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'''Naidu''' or '''Nayudu''' or '''Naidoo''' is a common title used by various social groups of ]. It is a derivative of the ] word Nayakudu. It is the title used by Telugu groups such as ] and its Sub Castes like ] and ].And is widely used in Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu,Karnataka and Orissa.
Naidu
Naidu or Nayudu or Naidoo (derivative of ]) is a common title used by various social groups of ] and some of the ] speaking populations in ], ] an ].Majority of the Title users are ] speakers. It is a derivative of the ] word Nayakudu or ] and was predominantly used by ], ], and ] under the ]s. It is often used by two or more communities, like ] (and their sub-casts ], ], ]) who use the Naidu title exclusively while ]s adapt the title only in specific regions. In south Tamil Nadu, Naicker or (Nayaker) title, which is the Tamil word for Naidu, is used by some Telugu speaking communities. In South Africa, people of Telugu descent use a Nayudu or Naidoo title; which is an alternative spelling for Naidu.At times it can be misleading or confusing to assume these title users to any one specific community in any given region.
==Name and Origins==
===Name===
] or ], as an origin can be traced out to the Western Chalukyan Expansion into ] Country rule during the 7th Century A.D. Naidu title in the Medieval times was associated with primarily with communities such as ] / ] / ] initially and later ]s and ]s who served as Commanders under various Andhra Dynasities like ], ] and ].


Other Communities like Kamma and some Native Tamil Communities use the title Naicker.] is the Tamil word for Naidu widely used in South ].
===Origins===

It is a title denoting a village or ] headman or ] or ] and was granted by Kings for those who were responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining order. As such eventually in modern times it was inherited as a title by many although they no longer were either collecting taxes or were in any in leadership positions in villages. It is a Telugu derivation of the ] title for a head of a band of soldiers known as ] the protector.

During the expansion of ] into Southern India it was also conferred to other non-Telugu speaking communities who served as Commanders or Barons or Governors under the Vijayanagar Emperors.
==Origins==

It is a title denoting a village or Lineage headman or Commander or Governor and was granted by Kings for those who were responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining order. As such eventually in Modern times it was inherited as a title by many although they no longer were either collecting taxes or were in any in leadership positions in villages. It is a Telugu derivation of the ] title for a head of a band of soldiers known as ] the protector.

Nayaka as an origin can be traced out to the Western Chalukyan Expansion into Andhra Country rule during the 7th Century A.D. Naidu title in the Medieval times was associated with primarily with communities such as Kapu / Balija / Telaga initially and later Velamas and Kammas who served as Commanders under various Andhra Dynasities like Chalukya, Kakatiya and Vijayanagar. During the expansion of Vijayanagar Kingdom into Southern India it was conferred to other non-Telugu Speaking communities who served as Commanders or Barons or Governors under the Vijayanagar Emperors in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Hence the widespread usage of Naidu among lots of Non Telugu Speaking Communities in States like ''Tamil Nadu'',''Karnataka'' and ''Orissa'' can be noted.


==Title usage== ==Title usage==
The word ] (Nayaka, a leader or chief) is used by the older writers in ] in several senses, of which the following ex. given by Yule and Burnell may be cited:
1. Native captain or headman
2. Title of honor among Hindus in the ]. "The kings of Deccan also have a custom when they will honor a man or recompense their service done, and raise him to dignity and honor. They give him the title of Nayak." -Linschoten
3. The general name of the Kings of Vijayanagar.
4. Naik, Naickan, Naicker, Nayak or Nayakkan has been used by the Tamil Pallis, Vanniars, Irulas, Vedans, and also by various Kanada castes:
===Andhra Pradesh===
According to Edgar Thurston (Castes and Tribes of Southern India Vol. 5 pg. 138) Naidu or Nayudu is a title used by many Telugu castes. (In Alphabetical Order)
*1. ] - All
*2. ] - All
*3. ] - n/a
*4. ] - Some
*5. ] - All
*6. ] – n/a
*7. ] – n/a
*8. ] – n/a


The word Naik (Nayaka, a leader or chief) is used by the older writers in southern India in several senses, of which the following ex. given by Yule and Burnell may be cited:
===Tamil Nadu===
In ] the Naidu and ] title usage is used by most of the ] speaking communities and some ] speaking communities (] District). The ] Naidus who are mostly found in ], ] and Northern districts use Naidu title while in South districts they use the ] title. The community of ]s who are predominant in ] and western ] use Naidu title in ] and ] title in Southern Districts. The communities of ] Naidus and their sub-sects, who are scattered in all districts, use only Naidu title.


