \remove "Staff_performer" } \context { \Voice \consists "Staff_performer" } } }

Source

Modern performance

This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

Traditions abound concerning the song – for example, that only men should sing it. However, many popular female artists, such as Julie Andrews in 1966 and Loreena McKennitt in 1987, have recorded versions of it, the former including an additional verse beginning "And buckets yore did rain that night."

See also

References

  1. Spangenberg, Lisa (20 December 2010). "The Wexford Carol / Carúl Loch Garman". Celtic Studies Resources (digitalmedievalist.com). Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  2. "Relatively Unsung Christmas Songs: December 15: "Wexford Carol"". 15 December 2016.
  3. "Enniscorthy Carol". Yet Another Digital Tradition Page. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
  4. "Ceol na Nollag" issued in Dublin by Cló Chaisil in cooperation with Foras na Gaeilge
  5. The Oxford Book of Carols (1964) , pp. 30–31, Percy Dearmer, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Martin Shaw (eds.), Oxford University Press

External links

Categories: