Misplaced Pages

Line Islands: Difference between revisions

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
Browse history interactively← Previous editNext edit →Content deleted Content addedVisualWikitext
Revision as of 19:24, 11 April 2022 editLightandDark2000 (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers, Rollbackers62,349 edits Adding.← Previous edit Revision as of 19:22, 12 April 2022 edit undoDthang21 (talk | contribs)4 editsNo edit summaryTags: Reverted Visual editNext edit →
Line 23: Line 23:
| pushpin_map_width = 300 | pushpin_map_width = 300
| coordinates = {{Coord|2|S|156.5|W|region:ID|display=inline}} | coordinates = {{Coord|2|S|156.5|W|region:ID|display=inline}}
}}Hi my name is luke and i want to tell you all something. I DON'T CARE ABOUT WHAT YOU DO TO ME I LIVE IN 3620 LACEBARK DRIVE 46235 IS THE ZIP CODE Indianapolis Indiana yea thats all]
}}

]

The '''Line Islands''', '''Teraina Islands''' or '''Equatorial Islands''' (in ], ''Aono Raina'') are a chain of 11 ]s (with partially or fully enclosed lagoons) and ]s (with a surrounding ]) in the central Pacific Ocean, south of the ]. The island chain stretches northwest to southeast across {{convert|2350|km|mi|abbr=off}}, making it one of the longest island chains in the world. One of the islands in the group, Kiritimati, has the largest land area of any ] in the world. (One of the reefs, ], is shown on some maps, but its existence is doubted.) Of the 11 islands, all of which were formed by volcanic activity, only the ] and ] atolls and ] Island have a permanent population. Eight of the islands are part of ]. The remaining three—] (which is largely submerged), Palmyra Island and Jarvis Island—are United States territories grouped with the ].

The ] passes through the Line Islands. The ones that are part of Kiribati are in the world's farthest forward ], ]. The time of day is (UTC-10.00), the same as in the state of Hawaii, in the United States, but the date is one day ahead of Hawaii. The time in the Line Islands is 26 hours ahead of some other islands in Oceania, such as ], which uses ].

==Overview==
] and "Petfish" are the islands' main export products (along with seaweed).

Archaeologists have identified the remains of coral ] platforms and/or village complexes on several of the islands,<ref>{{cite book|author=Patricia A. Nagel|title=Results of the First Joint US-USSR Central Pacific Expedition (BERPAC): Autum 1988|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zWwVAQAAIAAJ|year=1992|publisher=U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service|page=}}</ref> including the Kiritimati and Tabuaeran atolls, Teraina Island, Malden, Millennium Atoll and Flint Island. These remains are dateable as far back as the 14th century, and show that the inhabitants of the Line Islands were more than just castaways.{{citation needed|date=February 2021}}

Most 18th-century visitors to these isles overlooked these telltale signs of former Polynesian settlement. This included Captain Cook, who landed on Christmas Island in 1777, and Captain Fanning, who visited Teraina (Washington Island) and Tabuaeran (Fanning Atoll) in 1798.

In the 19th century, ] ships were regular visitors to the islands. They came in search of water, wood and provisions. The first whaler recorded to have visited one of them was the ''Coquette'', which docked at ] (then called Christmas Island) in 1822.<ref>Robert Langdon (ed.) ''Where the whalers went: an index to the Pacific ports and islands by American whalers (and some other ships) in the 19th century'', Canberra, Pacific Manuscripts Bureau, 1984, p.149. {{ISBN|0-86784-471-X}}</ref>

In 1888, the UK was planning to lay the ], and annexed the islands with a view to using Tabuaeran (then Fanning Island) as one of the relay stations for the cable. The cable was laid and was operational between 1902 and 1963 (except for a short period in 1914)<!-- Commenting this disputed area for a moment, -MrMiscellanious: when German naval forces landed (? They did not land) at Fanning to cut the cable -->.