#Native captain or headman
====Chennai ====
#Title of honor among Hindus in the Deccan. "The kings of deccan also have a custom when they will honor a man or recompence their service done, and raise him to dignity and honor. They give him the title of Nayak." -Linschoten
Naidu title is used by ], ] and ]s.
#The general name of the Kings of Vijayanagar.
#Naik, Naickan, Naicker, Nayak or Nayakkan has been used by the Tamil Pallis, ]s, Irulas, Vedans, and also by various Kanada castes:


====Coimbatore==== ===Telugu===
In ], the ] speaking populations are predominantly ]s and everyone uses Naidu title.


According to Edgar Thurston (Castes and Tribes of Southern India Vol. 5 pg. 138) Naidu or Nayudu is a title used by many Telugu castes.( In Alphabetical Order)
====South Tamil Nadu ====
#Balija
=====Nayaker Title=====
#Gavara
The Telugu communities ] (Gollala) and ] ,predominantly found in the South West districts use the title ] but rarely the Naidu title.
#Kalingi
]s in Southern districts starting from ], ], and upto ] use Naicker title.
#Kamma
In ] and ]s the Naicker title is also used by a section of ] speaking communities.
#Kapu
#Mudiraju
#Telaga
#Velama


===] and ]=== ===Tulu===
1. Mogers in some parts of South Canara prefer the title Naiker to the ordinary caste title of Marakaleru. #Mogers in some parts of South Canara prefer the title Naiker to the ordinary caste title of Marakaleru.
2. Some Bunts have the same title. #Some Bunts have the same title.
3. The headman amongst the Lambadis is called Naik. #The headman amongst the Lambadis is called Naik.
4. Naicker also occurs as a hereditary title in some Brahman families. #Naicker also occurs as a hereditary title in some Brahman families.
#Naik, Naiko or Nayako appears as the title of various Oriya classes.
===Orissa===
In the state of ],the title ], ] or ] appears as the title of various Oriya classes.
==Usage abroad==
===South Africa===


== Tamil Nadu==
It is used as a surname in ] where a variant spelling Naidoo or Nayudu. The usage may or may not denote ] ancestry any longer as intermarriage has diluted such identities.
In ] ] title is used only by people of ] origins, whereas Tamil speaking communities in ] dirstrct use ] title. On the whole Naicker is nothing but ] in ].


===Sri Lanka=== ===Chennai===
]s in ] usually are [[Balija Naidus or Kapu naidus and Kammas.
In ] the title Naidu and Nayakar, is used amongst people the ] (]) population of Indian origins, largely due to the Nayakar or ] (1739-1815), who were Telugu speaking descendants of ] kings. The last rulers are also known as the ] Dynasty of Kandy. ] is used by Singhalese population in Central and Hill Countries of the Island.
===Coimbatore===
The most predominant section of communities that use ] are Balijas and Kammas in ] District. Balija Naidus (Gavara/Gajula)Kamma]] in southern Districts use ] title,while the title(Naicker) is also used by other Telugu speaking communities in those districts.


===Mauritius=== ===Naicker Title===
In ] it is a surname among people of ] origins, not necessarily ] speaking, but also amongst ] speaking population.


There are also Kavarai Naidus( Gavara Balija Naidus) scattered in Tamil Nadu. Gajula Balija Naidus(Valaiyal Chettis in Tamil)are major branch of Gavara Balija Naidus.According to Thurston Madura,Thanjavur Nayaka dynasties and VijayaNagar dynasties belong to Balija Naidu caste. Telugu Communities like ] and ] in Southern districts like (], ], ])and uptil ] also use Naicker title. Communities like ] and ] also use the title '''Naicker'''.Munnuru Kapus of Andhra pradesh are migrated Balija Naidus from Tamilnadu.
===Fiji, Guyana and West Indies===
In ], ] ,] and it is a surname of the broader ] and has lost its ] origins completely.


===Malaysia=== ==Usage abroad==
It is used as a surname in ] where a variant spelling '''Naidoo''' is used amongst its Tamil citizens. The usage does not denote Telugu ancestry any longer as intermarriage has diluted such identities. In ] it is used amongst the Indian origin ] and in ] it is a surname of Tamil populations. In ], ] and ] it is a surname of the broader ] and has losts its ] origins completely.In]it used by Telugus to denote their Telugu ancestory
In ] it used by Telugus to denote their Telugu ancestry.
===Dynasties===
All governors of ] used the ] title, of whom many who established independent sovereigns in ] bearing the Nayak surnames. Notable of them were the
*Nayaks of ]
*Nayaks of ]
*]
*]
*] (Sri Lanka)
Nayaks were also used by various other rulers, chieftains and Polygars in Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Hyder Ali of Mysore was also known as Hyder Naik.


==Prominent persons==
* Periyar , EVR, E.V. Ramaswami Naicker of Dravida Kazhagam (Kannada Naidu) (DMK, AIADMK, MDMK etc and other prominent political parties of Tamil Nadu are derived from DK which was started by EVR and Annadurai) Refer http://en.wikipedia.org/Periyar_Ramasami
* Sri Grandhi Venkata Reddy Naidu - Hails from the famous Grandhi family of West Godavari District. Pre-independence, Sri Naidu was a lawyer by profession, and was active in the West Godavari political scene. He later went on to be elected Member of the Legislative Assembly when Andhra Pradesh was formed and was appointed the Minister for Law and Endowments in AP's first cabinet led by Chief Minister Sanjeeva Reddy. (Kapu, Balija Naidu)
* Sir Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*(S.V.R),Samarla Venkata Ranga Rao(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Kannamba(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Mahanati Savithri(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Devika(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*G .(Garikepati)VaraLakshmi (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*], Cottari Kanakaiah Naidu, first Indian cricket team captain(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Justice Grandhi Bhavani Prasad - Current Justice in the Andhra Pradesh High Court and grandson of former Law Minister Sri Grandhi Venkata Reddy Naidu, Justice Bhavani Prasad is a well-known figure in the Andhra Pradesh judicial system where he served for more than 30 years. (Kapu, Balija Naidu)
* Padmabhuashan Megastar chiranjeevi(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Dasari Narayana Rao(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Kodi Rama murthy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Famous dancer Sobha Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*Thapi Dharma Rao Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
*M(Marrikonda) Chalapathi Rao,Eminent journalist,friend of Jawaharlal Nehru(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* ], Chairman ] of ]
* Jayaseelan "Jay" Naidoo - South African anti-apartheid activitst and former leader of South African trade union, COSATU. Candidate number six on the alliance list for the National Assembly and was duely elected to parliament. In 1994 Naidoo was appointed Minister without Portfolio in the GNU charged with the responsibility of overseeing the Reconstruction and Development Programme. He was given the post of Minister of Posts, Telecommunications and Broadcasting in March 1996 till the second democratic elections (June 1999).
*
*
*] German Singer of South African Indian Tamil descent
*] Prominent Tamil Nadu ] politician
*] - Australian broadcaster
*] - South African freedom fighter
*] - Actress in 50's and 60's.1954 ].
*Victor Venkat Naidu: First Secretary - Fiji Girmit Festival
*M.R.Radha (Balija Naidu)
*Vijaya Kanth: The famous tamil actor turned politician (Balija Naidu)
*Sneha: One of the top actress of South Indian film industry (Gavara Naidu)
* P (Punjala) Shiva Shankar(Kapu Naidu)
*K(Kancherla)Keshava Rao(Kapu Naidu)
* D K Adikesavalu Naidu (MP, Chittoor AP, and Businessman, Liquor Baron and Trustee of Puttaparti Saibaba Foundation) (Balija Naidu)
* M.S.Ramaiah(Educational institutes in Bangalore (Balija Naidu)
* Kandula Veera Raghava Swamy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Mandapaka Rangayya Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Thota Narasayya Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Polisetty Swamy Naidu (Freedom Fighter)(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
* Pagadala Ramaswamy Sudershan Naidu (Freedom Fighter - Hyderabad)(Kapu Naidu)
* Puligundla Sandeep Naidu (Chittoor)
* ](Kamma Naidu)
* M. Venkaiah Naidu(Kamma Naidu)
* Nalanagula Manoj Kumar
*] Former Union Minister (Kapu Naidu)
* Dr G V Rao, Ph D., Forensic DNA Expert, India


== See also == == See also ==
Line 84: Line 111:
==External links== ==External links==


*




Revision as of 10:01, 1 February 2007

Naidu or Nayudu or Naidoo is a common title used by various social groups of Andhra Pradesh. It is a derivative of the Telugu word Nayakudu. It is the title used by Telugu groups such as Kapu and its Sub Castes like Telaga and Balija.And is widely used in Andhra Pradesh,Tamil Nadu,Karnataka and Orissa.

Other Communities like Kamma and some Native Tamil Communities use the title Naicker.] is the Tamil word for Naidu widely used in South Tamil Nadu.


Origins

It is a title denoting a village or Lineage headman or Commander or Governor and was granted by Kings for those who were responsible for collecting taxes and maintaining order. As such eventually in Modern times it was inherited as a title by many although they no longer were either collecting taxes or were in any in leadership positions in villages. It is a Telugu derivation of the Sanskrit title for a head of a band of soldiers known as Nayaka the protector.

Nayaka as an origin can be traced out to the Western Chalukyan Expansion into Andhra Country rule during the 7th Century A.D. Naidu title in the Medieval times was associated with primarily with communities such as Kapu / Balija / Telaga initially and later Velamas and Kammas who served as Commanders under various Andhra Dynasities like Chalukya, Kakatiya and Vijayanagar. During the expansion of Vijayanagar Kingdom into Southern India it was conferred to other non-Telugu Speaking communities who served as Commanders or Barons or Governors under the Vijayanagar Emperors in Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. Hence the widespread usage of Naidu among lots of Non Telugu Speaking Communities in States like Tamil Nadu,Karnataka and Orissa can be noted.

Title usage

The word Naik (Nayaka, a leader or chief) is used by the older writers in southern India in several senses, of which the following ex. given by Yule and Burnell may be cited:

  1. Native captain or headman
  2. Title of honor among Hindus in the Deccan. "The kings of deccan also have a custom when they will honor a man or recompence their service done, and raise him to dignity and honor. They give him the title of Nayak." -Linschoten
  3. The general name of the Kings of Vijayanagar.
  4. Naik, Naickan, Naicker, Nayak or Nayakkan has been used by the Tamil Pallis, Vanniars, Irulas, Vedans, and also by various Kanada castes:

Telugu

According to Edgar Thurston (Castes and Tribes of Southern India Vol. 5 pg. 138) Naidu or Nayudu is a title used by many Telugu castes.( In Alphabetical Order)

  1. Balija
  2. Gavara
  3. Kalingi
  4. Kamma
  5. Kapu
  6. Mudiraju
  7. Telaga
  8. Velama

Tulu

  1. Mogers in some parts of South Canara prefer the title Naiker to the ordinary caste title of Marakaleru.
  2. Some Bunts have the same title.
  3. The headman amongst the Lambadis is called Naik.
  4. Naicker also occurs as a hereditary title in some Brahman families.
  5. Naik, Naiko or Nayako appears as the title of various Oriya classes.

Tamil Nadu

In Tamil Nadu Naidu title is used only by people of Telugu origins, whereas Tamil speaking communities in Arcot dirstrct use Naicker title. On the whole Naicker is nothing but Naidu in Tamil.

Chennai

Naidus in Chennai usually are [[Balija Naidus or Kapu naidus and Kammas.

Coimbatore

The most predominant section of communities that use Naidu are Balijas and Kammas in Coimbatore District. Balija Naidus (Gavara/Gajula)Kamma]] in southern Districts use Naicker title,while the title(Naicker) is also used by other Telugu speaking communities in those districts.

Naicker Title

There are also Kavarai Naidus( Gavara Balija Naidus) scattered in Tamil Nadu. Gajula Balija Naidus(Valaiyal Chettis in Tamil)are major branch of Gavara Balija Naidus.According to Thurston Madura,Thanjavur Nayaka dynasties and VijayaNagar dynasties belong to Balija Naidu caste. Telugu Communities like Balija and Kamma in Southern districts like (Dindigul, Karur, Madurai)and uptil Tirunelveli also use Naicker title. Communities like Kambala and Thottiar also use the title Naicker.Munnuru Kapus of Andhra pradesh are migrated Balija Naidus from Tamilnadu.

