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Originally named '''Basses-Pyrénées''', it is one of the first 83 ] created during the ], on 4 March 1790. It was created out of parts belonging to the former greater province of ] and ], as well as the ]-] (still, at least nominally, Kingdom of Navarre), meaning the ] of ], ], ] (detached a few years before from Labourd) and ], as well as ].<ref>The history of the region, under the '']'', can be found in the articles about those individual regions.</ref> Originally named '''Basses-Pyrénées''', it is one of the first 83 ] created during the ], on 4 March 1790. It was created out of parts belonging to the former greater province of ] and ], as well as the ]-] (still, at least nominally, Kingdom of Navarre), meaning the ] of ], ], ] (detached a few years before from Labourd) and ], as well as ].<ref>The history of the region, under the '']'', can be found in the articles about those individual regions.</ref>


] (western side) and the ] (eastern side)]] ] (western side) and the ] (eastern side)]]
The 1790 administrative design brought about ]. All Basque estates representatives from Labourd overtly opposed the new administrative layout since it suppressed their institutions and laws. The representatives of Lower Navarre refused to vote in Paris arguing that they were not part of the Kingdom of France; those of Soule voted against. The brothers ], representing Labourd, eventually voted yes, thinking that it would give them a say in upcoming political decisions. The 1790 administrative design brought about ]. All Basque estates representatives from Labourd overtly opposed the new administrative layout since it suppressed their institutions and laws. The representatives of Lower Navarre refused to vote in Paris arguing that they were not part of the Kingdom of France; those of Soule voted against. The brothers ], representing Labourd, eventually voted yes, thinking that it would give them a say in upcoming political decisions.



Revision as of 21:27, 6 January 2023

Department of France Department of France in Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Pyrénées-Atlantiques Pirenèus Atlantics (Occitan)
Pirinio Atlantiarrak (Basque)
Department of France
Lake of Saint-Pée-sur-NivelleLake of Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle
Flag of Pyrénées-AtlantiquesFlagCoat of arms of Pyrénées-AtlantiquesCoat of arms
Nickname: 64, P-A
Location of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in FranceLocation of Pyrénées-Atlantiques in France
Coordinates: 43°15′N 0°50′E / 43.250°N 0.833°E / 43.250; 0.833
CountryFrance
RegionNouvelle-Aquitaine
PrefecturePau
SubprefecturesBayonne
Oloron-Sainte-Marie
Government
 • President of the Departmental CouncilJean-Jacques Lasserre (MoDem)
Area
 • Total7,645 km (2,952 sq mi)
Population
 • Total693,027
 • Rank36th
 • Density91/km (230/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Department number64
Arrondissements3
Cantons27
Communes546
^1 French Land Register data, which exclude estuaries and lakes, ponds and glaciers larger than 1 km

Pyrénées-Atlantiques (French pronunciation: [piʁene atlɑ̃tik] ; Gascon Occitan: Pirenèus Atlantics; Template:Lang-eu or Pirinio Atlantikoak) is a department in the southwest corner of France and of the region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. Named after the Pyrenees mountain range and the Atlantic Ocean, it covers the French Basque Country and the Béarn. Its prefecture is Pau. In 2019, it had a population of 682,621.

History

Originally named Basses-Pyrénées, it is one of the first 83 departments of France created during the French Revolution, on 4 March 1790. It was created out of parts belonging to the former greater province of Guyenne and Gascony, as well as the Béarn-Navarre (still, at least nominally, Kingdom of Navarre), meaning the Basques provinces of Basse-Navarre, Labourd, Bayonne (detached a few years before from Labourd) and Soule, as well as Béarn.

French Basque Country (western side) and the Béarn (eastern side)

The 1790 administrative design brought about the end of native institutions and laws. All Basque estates representatives from Labourd overtly opposed the new administrative layout since it suppressed their institutions and laws. The representatives of Lower Navarre refused to vote in Paris arguing that they were not part of the Kingdom of France; those of Soule voted against. The brothers Garat, representing Labourd, eventually voted yes, thinking that it would give them a say in upcoming political decisions.

On 10 October 1969, Basses-Pyrénées was renamed Pyrénées-Atlantiques.

Geography

Pyrénées-Atlantiques is part of the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of Southwestern France. It is bordered by the Landes, Hautes-Pyrénées, Gers departments and the Bay of Biscay. Lac Gentau is located in Pyrénées-Atlantiques, as are the Lacs de Carnau.

Principal towns

The most populous commune is Pau, the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 11 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:

Commune Population (2019)
Pau 75,627
Bayonne 51,894
Anglet 39,719
Biarritz 25,787
Hendaye 16,967
Saint-Jean-de-Luz 14,196
Lons 13,707
Billère 12,793
Oloron-Sainte-Marie 10,594
Urrugne 10,418
Orthez 10,369

Demographics

Population development since 1801:

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1801355,573—    
1811383,502+0.76%
1821399,474+0.41%
1831428,401+0.70%
1841451,683+0.53%
1851446,997−0.10%
1861436,628−0.23%
1872426,700−0.21%
1881434,366+0.20%
1891425,033−0.22%
1901426,347+0.03%
1911433,318+0.16%
1921402,981−0.72%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1931422,719+0.48%
1936413,411−0.44%
1946415,797+0.06%
1954420,019+0.13%
1962466,038+1.31%
1968508,734+1.47%
1975534,748+0.71%
1982555,696+0.55%
1990578,516+0.50%
1999600,018+0.41%
2006636,845+0.85%
2011656,608+0.61%
2016673,986+0.52%
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.
Sources:

Economy

Urban areas

Pyrénées-Atlantiques, a border department, has cultivated a number of economic and cultural links with Spain.

Two urban concentrations exist in the east and west of the department: Pau, which has 145,000 inhabitants and 344,000 workers in the local area; and Bayonne-Anglet-Biarritz which has 166,400 inhabitants and 235,000 workers in the local area.

Tourism

The department is known for its tourism industry:

Culture

The parts of the department that were part of Guyenne and Gascony, as well as Béarn, have a culture heavily influenced by the Basques, but clearly different identities.

Both the Gascon Bearnese variant and Basque language are indigenous to the region in their respective districts. Gascon in turn is a dialect of Occitan, formerly the main language of southern France. It is more closely related to Catalan than it is to French. Basque is a language isolate, not related to any known language. Today, French, the sole official language of the French Republic, is the predominant native language and is spoken by virtually all inhabitants.

Pyrénées-Atlantiques is also home to a number of professional sports teams, including rugby union football clubs Aviron Bayonnais, Biarritz Olympique and Section Paloise; basketball club Élan Béarnais Pau-Orthez; and association football club Pau FC.

The Pau Grand Prix, an auto race first held in 1901, has hosted the World Touring Car Championship, British Formula Three, Formula 3 Euro Series and FIA European Formula 3 Championship.

Politics

Main article: Politics of Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Pyrénées-Atlantiques is a stronghold of the centrist Democratic Movement (MoDem). Its founder and president, François Bayrou, has served as Mayor of Pau since 2014.

Departmental politics

The Departmental Council of Pyrénées-Atlantiques has 54 seats. Its president has been Jean-Jacques Lasserre of the Democratic Movement since 2015.

National representation

In the 2017 legislative election, Pyrénées-Atlantiques elected the following members of the National Assembly:

Constituency Member Party
Pyrénées-Atlantiques's 1st constituency Josy Poueyto Democratic Movement
Pyrénées-Atlantiques's 2nd constituency Jean-Paul Mattei Democratic Movement
Pyrénées-Atlantiques's 3rd constituency David Habib Socialist Party
Pyrénées-Atlantiques's 4th constituency Jean Lassalle Résistons!
Pyrénées-Atlantiques's 5th constituency Florence Lasserre-David Democratic Movement
Pyrénées-Atlantiques's 6th constituency Vincent Bru Democratic Movement

In the Senate, the department is represented by three members: Frédérique Espagnac (since 2011), Max Brisson (since 2017) and Denise Saint-Pé (since 2017).

Heraldry

The coat of arms of Pyrénées-Atlantiques combines those of four traditional provinces:

  1. Lower Navarre
  2. Béarn
  3. Labourd
  4. Soule

Twinning and cooperation

Pyrénées-Atlantiques is twinned with:

See also

References

  1. "Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux". data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises (in French). 4 May 2022.
  2. "Téléchargement du fichier d'ensemble des populations légales en 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ Populations légales 2019: 64 Pyrénées-Atlantiques, INSEE
  4. The history of the region, under the Ancien Régime, can be found in the articles about those individual regions.
  5. "Historique des Pyrénées-Atlantiques". Le SPLAF.
  6. "Évolution et structure de la population en 2016". INSEE.
  7. Nationale, Assemblée. "Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français". Assemblée nationale.

External links

Departments of France
Metropolitan
Overseas
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  • 69M Lyon (collectivity with special status)
  • 75 Paris (collectivity with special status)
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