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{{Short description|Autocephalous Christian church}} {{Short description|Autocephalous Christian church}}
The '''Celtic Orthodox Church''' ('''COC'''; {{Lang-fr|Église orthodoxe celtique}}), also called '''Holy Celtic Church''',<ref name="Pearson20074" /> is an ] ] church founded in the 20th century in ].
The ] ] church, known since 1994 as the '''Celtic Orthodox Church''' ('''COC'''; {{Lang-fr|Église orthodoxe celtique}}),was founded in the 19th century in Syria for mission in Britain.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Qui sommes-nous ?|url=http://www.eoc-coc.org/accueil/qui-sommes-nous/|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.eoc-coc.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Jules Ferrette: Revision history - Misplaced Pages|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=Jules_Ferrette&action=history|access-date=2021-12-07|website=en.wikipedia.org|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Ancient British Church|date=2021-11-03|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=Ancient_British_Church&oldid=1053395648|work=Misplaced Pages|language=en|access-date=2021-12-07}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=British Orthodox Church|date=2021-11-24|url=https://en.wikipedia.org/search/?title=British_Orthodox_Church&oldid=1056879378|work=Misplaced Pages|language=en|access-date=2021-12-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=About us - The British Orthodox Church|url=https://britishorthodox.org/aboutus/|access-date=2021-12-07}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Seraphim|first=Metropolitan of Glastonbury|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/232364800|title=Flesh of our brethren : an historical examination of western episcopal successions originating from the Syrian Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch.|date=2006|publisher=British Orthodox Press|isbn=978-1-4116-7836-1|edition=First edition|location=London|pages=66-67|oclc=232364800}}</ref>


Since 25 December 2007, the Celtic Orthodox Church has been in ] with the ] and the ], forming the ] (CWOC).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Communion des Églises Orthodoxes Occidentales|url=http://www.eoc-coc.org/accueil/communion-des-eglises-orthodoxes-occidentales/|access-date=2021-12-07|website=www.eoc-coc.org}}</ref> Since 25 December 2007, the Celtic Orthodox Church has been in ] with the ] and the ], forming the ] (CWOC).


== History == == History ==


=== Development === === Foundation ===
The Celtic Orthodox Church was profoundly influenced in the 20th century by {{Interlanguage link|Tugdual de Saint-Dolay|lt=Jean-Pierre Danyel|fr|Tugdual de Saint-Dolay}}. He was ordained priest by the ] ] of France in 1951, after failing to obtain an ordination from any Russian, Romanian or Greek ] bishop. However, he doubted the E. Orthodox and Catholic church would recognize the validity of his ordination. Thus, he "received all the ] again on 1 March 1953" from ] Lutgen of ] of the ''Église catholique du rite dominicain''. Lutgen had received his ] from ]. After this, Danyel decided to work to restore the ] of ], and ] of one of the Christian founding saints of Britanny, ].<ref name="Pearson20074">{{cite book|last=Pearson|first=Joanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Au_paUclEZkC&pg=PA166|title=Wicca and the Christian Heritage: ritual, sex and magic|date=27 June 2007|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-25413-7|pages=51–2|accessdate=9 November 2012}}</ref> The Celtic Orthodox Church was founded in the 20th century by {{Interlanguage link|Tugdual de Saint-Dolay|lt=Jean-Pierre Danyel|fr|Tugdual de Saint-Dolay}}. He was ordained priest by the ] ] of France in 1951, after failing to obtain an ordination from any Russian, Romanian or Greek ] bishop. However, he doubted the E. Orthodox and Catholic church would recognize the validity of his ordination. Thus, he "received all the ] again on 1 March 1953" from ] Lutgen of ] of the ''Église catholique du rite dominicain''. Lutgen had received his ] from ]. After this, Danyel decided to work to restore the ] of ], and ] of one of the Christian founding saints of Britanny, ].<ref name="Pearson20074">{{cite book|last=Pearson|first=Joanne|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Au_paUclEZkC&pg=PA166|title=Wicca and the Christian Heritage: ritual, sex and magic|date=27 June 2007|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-25413-7|pages=51–2|accessdate=9 November 2012}}</ref>


Danyel founded the Abbaye de la Saint Présence at Bois-Juhel, ], "where he lived as an hermit in emulation of the ancient ]." He "soon attracted disciples", and was elected as the first bishop of the restored Celtic Church. He was consecrated bishop in 1957 by ] Irenaeus of Arles (Comte Charles-Borromée d'Eschevannes), primate of the ''Sainte Église catholique Gallicane autocéphale''. Danyel got the title of "Bishop of ]". On 19 December 1959, Danyel proclaimed himself metropolitan, under the title Tugdual I, Archbishop of ]. Danyel "revived Druidic rites", and added to his title "Sa Blancheur l'Humble" ("His Whiteness the Humble") which he claimed was of Druidic origin. His full title was therefore: "His Whiteness the Humble Tugdual I, Archbishop of Dôl, ] of Saint-Dolay, Kayermo and Keroussek, primate of the Holy Celtic Church, President of all the non-Roman Christian and Apostolic Churches".<ref name="Pearson20074" /> Danyel founded the Abbaye de la Saint Présence at Bois-Juhel, ], "where he lived as an hermit in emulation of the ancient ]." He "soon attracted disciples", and was elected as the first bishop of the restored Celtic Church. He was consecrated bishop in 1957 by ] Irenaeus of Arles (Comte Charles-Borromée d'Eschevannes), primate of the ''Sainte Église catholique Gallicane autocéphale''. Danyel got the title of "Bishop of ]". On 19 December 1959, Danyel proclaimed himself metropolitan, under the title Tugdual I, Archbishop of ]. Danyel "revived Druidic rites", and added to his title "Sa Blancheur l'Humble" ("His Whiteness the Humble") which he claimed was of Druidic origin. His full title was therefore: "His Whiteness the Humble Tugdual I, Archbishop of Dôl, ] of Saint-Dolay, Kayermo and Keroussek, primate of the Holy Celtic Church, President of all the non-Roman Christian and Apostolic Churches".<ref name="Pearson20074" />
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In 1963 or 1964, the church consisted of 10 bishops and two to three ].<ref name="Pearson20074" /> The Church was called at the time the Sainte Église celtique en ] (''Holy Celtic Church in Britanny'').<ref name=":05322">{{Cite book|last=Anson|first=Peter F.|title=Bishops at Large|publisher=Apocryphile press|year=2006|isbn=0-9771461-8-9|series=Independent Catholic Heritage|pages=315|chapter=Churches of the Vilatte succession|orig-year=1964}}</ref> In 1963 or 1964, the church consisted of 10 bishops and two to three ].<ref name="Pearson20074" /> The Church was called at the time the Sainte Église celtique en ] (''Holy Celtic Church in Britanny'').<ref name=":05322">{{Cite book|last=Anson|first=Peter F.|title=Bishops at Large|publisher=Apocryphile press|year=2006|isbn=0-9771461-8-9|series=Independent Catholic Heritage|pages=315|chapter=Churches of the Vilatte succession|orig-year=1964}}</ref>


=== Continuity === === Death of the founder to today ===
On 11 August 1968, Danyel died. After his death, his hermitage was abandoned.<ref name="Pearson20074" /> On 11 August 1968, Danyel died. After his death, his hermitage was abandoned.<ref name="Pearson20074" />


In 1977, three monks who were from an abbaye in ] founded by a Celtic Orthodox priest, Paul-Edouard de Fournier de Brescia in 1973, came to the hermitage and built a church on the site.<ref name="Pearson20074" /> In 1977, three monks who were from an abbaye in ] founded by a Celtic Orthodox priest, Paul-Edouard de Fournier de Brescia in 1973, came to the hermitage and built a church on the site.<ref name="Pearson20074" />


By 1979, the Celtic Orthodox Church was known as the ] of which ] was primate.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Mayer|first=Jean-François|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wevtvpdkul0C&dq=The+divine+liturgy+for+the+celebration+of+the+Holy+Eucharist+according+to+the+Glastonbury+rite%2C+commonly+called+the+liturgy+of+Saint+Joseph+of+Arimathea&pg=PA211|title=Regards sur l'orthodoxie : mélanges offerts à Jacques Goudet|date=1997|publisher=L'AGE D'HOMME|isbn=978-2-8251-1079-9|editor-last=Ivanoff-Trinadtzaty|editor-first=Germain|pages=211|language=fr|chapter=L'Orthodoxie doit-elle être byzantine ? Les tentatives de création d'une Orthodoxie de rite occidental}}</ref> By 1979, the Celtic Orthodox Church was part of the ] of ].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Mayer|first=Jean-François|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wevtvpdkul0C&dq=The+divine+liturgy+for+the+celebration+of+the+Holy+Eucharist+according+to+the+Glastonbury+rite%2C+commonly+called+the+liturgy+of+Saint+Joseph+of+Arimathea&pg=PA211|title=Regards sur l'orthodoxie : mélanges offerts à Jacques Goudet|date=1997|publisher=L'AGE D'HOMME|isbn=978-2-8251-1079-9|editor-last=Ivanoff-Trinadtzaty|editor-first=Germain|pages=211|language=fr|chapter=L'Orthodoxie doit-elle être byzantine ? Les tentatives de création d'une Orthodoxie de rite occidental}}</ref>


Paul-Edouard Fournier de Brescia was consecrated bishop under the name Mael in 1980 by the ] of the Celtic Orthodox Church, bishop ].<ref name=":0" /> Paul-Edouard Fournier de Brescia was consecrated bishop under the name Mael in 1980 by the ] of the Celtic Orthodox Church, bishop ].<ref name=":0" />
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With the departure of Mar Seraphim, the Celtic Orthodox Church had no primate. Mael was elected primate of the Celtic Orthodox Church by its ] in 1994 and remained as such until his death in 2014.<ref name="Pearson20074" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=johnkersey|date=2014-07-28|title=Death of Mgr. Mael|url=https://san-luigi.org/2014/07/28/death-of-mgr-mael/|access-date=2021-10-24|website=The Abbey-Principality of San Luigi|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Naissance au Ciel de notre père, Mgr Mael|url=http://www.eoc-coc.org/fileadmin/template/eoc/upload/documents/Vie_pere_Mael.pdf|url-status=live|website=eoc-coc.org}}</ref> The current primate is Metropolitan Marc (Jean Claude Scheerens).<ref name=":3" /> With the departure of Mar Seraphim, the Celtic Orthodox Church had no primate. Mael was elected primate of the Celtic Orthodox Church by its ] in 1994 and remained as such until his death in 2014.<ref name="Pearson20074" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=johnkersey|date=2014-07-28|title=Death of Mgr. Mael|url=https://san-luigi.org/2014/07/28/death-of-mgr-mael/|access-date=2021-10-24|website=The Abbey-Principality of San Luigi|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Naissance au Ciel de notre père, Mgr Mael|url=http://www.eoc-coc.org/fileadmin/template/eoc/upload/documents/Vie_pere_Mael.pdf|url-status=live|website=eoc-coc.org}}</ref> The current primate is Metropolitan Marc (Jean Claude Scheerens).<ref name=":3" />


In 1996, the Celtic Orthodox Church ] Danyel.<ref name="Pearson20074" /> In 1996, the Celtic Orthodox Church ] Danyel, its founder.<ref name="Pearson20074" />


The Celtic Orthodox Church has two ], France and the USA.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" /> The Celtic Orthodox Church has two ], France and the USA.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":4" />

Revision as of 10:40, 7 December 2021

Autocephalous Christian church

The Celtic Orthodox Church (COC; Template:Lang-fr), also called Holy Celtic Church, is an autocephalous Christian church founded in the 20th century in France.

Since 25 December 2007, the Celtic Orthodox Church has been in communion with the French Orthodox Church and the Orthodox Church of the Gauls, forming the Communion of Western Orthodox Churches (CWOC).

History

Foundation

The Celtic Orthodox Church was founded in the 20th century by Jean-Pierre Danyel [fr]. He was ordained priest by the Mariavite bishop of France in 1951, after failing to obtain an ordination from any Russian, Romanian or Greek E. Orthodox bishop. However, he doubted the E. Orthodox and Catholic church would recognize the validity of his ordination. Thus, he "received all the orders again on 1 March 1953" from Metropolitan Lutgen of Antwerp of the Église catholique du rite dominicain. Lutgen had received his episcopal consecration from Hugh George de Willmott Newman. After this, Danyel decided to work to restore the ancient Celtic Church of Brittany, and took the name of one of the Christian founding saints of Britanny, Tugdual.