Usage abroad

It is used as a surname in South Africa where a variant spelling Naidoo is used amongst its Tamil citizens. The usage does not denote Telugu ancestry any longer as intermarriage has diluted such identities. In Sri Lanka it is used amongst the Indian origin Hill Country Tamils and in Mauritius it is a surname of Tamil populations. In Fiji, Trinidad and Tobago and Guyana it is a surname of the broader Indian diaspora and has losts its South Indian origins completely.InMalaysia it used by Telugus to denote their Telugu ancestory

Prominent persons

  • Periyar , EVR, E.V. Ramaswami Naicker of Dravida Kazhagam (Kannada Naidu) (DMK, AIADMK, MDMK etc and other prominent political parties of Tamil Nadu are derived from DK which was started by EVR and Annadurai) Refer http://en.wikipedia.org/Periyar_Ramasami
  • Sri Grandhi Venkata Reddy Naidu - Hails from the famous Grandhi family of West Godavari District. Pre-independence, Sri Naidu was a lawyer by profession, and was active in the West Godavari political scene. He later went on to be elected Member of the Legislative Assembly when Andhra Pradesh was formed and was appointed the Minister for Law and Endowments in AP's first cabinet led by Chief Minister Sanjeeva Reddy. (Kapu, Balija Naidu)
  • Sir Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • (S.V.R),Samarla Venkata Ranga Rao(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Kannamba(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Mahanati Savithri(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Devika(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • G .(Garikepati)VaraLakshmi (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • C. K. Naidu, Cottari Kanakaiah Naidu, first Indian cricket team captain(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Justice Grandhi Bhavani Prasad - Current Justice in the Andhra Pradesh High Court and grandson of former Law Minister Sri Grandhi Venkata Reddy Naidu, Justice Bhavani Prasad is a well-known figure in the Andhra Pradesh judicial system where he served for more than 30 years. (Kapu, Balija Naidu)
  • Padmabhuashan Megastar chiranjeevi(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Dasari Narayana Rao(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Raghupathi Venkaiah Naidu (Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Kodi Rama murthy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Famous dancer Sobha Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Dwaram Venkataswamy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Thapi Dharma Rao Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • M(Marrikonda) Chalapathi Rao,Eminent journalist,friend of Jawaharlal Nehru(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • K.G. Baalakrishnan, Chairman KG Denim Limited of Tamil Nadu
  • Jayaseelan "Jay" Naidoo - South African anti-apartheid activitst and former leader of South African trade union, COSATU. Candidate number six on the alliance list for the National Assembly and was duely elected to parliament. In 1994 Naidoo was appointed Minister without Portfolio in the GNU charged with the responsibility of overseeing the Reconstruction and Development Programme. He was given the post of Minister of Posts, Telecommunications and Broadcasting in March 1996 till the second democratic elections (June 1999).
  • Anand Naidoo, CNN anchor
  • Prishani Naidoo, A South African writer
  • Xavier Naidoo German Singer of South African Indian Tamil descent
  • Vaiko Prominent Tamil Nadu nationalistic politician
  • Indira Naidoo - Australian broadcaster
  • Amma Naidoo - South African freedom fighter
  • Leela Naidu - Actress in 50's and 60's.1954 Miss India.
  • Victor Venkat Naidu: First Secretary - Fiji Girmit Festival
  • M.R.Radha (Balija Naidu)
  • Vijaya Kanth: The famous tamil actor turned politician (Balija Naidu)
  • Sneha: One of the top actress of South Indian film industry (Gavara Naidu)
  • P (Punjala) Shiva Shankar(Kapu Naidu)
  • K(Kancherla)Keshava Rao(Kapu Naidu)
  • D K Adikesavalu Naidu (MP, Chittoor AP, and Businessman, Liquor Baron and Trustee of Puttaparti Saibaba Foundation) (Balija Naidu)
  • M.S.Ramaiah(Educational institutes in Bangalore (Balija Naidu)
  • Kandula Veera Raghava Swamy Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Mandapaka Rangayya Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Thota Narasayya Naidu(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Polisetty Swamy Naidu (Freedom Fighter)(Kapu,Balija Naidu)
  • Pagadala Ramaswamy Sudershan Naidu (Freedom Fighter - Hyderabad)(Kapu Naidu)
  • Puligundla Sandeep Naidu (Chittoor)
  • Nara Chandrababu Naidu(Kamma Naidu)
  • M. Venkaiah Naidu(Kamma Naidu)
  • Nalanagula Manoj Kumar
  • P.V. Rangaiah Naidu I.P.S. Former Union Minister (Kapu Naidu)
  • Dr G V Rao, Ph D., Forensic DNA Expert, India

See also

External links

Categories: