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| It is usually thought of as the belief that all physical and behavioural phenotypes are determined mostly or exclusively by the genes. | It is usually thought of as the belief that all physical and behavioural phenotypes are determined mostly or exclusively by the genes. | ||
| This is sometimes attributed to biologists by the media or some in the social sciences, or attributed to proponents of ], though in this sense some biologists (e.g. Dawkins 2003) would consider it a ]. | This is sometimes attributed to biologists by the media or some in the social sciences, or attributed to proponents of ], though in this sense some biologists (e.g. Dawkins 2003) would consider it a ]. | ||
| Another, less strong definition is the belief that behavioral traits in animals and humans are to some extent influenced by genetics. | |||
| Some proponents of belief in ] charge that genetic determinism removes culpability. | Some proponents of belief in ] charge that genetic determinism removes culpability. | ||
Revision as of 03:04, 6 February 2007
Genetic determinism is the belief that genes largely determine physical and behavioral phenotypes. The term may be applied to the mapping of a single gene to a single phenotype or to the belief that most or all phenotypes are determined mostly or exclusively by genes. While the former is well established, the latter is very controversial.
General information
Evidence for the genetic influence on phenotypes comes from hereditary diseases, for instance, cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia, which are caused by mutations in single genes, and Down syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome by the abnormal duplication of a chromosome. Genetic determinism of behavioral traits is related to the field of neuropsychology.
Definitions of genetic determinism varies. It is usually thought of as the belief that all physical and behavioural phenotypes are determined mostly or exclusively by the genes. This is sometimes attributed to biologists by the media or some in the social sciences, or attributed to proponents of evolutionary psychology, though in this sense some biologists (e.g. Dawkins 2003) would consider it a straw man. Another, less strong definition is the belief that behavioral traits in animals and humans are to some extent influenced by genetics.
Some proponents of belief in free will charge that genetic determinism removes culpability. With diseases such as Down Syndrome and Huntingtons there is a clear "one chromosone aberration one disease" or "one gene one disease" diagnosis. Behavioral traits are more complex. Increasingly people are blaming their genes for aggressive behavior.
Political implications of genetic determinism
As a result of believing genetic determinism, many genetic determinists support social policies that are very controversial. Such policies deal mainly with the death and reproduction of criminals, psychopaths, and generally aggressive people.
In Fiction
- Children of the revolution A Comedy about Stalin's son's inescapable path into rebelion and eventually a revolution of any sort.
- In the television series Andromeda, the nietzschean species was geneticly programmed to be ambitious, treacherous, and brutal.
See also
References
- Dawkins, R., 2003. "The Myth of Genetic Determinism" in A Devil's Chaplain. London, Phoenix ISBN 0-7538-1750-0
External links
Critics
- Council for Responsible Genetics
- Greenspan, P.S. 1998. Free will and genetic determinism: locating the problem(s)
- Strohman, R.C. 2003. Genetic determinism as a failing paradigm in biology and medicine: Implications for Health and Wellness. Journal of Social Work Education
- A Christian response to genetic determinism
- General Term: Determinism
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