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| '''Ziauddin Barani''' was an ]n ] political ] who lived in ] and ]'s |
'''Ziauddin Barani''' (] - ]) was an ]n ] political ] who lived in ] and ]'s reign.He was best known for composing the Fatwa-i-Jahandari which details the Muslim Caste System in South Asia. | ||
| ==Life== | |||
| He was born in aristocratic Muslim family in ] in which his father, uncle, and grandfather all working in high government posts onder the ]. Barani never held a post, but was a companion of ] for seventeen years. After Tughlaq was deposed, he fell out of favor. In "Exile" he wrote two pieces dealing with government, religion, and history, which he hoped would endear him to the new Sultan, ]. He was not rewarded for his works and died poor in ]. <ref name="b">Basham p.458</ref> | |||
| ==Works== | |||
| ==Fatwa-i-Jahandari== | |||
| His fatwa would condone segregation of the Muslim "Ashraf" upper castes and "Ajlaf" low castes, in addition to the "Azral" undercastes or the ] Muslims who are regarded as "ritually polluted" by the Ashraf<ref name="one">by Zarina Bhatty</ref><ref name="one"> | |||
| {{cite book| last = Aggarwal | first = Patrap | authorlink = Patrap C. Aggarwal | title = Caste and Social Stratification Among Muslims in India | publisher = Manohar | {{cite book| last = Aggarwal | first = Patrap | authorlink = Patrap C. Aggarwal | title = Caste and Social Stratification Among Muslims in India | publisher = Manohar | ||
| | date = 1978 }}</ref><ref name="Ambedkar">{{cite book | last = Ambedkar | first = Bhimrao | authorlink = B.R. Ambedkar | title = Pakistan or the Partition of India | publisher = Thackers Publishers }}</ref><ref name="Ambedkaronline"></ref>. | | date = 1978 }}</ref><ref name="Ambedkar">{{cite book | last = Ambedkar | first = Bhimrao | authorlink = B.R. Ambedkar | title = Pakistan or the Partition of India | publisher = Thackers Publishers }}</ref><ref name="Ambedkaronline"></ref>. | ||
| ==Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi== | |||
| ''Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi'' (Firuz Shah's Hisory) was an interpretation of the history of the ] up to the then-present ]. Then interpretation noted that the Sultan's who followed the rules of Barani had succeeded in their endeavors while those that did not, or those who had sinned, met the ].<ref name="b" /> | |||
| ==References== | |||
| *Basham, A.L. <u>Sources of Indian Tradition Volume 1</u>. Columbia University Press 1958. ISBN ] | |||
| ==Notes== | ==Notes== | ||
| {{reflist|1}} | |||
| <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count:2; column-count:2;"> | |||
| <references/> | |||
| </div> | |||
| ==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
Revision as of 17:12, 26 March 2007
Ziauddin Barani (1285 - 1357) was an Indian muslim political thinker who lived in Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Phirozshah's reign.He was best known for composing the Fatwa-i-Jahandari which details the Muslim Caste System in South Asia.
Life
He was born in aristocratic Muslim family in 1385 in which his father, uncle, and grandfather all working in high government posts onder the Sultan of Delhi. Barani never held a post, but was a companion of Muhammad bin Tughlaq for seventeen years. After Tughlaq was deposed, he fell out of favor. In "Exile" he wrote two pieces dealing with government, religion, and history, which he hoped would endear him to the new Sultan, Firuz Shah Tughlaq. He was not rewarded for his works and died poor in 1357.
Works
Fatwa-i-Jahandari
His fatwa would condone segregation of the Muslim "Ashraf" upper castes and "Ajlaf" low castes, in addition to the "Azral" undercastes or the Dalit Muslims who are regarded as "ritually polluted" by the Ashraf.
Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi
Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi (Firuz Shah's Hisory) was an interpretation of the history of the Delhi Sultanate up to the then-present Firuz Shah Tughlak. Then interpretation noted that the Sultan's who followed the rules of Barani had succeeded in their endeavors while those that did not, or those who had sinned, met the Nemesis.
References
- Basham, A.L. Sources of Indian Tradition Volume 1. Columbia University Press 1958. ISBN 0-231-08600-8
Notes
- ^ Basham p.458
- ^ Social Stratification Among Muslims in Indiaby Zarina Bhatty Cite error: The named reference "one" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- Ambedkar, Bhimrao. Pakistan or the Partition of India. Thackers Publishers.
- Web resource for Pakistan or the Partition of India
See Also
Caste system among South Asian Muslims
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