In 1916, the British annexed Fanning and Washington islands, making them part of the British colony of the ].<ref>Order in Council Annexing the Ocean, Fanning, and Washington islands to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, 1916</ref> In 1919, they annexed Christmas Island to the same colony.<ref>Order in Council under the Colonial Boundaries Act, 1895, Annexing Christmas Island to the Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, 1919</ref> The Line Islands occasionally featured briefly in the biennial reports furnished by the Colony's resident commissioner to the Colonial Office and Parliament in London (See, for example, the reports submitted in 1966 and 1967.<ref>Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony. (1969). Report for the Years 1966 and 1967. London: Her Majesty's Stationery Office.</ref>).

The United States contested the British annexations, based on the U.S. ], which allowed for very wide-ranging territorial claims. It relinquished these claims only in 1979, when it entered into the ], which recognised Kiribati's sovereignty over the majority of the Line Islands chain.

Geographically, the Line Islands group is divided into three subgroups: the Northern, Central, and Southern Line Islands. (However, the Central Line Islands are sometimes grouped with the Southern Line Islands.) The table below lists the islands from north to south.

==List of atolls, islands and reefs==
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background: #DDD;" rowspan=2| ]/Island/] !!style="background: #DDD;" colspan=2| Area (km<sup>2</sup>) !!style="background: #DDD;" rowspan=2| Population<ref name="CIA UM" /> !!style="background: #DDD;" rowspan=2| Coordinates !!style="background: #DDD;" rowspan=2| Status
|-
!style="background: #DDD;" | Island !!style="background: #DDD;" | Lagoon
|-
| style="background: #EEE;" colspan="6" align="center"| '''Northern Line Islands''' (Fanning's Group)
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] ||align="right"| 0.01<ref name="CIA UM" /> ||align="right"| 60 ||align="right"| 0 || {{coord|6|24|N|162|24|W|name=Kingman Reef}} || ] (])
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] ||align="right"| 3.9<ref name="CIA UM" /> ||align="right"| 8 ||align="right"| 4 || {{coord|5|52|N|162|6|W|name=Palmyra Atoll}} || ] (])
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] (Washington&nbsp;Island)<ref name="Ter2012">{{cite web| work= Office of Te Beretitent – Republic of Kiribati Island Report Series|title= 22. Teeraina|year = 2012 |url= http://www.climate.gov.ki/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/22_TEERAINA-revised-2012.pdf| access-date=28 April 2015}}</ref> ||align="right"| 9.55<ref name="Kiribati" /> ||align="right"| 2<sup>*</sup> ||align="right"| 1,155<ref name="Kiribati" /> || {{coord|4|43|N|160|24|W|name=Teraina}} || part of ]
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] (Fanning&nbsp;Island)<ref name="Tab2012">{{cite web| work= Office of Te Beretitent – Republic of Kiribati Island Report Series|title= 21. Tabuaeran|year = 2012 |url= http://www.climate.gov.ki/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/21_TABUAERAN-revised-2012.pdf| access-date=28 April 2015}}</ref> ||align="right"| 33.73<ref name="Kiribati" /> ||align="right"| 110 ||align="right"| 2,539<ref name="Kiribati" />|| {{coord|3|52|N|159|22|W|name=Tabuaeran}} || part of ]
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] (Christmas&nbsp;Island)<ref name="Kir2012">{{cite web| work= Office of Te Beretitent – Republic of Kiribati Island Report Series|title= 20. Kiritimati|year = 2012 |url= http://www.climate.gov.ki/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/20_KIRITIMATI-revised-2012.pdf| access-date=28 April 2015}}</ref> ||align="right"| 388.39<ref name="Kiribati" /> ||align="right"| 217.61<ref name="Kiribati" /><ref name="CIA KR" /> ||align="right"| 5,115<ref name="Kiribati" />|| {{coord|1|53|N|157|24|W|name=Kiritimati}} || part of ]
|-
| style="background: #EEE;" colspan="6" align="center"| '''Central Line Islands'''
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] ||align="right"| 5<ref name="CIA UM" /> ||align="right"| — ||align="right"| 0 || {{coord|0|22|S|160|03|W|name=Jarvis Island}} || ] (])
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] ||align="right"| 39.3 ||align="right"| 13<sup>*</sup> ||align="right"| 0 || {{coord|4|01|S|154|59|W|name=Malden Island}} || part of ]
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] ||align="right"| — ||align="right"| 1.5 ||align="right"| 0 || {{coord|5|30|S|151|50|W|name=Filippo Reef}} || outside ]<br>(existence uncertain)
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] ||align="right"| 16.2 ||align="right"| 4<sup>*</sup> ||align="right"| 0 || {{coord|5|37|S|155|56|W|name=Starbuck Island}} || part of ]
|-
| style="background: #EEE;" colspan="6" align="center"| '''Southern Line Islands'''
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] (Caroline&nbsp;Island) ||align="right"| 3.76 ||align="right"| 6.3 ||align="right"| 0 || {{coord|9|57|S|150|13|W|name=Millenium Island}} || part of ]
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] ||align="right"| 0.24 ||align="right"| — ||align="right"| 0 || {{coord|10|03|43|S|152|18|46|W|name=Vostok Island}} || part of ]
|- style="background: #FFF;"
| ] ||align="right"| 3.2 ||align="right"| 0.01<sup>*</sup> ||align="right"| 0 || {{coord|11|26|S|151|48|W|name=Flint Island}} || part of ]
|- style="background: #DDD;"
| '''Line Islands''' ||align="right"| 503.28 ||align="right"| 422.42 ||align="right"| 8,813 || ||
|}

<sup>*</sup> The lagoon areas marked with an asterisk are included in the island areas of the previous column because, unlike typical lagoons in atolls, they are inland waters completely sealed off from the sea.

==Time zone realignment==
{{Further|Time in Kiribati}}
]

<!-- Time zone -->
On 23 December 1994, the Republic of Kiribati announced a change of ] for the Line Islands, to take effect 31 December 1994. This adjustment effectively moved the ] more than {{convert|1000|km|mi}} to the east within Kiribati, which placed all of Kiribati on the Asian or western side of the date line, despite the fact that Millenium Island's longitude of 150 degrees west corresponds to ] rather than to its official time zone of ]. Millenium Island is now at the same time as the Hawaiian Islands (]), but one day ahead.<ref name="Harris">{{cite magazine |first = Aimee |last = Harris |url = http://www.trussel.com/kir/dateline.htm |title = Date Line Politics |magazine = Honolulu Magazine |page = 20 |date = August 1999 |access-date = 10 June 2006 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060628045504/http://trussel.com/kir/dateline.htm |archive-date = 28 June 2006 |url-status = dead }}</ref> This move made Millenium Island (then Caroline Island) the easternmost land in the earliest time zone (by some definitions, the ]), and one of the first points of land which saw sunrise on 1 January 2000 – at 5:43&nbsp;am, as measured by local time.

<!-- Controversy over realignment -->
The stated reason for the move was the fulfilment of a campaign promise that Kiribati President ] had made to eliminate the confusion caused by Kiribati straddling the Date Line and therefore being constantly in two different days. However, Kiribati officials were not reluctant to attempt to capitalise on the nation's new status as owners of the first land to see sunrise in 2000.<ref name="Kristof">{{cite news | first = Nicholas D. | last = Kristof |url = http://www.trussel.com/kir/kirnews1.htm |title = Tiny Island's Date-Line Jog in Race for Millennium|newspaper = The New York Times |date = 23 March 1997 |access-date = 10 June 2006}}</ref> Other Pacific nations, including ] and New Zealand's ], protested the move, objecting that it interfered with their own claims to be the first land to see dawn in the year 2000.<ref name="Letts">{{cite news | first = Quentin |last = Letts |url = http://www.trussel.com/kir/kirnews2.htm |title = Pacific braces for millennium storm over matter of degrees | newspaper = The Times |date = 25 January 1996 | access-date = 10 June 2006}}</ref>

<!-- Renaming and celebration -->
In 1999, to further capitalise upon the massive public interest in celebrations marking ], Caroline Island was officially renamed Millennium Island. Although the island is uninhabited, a special celebration was held there to mark the occasion. It featured performances by native Kiribati entertainers and was attended by Kiribati's President Tito.<ref name="AP">{{cite news | agency=Associated Press | title=2000 greeted with song, dance | date=1 January 2000 | newspaper= The Japan Times | url=http://www.trussel.com/kir/millen.htm }}</ref> Over 70 Kiribati singers and dancers travelled to Millenium from the capital, ],<ref name="warmly">{{cite news | agency = Associated Press |url = http://www.climateark.org/articles/1999/milislgr.htm |title = Millennium Island greets Y2K warmly | publisher = ClimateArk.org |date = 30 December 1999 |access-date = 11 June 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050213142246/http://climateark.org/articles/1999/milislgr.htm|archive-date=13 February 2005}}</ref> accompanied by approximately 25 journalists. The celebration, which was broadcast worldwide by satellite, had an estimated audience size of as many as one billion viewers.<ref name="AP"/>

==See also==
{{Portal|Islands}}
* ]
* ]

==References==
{{reflist|30em| refs=
<ref name="CIA UM">{{cite web|title=Australia-Oceania :: United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/united-states-pacific-island-wildlife-refuges/|work=CIA – The World Factbook|publisher=US CIA|access-date=16 September 2012}}</ref>
<ref name="CIA KR">{{cite web|title=CIA – The World Factbook – Kiribati|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/photo_gallery/kr/photo_gallery_B1_kr_1.html|work=The World Factbook|publisher=US CIA|access-date=16 September 2012}}</ref>
<ref name="Kiribati">{{cite web|title=Kiribati 2005 Census of Population and Housing: Provisional Tables|url=http://www.spc.int/prism/Country/KI/Stats/Census2005/Gen-pdf/Gen1.pdf|publisher=Kiribati National Statistics Office|access-date=16 September 2012}}</ref>
}}

==External links==
* {{commons category-inline|Line Islands|'''Line Islands'''}}
*


{{Kiribati geography}} {{Kiribati geography}}

Revision as of 19:22, 12 April 2022

Chain of eleven atolls and low coral islands in the central Pacific Ocean

2°00′S 156°30′W / 2°S 156.5°W / -2; -156.5

Line Islands
Native name: Teraina Islands
Line Islands is located in KiribatiLine IslandsLine IslandsShow map of KiribatiLine Islands is located in MicronesiaLine IslandsLine IslandsShow map of MicronesiaLine Islands is located in OceaniaLine IslandsLine IslandsShow map of OceaniaLine Islands is located in Pacific OceanLine IslandsLine IslandsShow map of Pacific Ocean
Geography
LocationPacific Ocean
Coordinates2°00′S 156°30′W / 2°S 156.5°W / -2; -156.5
Total islands11
Area503.28 km (194.32 sq mi)
 Kiribati
Administrative divisionNone
Largest Island settlementKiritimati (pop. 6,447)
 United States
StatusUnincorporated (Kingman Reef, and Jarvis Island)
Incorporated (Palmyra Atoll)

Hi my name is luke and i want to tell you all something. I DON'T CARE ABOUT WHAT YOU DO TO ME I LIVE IN 3620 LACEBARK DRIVE 46235 IS THE ZIP CODE Indianapolis Indiana yea thats all

Geography of Kiribati
Gilbert Islands
Phoenix Islands
Line Islands
West of Gilberts
Reefs
Categories: