| Revision as of 07:49, 29 November 2024 editCitation bot (talk | contribs)Bots5,405,740 edits Added doi. Upgrade ISBN10 to 13. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Jay8g | #UCB_toolbar← Previous edit | Latest revision as of 22:16, 22 December 2024 edit undoGoingBatty (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, IP block exemptions, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers636,653 edits →Other selected sources: fixed link | ||
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| * {{Cite book |title=Another Gospel: Cults, Alternative Religions, and the New Age Movement |last=Tucker |first=Ruth A. |publisher=] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-310-25937-4}} | * {{Cite book |title=Another Gospel: Cults, Alternative Religions, and the New Age Movement |last=Tucker |first=Ruth A. |publisher=] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-310-25937-4}} | ||
| * {{Cite book |surname=Urban |given=Hugh B. |authorlink=Hugh Urban |year=2015 |title=New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America |publisher=University of California Press |place=Berkeley, Ca |isbn=978-0-520-28117-2 |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520281172/new-age-neopagan-and-new-religious-movements}} | * {{Cite book |surname=Urban |given=Hugh B. |authorlink=Hugh Urban |year=2015 |title=New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America |publisher=University of California Press |place=Berkeley, Ca |isbn=978-0-520-28117-2 |url=https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520281172/new-age-neopagan-and-new-religious-movements}} | ||
| * {{Cite book |title=Historical Dictionary of New Age Movements |last=York |first=Michael |publisher=] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8108-4873-3 |location=Lanham, Md |author-link=Michael York (religious studies scholar)}} | * {{Cite book |title=Historical Dictionary of New Age Movements |last=York |first=Michael |publisher=] |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8108-4873-3 |location=Lanham, Md |author-link=Michael York (religious studies scholar)}} | ||
| {{Refend}} | {{Refend}} | ||
Latest revision as of 22:16, 22 December 2024
A new religious movement (NRM) is a religious, ethical, or spiritual group or community with practices of relatively modern origins. NRMs may be novel in origin or they may exist on the fringes of a wider religion, in which case they will be distinct from pre-existing denominations. Academics identify a variety of characteristics which they employ in categorizing groups as new religious movements. The term is broad and inclusive, rather than sharply defined. New religious movements are generally seen as syncretic, employing human and material assets to disseminate their ideas and worldviews, deviating in some degree from a society's traditional forms or doctrines, focused especially upon the self, and having a peripheral relationship that exists in a state of tension with established societal conventions.
A NRM may be one of a wide range of movements ranging from those with loose affiliations based on novel approaches to spirituality or religion to communitarian enterprises that demand a considerable amount of group conformity and a social identity that separates their adherents from mainstream society. Use of the term NRM is not universally accepted among the groups to which it is applied. Scholars have estimated that NRMs now number in the tens of thousands worldwide. Most have only a few members, some have thousands, and very few have more than a million. Academics occasionally propose amendments to technical definitions and continue to add new groups.
List
This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.See also
- Governmental lists of cults and sects
- Hinduism-oriented new religious movements
- List of Christian denominations
- List of New Thought denominations and independent centers
- List of Neopagan movements
- List of religions and spiritual traditions
- List of sects in the Latter Day Saint movement
- New religious movements in the United States
- Sociological classifications of religious movements
Bibliography
Main sources
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- [Beit-Hallahmi 1997] Beit-Hallahmi, Benjamin (1997). The illustrated encyclopedia of active new religions, sects, and cults (Rev. ed.). New York: Rosen Pub. Group. ISBN 978-0-8239-2586-5.
- [Chryssides 2001] Chryssides, George D. (2001). Historical dictionary of new religious movements. Lanham, Md. : Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4095-9.
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- Lewis, James R.; Tøllefsen, Inga Bårdsen, eds. (2016) . The Oxford Handbook of New Religious Movements. Oxford Handbooks. Vol. 2 (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-046617-6.
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- Mayer, Jean-François; Kranenborg, Reender (2004). La naissance des nouvelles religions (in French). Genève: Georg. ISBN 978-2-8257-0877-4. Archived from the original on 2011-07-18. Retrieved 2009-12-26.
- Melton, J. Gordon, ed. (1990). New Age Encyclopedia. Detroit, Mi: Gale Research. ISBN 0-8103-7159-6.
- Melton, J. Gordon (1992) . Encyclopedic Handbook of Cults in America. Religious Information Series, 7 (Rev. and updated ed.). New York: Garland Publ. ISBN 0-8153-0502-8.
- Melton, J. Gordon (1999). Religious Leaders of America: A Biographical Guide to Founders and Leaders of Religious Bodies, Churches, and Spiritual Groups in North America (2nd ed.). Detroit, Mi: Gale Group. ISBN 0-8103-8878-2.
- Melton, J. Gordon; et al., eds. (2009) . Melton's Encyclopedia of American Religions (8th ed.). Detroit, MI: Gale Cengage Learning. ISBN 978-0-787-69696-2. (archive)
- Melton, J. Gordon; Baumann, Martin, eds. (2010). Religions of the world: a comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices (2nd ed.). Santa Barbara, Ca: ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-1-59884-203-6.
- Nelson, Geoffrey K. (1987). Cults, New Religions and Religious Creativity. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. ISBN 978-0-7102-0855-2.
- Partridge, Christopher (2004). New Religions: A Guide: New Religious Movements, Sects and Alternative Spiritualities. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-522042-1.
- Partridge, Christopher Hugh (2003). UFO Religions. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-26324-5.
- Peters, Shawn Francis (2008). When Prayer Fails: Faith Healing, Children, and the Law. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-530635-4.
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- Raphael, Melissa (April 1998). "Goddess Religion, Postmodern Jewish Feminism, and the Complexity of Alternative Religious Identities". Nova Religio. 1 (2): 198–215. doi:10.1525/nr.1998.1.2.198.
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- Tucker, Ruth A. (2004). Another Gospel: Cults, Alternative Religions, and the New Age Movement. Zondervan. ISBN 978-0-310-25937-4.
- Urban, Hugh B. (2015). New Age, Neopagan, and New Religious Movements: Alternative Spirituality in Contemporary America. Berkeley, Ca: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-28117-2.
- York, Michael (2004). Historical Dictionary of New Age Movements. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4873-3.
References
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- See:
* Ramstedt 2007, p. 6. "How can one find a definition of 'New Age' that will serve to bring so many different features together? One major difficulty in defining 'New Age' is that different writers draw different boundaries. Paul Heelas, for example, includes a significant number of what he calls the 'self religions': groups like Landmark Forum (also known simply as The Forum, formerly est or Erhard Seminar Training) and Programmes Limited (formerly Exegesis). Some writers trace the New Age back to William Blake (1757–1827); others see it as originating in the 'hippie' counter-culture in the USA in the 1960s, while the scholar of the New Age, Wouter Hanegraaff, places it later still, regarding it as beginning in the second half of the 1970s." - Aupers, Stef (2005). "'We Are All Gods': New Age in the Netherlands 1960–2000". In Sengers, Erik (ed.). The Dutch and Their Gods: Secularization and Transformation of Religion in the Netherlands. Studies in Dutch Religious History. Vol. 3. Hilversum: Verloren. ISBN 978-90-6550-867-6.
- See:
* Lewis 2004, p. 187. "These two opposing strategies of new religious movements for delivering compensators I will term 'compensation delivery systems' (CDS). The gradual CDS can best be described as religion as a multi-level marketing (MLM) tactic – a term I take from the business world Exemplars of new religious movements with a gradual CDS are Scientology and Erhard Seminar Training in its various manifestations."
* Saliba 2003, p. 88. "Many of the new religions attract individuals by the promise of peace of mind, spiritual well-being, gratifying experiences, and material success. In so doing they stress their concern for the individual and highlight one's personal worth and self-development. This is especially so in human growth movements such as Scientology, The Forum (previously known as Erhard Seminar Training ), and qualsi-religious encounter groups." - Clarke, Peter; Sutherland, Stewart, eds. (31 December 1991). The study of religion, traditional and new religions (Reprint ed.). London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-06432-3.
- See"
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External links
- Diskus The on-disk journal of international Religious Studies
- Hartford Institute of Religious Research: New religious movements
- Introvigne, Massimo (June 15, 2001). "The Future of Religion and the Future of New Religions". Retrieved 2006-12-13.
- Online texts about NRMs
- SSSR Resolution on New Religious Groups
- Hadden, Jeffrey K. and Douglas Cowan The New Religious Movements Homepage @The University of Virginia
- Religious Movements in the United States: An Informal Introduction
