Jadgali language: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:15, 23 February 2021 editUanfala (talk \| contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users65,714 edits partial rv: sorry, I've just corrected the "native_name" in the infobox; otherwise: yes, the current version of this article is by no means the final word on the matter, but if you would like to make changes you'd need to use sources that are reliable; the discrepancy in the population figures are because they're based on rough estimates from different sources← Previous edit		Revision as of 19:50, 10 April 2021 edit undoCitation bot (talk \| contribs)Bots5,415,487 edits Removed parameters. \| Use this bot. Report bugs. \| Suggested by AManWithNoPlan \| Pages linked from cached User:AManWithNoPlan/sandbox3 \| via #UCB_webform_linked 181/1238Next edit →
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	== Bibliography ==		== Bibliography ==
	*{{Cite book\| last = Bashir\| first = Elena L.\| date = 2016\| chapter = Contact and convergence. Baluchistan\| editor1-last=Hock\|editor1-first=Hans Henrich\|editor1-link=Hans Henrich Hock\|editor2-last=Bashir\|editor2-first=Elena\|editor2-link=Elena Bashir\| title = The languages and linguistics of South Asia: a comprehensive guide\| series = World of Linguistics\| publisher = De Gruyter Mouton\| location = Berlin\| isbn = 978-3-11-042715-8\| pages = 271–84~~\| ref = harv~~}}		*{{Cite book\| last = Bashir\| first = Elena L.\| date = 2016\| chapter = Contact and convergence. Baluchistan\| editor1-last=Hock\|editor1-first=Hans Henrich\|editor1-link=Hans Henrich Hock\|editor2-last=Bashir\|editor2-first=Elena\|editor2-link=Elena Bashir\| title = The languages and linguistics of South Asia: a comprehensive guide\| series = World of Linguistics\| publisher = De Gruyter Mouton\| location = Berlin\| isbn = 978-3-11-042715-8\| pages = 271–84}}
	*{{Cite book\| author-last = Delforooz\| author-first = Behrooz Barjasteh\| chapter = A sociolinguistic survey among the Jagdal in Iranian Balochistan\| editor-last1 = Jahani\|editor-first1 = Carina\| editor-last2 = Korn\| editor-first2 = Agnes\| editor-last3 = Titus\| editor-first3 = Paul Brian\| title = The Baloch and others: linguistic, historical and socio-political perspectives on pluralism in Balochistan\| location = Wiesbaden\| date = 2008\| publisher = Reichert Verlag\| isbn = 978-3-89500-591-6\| pages = 23–44~~\| ref = harv~~}}		*{{Cite book\| author-last = Delforooz\| author-first = Behrooz Barjasteh\| chapter = A sociolinguistic survey among the Jagdal in Iranian Balochistan\| editor-last1 = Jahani\|editor-first1 = Carina\| editor-last2 = Korn\| editor-first2 = Agnes\| editor-last3 = Titus\| editor-first3 = Paul Brian\| title = The Baloch and others: linguistic, historical and socio-political perspectives on pluralism in Balochistan\| location = Wiesbaden\| date = 2008\| publisher = Reichert Verlag\| isbn = 978-3-89500-591-6\| pages = 23–44}}
	*{{Cite web\|title = Jadgali\| url = http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| archive-date = 2013-03-04\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130304134559/http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| editor-last1 = Lewis\| editor-first1 = M. Paul\| editor-last2 = Simons\| editor-first2 = Gary F.\| editor-last3 = Fennig\| editor-first3 = Charles D. \| website = ]\| year = 2013\| edition = 17\| ref = {{harvid\|Ethnologue\|2013}} }}		*{{Cite web\|title = Jadgali\| url = http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| archive-date = 2013-03-04\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130304134559/http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| editor-last1 = Lewis\| editor-first1 = M. Paul\| editor-last2 = Simons\| editor-first2 = Gary F.\| editor-last3 = Fennig\| editor-first3 = Charles D. \| website = ]\| year = 2013\| edition = 17\| ref = {{harvid\|Ethnologue\|2013}} }}
	*{{Cite web\|title = Jadgali\| url = http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| editor-last1 = Simons\| editor-first1 = Gary F.\| editor-last2 = Fennig\| editor-first2 = Charles D. \| website = ]\| year = 2017\| edition = 20\| ref = {{harvid\|Ethnologue\|2017}} }} (access limited).		*{{Cite web\|title = Jadgali\| url = http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| editor-last1 = Simons\| editor-first1 = Gary F.\| editor-last2 = Fennig\| editor-first2 = Charles D. \| website = ]\| year = 2017\| edition = 20\| ref = {{harvid\|Ethnologue\|2017}} }} (access limited).
	*{{Cite journal\| last = Spooner\| first = Brian\| date = 1969\| title = Politics, Kinship, and Ecology in Southeast Persia\| journal = Ethnology\| volume = 8\| issue = 2\| pages = 139–152\| issn = 0014-1828\| doi = 10.2307/3772976\| jstor = 3772976~~\| ref = harv~~\| url = https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1071&context=anthro_papers}}		*{{Cite journal\| last = Spooner\| first = Brian\| date = 1969\| title = Politics, Kinship, and Ecology in Southeast Persia\| journal = Ethnology\| volume = 8\| issue = 2\| pages = 139–152\| issn = 0014-1828\| doi = 10.2307/3772976\| jstor = 3772976\| url = https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1071&context=anthro_papers}}

	{{Languages of Pakistan}}		{{Languages of Pakistan}}

Revision as of 19:50, 10 April 2021

For other languages with the name, see Jadgali language (disambiguation).

Jadgali
Nummaṛī
Native to	Pakistan, Iran
Native speakers	no reliable data (2008)
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Northwestern Zone Sindhi Jadgali
Writing system	Arabic script (Nastaʿlīq)
Language codes
ISO 639-3	`jdg`
Glottolog	`jadg1238`

Jaḍgālī is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Jadgal, an ethno-linguistic group of Pakistan and Iran. It is one of only two Indo-Aryan languages found on the Iranian plateau. It is a dialect of Sindhi most closely related to Lasi.

The majority of the Jadgali population is found in Pakistan, where a 2004 estimate placed it at 15,600, and in Iran, where according to a 2008 estimate it is at least 25,000. There are also immigrant communities in Oman and the United Arab Emirates, where the Jadgal are known as az-zighālī or az-zijālī. In Iran at least two varieties are spoken, which are reportedly not easily intercomprehensible.

The term Jadgal is of Balochi origin, but it is nowadays used by the Jadgal themselves, alongside their earlier endonym Nummaṛ, which is the source of the language names Nummaṛī and Nummaṛikī.

Jadgali is underdocumented. According to Emeneau, it is likely to have been the source of early Indo-Aryan influences on Balochi and Brahui and therefore studies of the language could help bring insights into the linguistic history of the area.

In Iran

In Iran, Jadgali is spoken in the Dashtyari region in the south and south-east of Sistan and Balochistan Province, particularly in Pullān, Pīr Suhrāb and Bāhū Kalāt; all neighbouring communities are Balochi-speaking. Most speakers of Jadgali ethnically self-identify as Jadgal, while a small number see themselves as Jadgal-Baloch. In wider contexts, they identify as Baloch, and are fully accepted as such by the Balochi speakers, with whom they are physically and culturally indistinguishable. The Jadgal claim to be of Baloch origin and to have changed their language because of interactions with their neighbours at the time when they were settled in Las Bela, a region at the eastern end of Balochistan. According to this story, they left their homeland after a defeat from the ruler of Sindh and then moved westward, eventually settling in Dashtyari during the reign of Shah Abbas.

Balochi is the language of wider communication, all male adults are bilingual in it, and it is more likely to be the one passed on to children in mixed marriages. However, attitudes to Jadgali are positive and the language is vital. Persian is used relatively often. In addition to Balochi TV programmes, some people also watch Sindhi-language broadcasts from Pakistan.

References

Delforooz 2008, p. 25
"Ethnologue report for Jadgali". Ethnologue.
^ Delforooz 2008, p. 23.
Delforooz 2008, pp. 27–28. The similarity to Lasi emerged from a study of recordings of lexical items. The author notes that there nevertheless are differences in both pronunciation and lexicon.
Ethnologue 2017. Ethnologue had earlier estimated the population in Pakistan at 100,000.(Ethnologue 2013).
Delforooz 2008, p. 25. The corresponding 2004 estimate reported in Ethnologue (2017) was 10,000.
^ Delforooz 2008, p. 25.
Based on the testimony of one speaker. (Delforooz 2008, p. 28).
Delforooz 2008, p. 28.
Bashir 2016, pp. 272, 277.
Delforooz 2008, pp. 25, 28.
Delforooz 2008, p. 26.
^ Spooner 1969, p. 144.
Delforooz 2008, pp. 25–26.
Delforooz 2008, p. 42.
Delforooz 2008, pp. 41–42.
Delforooz 2008, pp. 36, 42.
Delforooz 2008, p. 33.

Bibliography

Bashir, Elena L. (2016). "Contact and convergence. Baluchistan". In Hock, Hans Henrich; Bashir, Elena (eds.). The languages and linguistics of South Asia: a comprehensive guide. World of Linguistics. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 271–84. ISBN 978-3-11-042715-8.
Delforooz, Behrooz Barjasteh (2008). "A sociolinguistic survey among the Jagdal in Iranian Balochistan". In Jahani, Carina; Korn, Agnes; Titus, Paul Brian (eds.). The Baloch and others: linguistic, historical and socio-political perspectives on pluralism in Balochistan. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag. pp. 23–44. ISBN 978-3-89500-591-6.
Lewis, M. Paul; Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2013). "Jadgali". Ethnologue (17 ed.). Archived from the original on 2013-03-04.
Simons, Gary F.; Fennig, Charles D., eds. (2017). "Jadgali". Ethnologue (20 ed.). (access limited).
Spooner, Brian (1969). "Politics, Kinship, and Ecology in Southeast Persia". Ethnology. 8 (2): 139–152. doi:10.2307/3772976. ISSN 0014-1828. JSTOR 3772976.

Languages of Pakistan

Official languages

Urdu (national)
English

Other languages
(by administrative unit)

Azad Kashmir	Dogri Gujari Kashmiri Kundal Shahi Pahari-Pothwari
Balochistan	Balochi Brahui Dehwari Hazaragi Jadgali Khetrani Pashto Wanetsi
Gilgit-Baltistan	Balti Burushaski Dawoodi Khowar Purgi Shina Wakhi
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa	Burushaski Badeshi Bateri Chilisso Dameli Gawar-Bati Gowro Hindko Indus Kohistani Kalami Kalasha-mun Kalkoti Kamviri Khowar Kohistani Shina Mankiyali Munji Ormuri Palula Pashto Sawi Shekhani Torwali Ushoji Wazir Yidgha
Punjab	Bagri Dogri Hindko Kabutra Marwari Mewari Pothwari Punjabi Punjabi dialects Saraiki Rajasthani Rangri
Sindh	Aer Bagri Bengali Bhaya Dhatki Goaria Gujarati Jandavra Jogi Koli Kachi Parkari Wadiyara Kutchi Loarki Marwari Memoni Mewari Od Rajasthani Rangri Sindhi Urdu Vaghri

Related topics

v t e Languages of Iran
Official language	Persian (Iranian)
Regional languages	Azerbaijani Achomi Kurdish Kurmanji Sorani Xwarin Laki Gorani Luri Gilaki Mazanderani Arabic Balochi Talysh Tati Qashqai Turkmen Semnani Khorasani Turkic
Minority languages	Armenian Assyrian Circassian Domari Georgian Hebrew Jadgali Zargari Romani Khalaj
Working languages	English French Russian
Sign languages	Persian Sign Language Qahveh Khaneh Sign Language

Indo-Aryan languages

Dardic

Kashmiri	Kashmiri Kishtwari
Shina	Shina Brokskat Kundal Shahi Kalkoti Ushoji Palula Sawi
Pashayi	Pashayi
Kunar	Dameli Gawar-Bati Nangalami Shumashti Wotapuri-Katarqalai
Chitral	Kalasha Khowar
Hazara Division	Indus Kohistani Bateri Chilisso Gowro Kalami Tirahi Mankiyali

Northern

Eastern	Doteli Jumli Nepali
Central	Garhwali Kumaoni
Western	Dogri Kangri Bhadarwahi Churahi Bhateali Bilaspuri Chambeali Gaddi Pangwali Mandeali Mahasu Pahari Jaunsari Kullui Pahari Kinnauri Hinduri Sirmauri Sarazi

Northwestern

Punjabi

Eastern	Punjabi dialects Sansi
Lahnda	Hindko Inku Khetrani Pahari-Pothwari Saraiki

Sindhi

Western

Gujarati	Aer Gujarati Lisan ud-Dawat Jandavra Koli Kachi Parkari Wadiyara Saurashtra Vaghri
Rajasthani	Bagri Goaria Loarki Gujari Dhundari Harauti Malvi Marwari Mewati Mewari Shekhawati Dhatki Od Nimadi
Bhil	Bhili Bhilali Chodri Dhodia–Kukna Dhanki Dubli Bauria Bhilori Mawchi Magari Palya Bareli Pauri Bareli Rathwi Bareli Pardhi Gamit Kalto Vasavi Wagdi Vaagri Booli
Others	Khandeshi Lambadi Dawoodi Domari Romani list of languages

Central

Western	Braj Bhasha Bundeli Haryanvi Hindustani Kauravi Hindi Hinglish/Urdish Urdu Deccani Judeo-Urdu Hyderabadi Urdu Rekhta Kannauji Sansi Sadhukkadi
Eastern	Awadhi Bagheli Chhattisgarhi Fiji Hindi
Others	Parya

Eastern

Bihari

Bhojpuric	Bhojpuri Caribbean Hindustani
Magahi	Magahi Khortha
Maithili	Maithili Angika Bajjika
Sadanic	Sadri Kurmali
Tharuic	Tharu Kochila Buksa Majhi Musasa
Others	Kumhali Kuswaric Bote-Darai Danwar

Gauda–
Kamarupa

Bengali	Bengali dialects Bishnupriya Manipuri Hajong Kharia Thar Kurmukar Mal Paharia Noakhailla Sylheti Tanchangya
Kamarupic	Assamese Kamrupi Goalpariya Rajbanshi (Nepal) Rangpuri Surjapuri
Chittagonian	Chittagonian Chakma Rohingya

Odia

Halbic

Southern

Marathi–
Konkani

Marathic	Marathi Varhadi Andh Berar Deccan Varli Phudagi Katkari Kadodi
Konkanic	Konkani Maharashtrian Konkani Canarese Konkani

Insular

Old

Middle

Early	Ashokan Prakrit Pāli Early Ardhamagadhi
Middle (Prakrit)	Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dramatic Prakrits Ardhamagadhi Magadhi Maharashtri Shauraseni Gāndhārī Gaudi Paishachi
Late (Apabhraṃśa)	Abahattha Apabhraṃśa Elu Kamarupi Khasa Prakrit

Proto-
languages

Unclassified

Badeshi (unknown further classification)
Bazigar
Chinali–Lahul
- Chinali
- Lahul Lohar
Sheikhgal

Pidgins
and creoles

See also: Indo-Iranian languages; Nuristani languages; Iranian languages

Categories:

Revision as of 15:15, 23 February 2021 editUanfala (talk \| contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users65,714 edits partial rv: sorry, I've just corrected the "native_name" in the infobox; otherwise: yes, the current version of this article is by no means the final word on the matter, but if you would like to make changes you'd need to use sources that are reliable; the discrepancy in the population figures are because they're based on rough estimates from different sources← Previous edit		Revision as of 19:50, 10 April 2021 edit undoCitation bot (talk \| contribs)Bots5,415,487 edits Removed parameters. \| Use this bot. Report bugs. \| Suggested by AManWithNoPlan \| Pages linked from cached User:AManWithNoPlan/sandbox3 \| via #UCB_webform_linked 181/1238Next edit →
Line 36:		Line 36:

	== Bibliography ==		== Bibliography ==
	*{{Cite book\| last = Bashir\| first = Elena L.\| date = 2016\| chapter = Contact and convergence. Baluchistan\| editor1-last=Hock\|editor1-first=Hans Henrich\|editor1-link=Hans Henrich Hock\|editor2-last=Bashir\|editor2-first=Elena\|editor2-link=Elena Bashir\| title = The languages and linguistics of South Asia: a comprehensive guide\| series = World of Linguistics\| publisher = De Gruyter Mouton\| location = Berlin\| isbn = 978-3-11-042715-8\| pages = 271–84~~\| ref = harv~~}}		*{{Cite book\| last = Bashir\| first = Elena L.\| date = 2016\| chapter = Contact and convergence. Baluchistan\| editor1-last=Hock\|editor1-first=Hans Henrich\|editor1-link=Hans Henrich Hock\|editor2-last=Bashir\|editor2-first=Elena\|editor2-link=Elena Bashir\| title = The languages and linguistics of South Asia: a comprehensive guide\| series = World of Linguistics\| publisher = De Gruyter Mouton\| location = Berlin\| isbn = 978-3-11-042715-8\| pages = 271–84}}
	*{{Cite book\| author-last = Delforooz\| author-first = Behrooz Barjasteh\| chapter = A sociolinguistic survey among the Jagdal in Iranian Balochistan\| editor-last1 = Jahani\|editor-first1 = Carina\| editor-last2 = Korn\| editor-first2 = Agnes\| editor-last3 = Titus\| editor-first3 = Paul Brian\| title = The Baloch and others: linguistic, historical and socio-political perspectives on pluralism in Balochistan\| location = Wiesbaden\| date = 2008\| publisher = Reichert Verlag\| isbn = 978-3-89500-591-6\| pages = 23–44~~\| ref = harv~~}}		*{{Cite book\| author-last = Delforooz\| author-first = Behrooz Barjasteh\| chapter = A sociolinguistic survey among the Jagdal in Iranian Balochistan\| editor-last1 = Jahani\|editor-first1 = Carina\| editor-last2 = Korn\| editor-first2 = Agnes\| editor-last3 = Titus\| editor-first3 = Paul Brian\| title = The Baloch and others: linguistic, historical and socio-political perspectives on pluralism in Balochistan\| location = Wiesbaden\| date = 2008\| publisher = Reichert Verlag\| isbn = 978-3-89500-591-6\| pages = 23–44}}
	*{{Cite web\|title = Jadgali\| url = http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| archive-date = 2013-03-04\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130304134559/http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| editor-last1 = Lewis\| editor-first1 = M. Paul\| editor-last2 = Simons\| editor-first2 = Gary F.\| editor-last3 = Fennig\| editor-first3 = Charles D. \| website = ]\| year = 2013\| edition = 17\| ref = {{harvid\|Ethnologue\|2013}} }}		*{{Cite web\|title = Jadgali\| url = http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| archive-date = 2013-03-04\|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130304134559/http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| editor-last1 = Lewis\| editor-first1 = M. Paul\| editor-last2 = Simons\| editor-first2 = Gary F.\| editor-last3 = Fennig\| editor-first3 = Charles D. \| website = ]\| year = 2013\| edition = 17\| ref = {{harvid\|Ethnologue\|2013}} }}
	*{{Cite web\|title = Jadgali\| url = http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| editor-last1 = Simons\| editor-first1 = Gary F.\| editor-last2 = Fennig\| editor-first2 = Charles D. \| website = ]\| year = 2017\| edition = 20\| ref = {{harvid\|Ethnologue\|2017}} }} (access limited).		*{{Cite web\|title = Jadgali\| url = http://www.ethnologue.com/language/jdg\| editor-last1 = Simons\| editor-first1 = Gary F.\| editor-last2 = Fennig\| editor-first2 = Charles D. \| website = ]\| year = 2017\| edition = 20\| ref = {{harvid\|Ethnologue\|2017}} }} (access limited).
	*{{Cite journal\| last = Spooner\| first = Brian\| date = 1969\| title = Politics, Kinship, and Ecology in Southeast Persia\| journal = Ethnology\| volume = 8\| issue = 2\| pages = 139–152\| issn = 0014-1828\| doi = 10.2307/3772976\| jstor = 3772976~~\| ref = harv~~\| url = https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1071&context=anthro_papers}}		*{{Cite journal\| last = Spooner\| first = Brian\| date = 1969\| title = Politics, Kinship, and Ecology in Southeast Persia\| journal = Ethnology\| volume = 8\| issue = 2\| pages = 139–152\| issn = 0014-1828\| doi = 10.2307/3772976\| jstor = 3772976\| url = https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1071&context=anthro_papers}}

	{{Languages of Pakistan}}		{{Languages of Pakistan}}