Danyel founded the Abbaye de la Saint Présence at Bois-Juhel, Saint-Dolay, "where he lived as an hermit in emulation of the ancient Celtic monks." He "soon attracted disciples", and was elected as the first bishop of the restored Celtic Church. He was consecrated bishop in 1957 by archbishop Irenaeus of Arles (Comte Charles-Borromée d'Eschevannes), primate of the Sainte Église catholique Gallicane autocéphale. Danyel got the title of "Bishop of Redon". On 19 December 1959, Danyel proclaimed himself metropolitan, under the title Tugdual I, Archbishop of Dôl. Danyel "revived Druidic rites", and added to his title "Sa Blancheur l'Humble" ("His Whiteness the Humble") which he claimed was of Druidic origin. His full title was therefore: "His Whiteness the Humble Tugdual I, Archbishop of Dôl, Abbot of Saint-Dolay, Kayermo and Keroussek, primate of the Holy Celtic Church, President of all the non-Roman Christian and Apostolic Churches".

In 1963 or 1964, the church consisted of 10 bishops and two to three lay people. The Church was called at the time the Sainte Église celtique en Bretagne (Holy Celtic Church in Britanny).

Death of the founder to today

On 11 August 1968, Danyel died. After his death, his hermitage was abandoned.

In 1977, three monks who were from an abbaye in Montpellier founded by a Celtic Orthodox priest, Paul-Edouard de Fournier de Brescia in 1973, came to the hermitage and built a church on the site.

By 1979, the Celtic Orthodox Church was part of the Orthodox Church of the British Isles of William Henry Hugo Newman-Norton.

Paul-Edouard Fournier de Brescia was consecrated bishop under the name Mael in 1980 by the primate of the Celtic Orthodox Church, bishop Seraphim (Norton-Newman).

The Orthodox Church of the British Isles split from the Celtic Orthodox Church in 1994, under Mar Seraphim (William Henry Hugo Newman-Norton), and joined the Coptic Orthodox Church and changed its name to British Orthodox Church. The Celtic Orthodox Church and some other jurisdiction previously under the Orthodox Church of the British Isles remained independent.

With the departure of Mar Seraphim, the Celtic Orthodox Church had no primate. Mael was elected primate of the Celtic Orthodox Church by its Holy Synod in 1994 and remained as such until his death in 2014. The current primate is Metropolitan Marc (Jean Claude Scheerens).

In 1996, the Celtic Orthodox Church canonised Danyel, its founder.

The Celtic Orthodox Church has two eparchies, France and the USA.

The Celtic Orthodox Church, which currently has two bishops and nine parishes, is present in France, Switzerland, United Kingdom, USA and Australia.

See also

References

  1. ^ Pearson, Joanne (27 June 2007). Wicca and the Christian Heritage: ritual, sex and magic. Taylor & Francis. pp. 51–2. ISBN 978-0-415-25413-7. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  2. Anson, Peter F. (2006) . "Churches of the Vilatte succession". Bishops at Large. Independent Catholic Heritage. Apocryphile press. p. 315. ISBN 0-9771461-8-9.
  3. ^ Mayer, Jean-François (1997). "L'Orthodoxie doit-elle être byzantine ? Les tentatives de création d'une Orthodoxie de rite occidental". In Ivanoff-Trinadtzaty, Germain (ed.). Regards sur l'orthodoxie : mélanges offerts à Jacques Goudet (in French). L'AGE D'HOMME. p. 211. ISBN 978-2-8251-1079-9.
  4. ^ "Naissance au Ciel de notre père, Mgr Mael" (PDF). eoc-coc.org.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. Pearson, Joanne (27 June 2007). Wicca and the Christian Heritage: ritual, sex and magic. Taylor & Francis. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-415-25413-7. Retrieved 9 November 2012.
  6. johnkersey (2014-07-28). "Death of Mgr. Mael". The Abbey-Principality of San Luigi. Retrieved 2021-10-24.
  7. ^ "France". www.eoc-coc.org. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
  8. ^ "U.S.A." www.eoc-coc.org. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
  9. "Angleterre". www.eoc-coc.org. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
  10. "Suisse". www.eoc-coc.org. Retrieved 2021-12-06.
  11. "Australie". www.eoc-coc.org. Retrieved 2021-12-06.

External links

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