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Grinding, specifically in video games, is the act of repeating an action or set of actions to achieve a desired result. Players usually perform these tasks to earn experience points, in-game items (loot), or to improve a character's level/stats. Grinding is commonly, but not exclusively, performed in MMORPGs, as improving the player's character is often the main goal of these games.

Synonyms for grinding include the figurative terms treadmilling (a comparison with exercise treadmills) and pushing the bar. Related terms include farming (in which the repetition is undertaken in order to obtain items, relating the activity to tending a farm field), and catassing, which refers to extended and obsessive play sessions.

Motivation

Grinding is commonly motivated by the player's desire to earn rewards and to increase their level as high as possible. Alternatively, players might enjoy performing repetitive tasks to relax especially if the task has a persistent positive result.

MMORPGs often require grinding. This is due the fact that, in nearly all MMORPGs, the development of the player's character is the primary goal and is usually achieved through a progression system, in which players earn experience points for their actions and can use those points to improve their abilities.

Approaches

This section is in list format but may read better as prose. You can help by converting this section, if appropriate. Editing help is available. (November 2018)

Regular grinding

• RuneScape often requires the player to do repetitive tasks to level-up skills. An example would be the "Slayer" skill, which requires players to defeat a certain number of a specific type of creature. The monsters are chosen based on the player's combat level. Players gain experience while fighting the monsters, which increases both their Slayer level and their combat skills. Because the effort is repetitive and time-consuming, it is considered "grinding".
• Borderlands 2 requires players to repetitively kill specific enemies multiple times to acquire Legendary items. Legendary drops are not guaranteed to be dropped the first time, so the enemy who drops the desired item will likely have to be fought multiple times.
• Minecraft allows players to gather materials by exploring in caves, on the surface, and by other means. However, some materials are harder to find than others, such as diamond or Netherite. The most common strategy for finding these materials is to obtain the fastest tools possible, that being a diamond or Netherite pickaxe that has been fully enchanted with Efficiency V, and use this pickaxe in tandem with a Haste beacon that increases mining speed. With this combination, most common blocks can be mined immediately, massively decreasing the time it takes to find rare materials.

Other rewards/advanced rewards

• The Lord of the Rings Online features a "title system" in which players are rewarded special titles, and often new abilities, for killing massive quantities of particular types of enemies. This can make grinding lucrative, as the player benefits from the added experience points and can receive a title they can show off to other players. For example, killing large numbers of Wargs grants the player the "Warg-Slayer" title. Killing even more Wargs results in more advanced titles, such as "Warg Foe" and so on. This system also existed in City of Heroes/City of Villains, where these titles were named "badges".
• Final Fantasy XII features a "Chain" effect, which occurs when a player kills the same monster over and over; doing so increases the number on the Chain and increases the quality of the items dropped by the killed enemy. With a maximum of 999 chained kills, the Chain can only be broken by killing a different monster or leaving the area.
• Warframe features grinding in one of its purest forms, but also a quite developed fashion: Every Warframe's parts are acquired differently - The most drop from boss fights within the game, others can be easily purchased from a Clan's Dojo, while certain Warframe parts have a percentage chance of dropping from certain game modes once the player spends enough time in them. Warframe supports "endless" and "non-endless" missions - With "non-endless" having a set objective, such as capturing a VIP target for interrogation, and "Endless" being infinitely replayable, such as defending an important piece of equipment or intercepting and decrypting enemy communications. Endless missions use a Rotation system, with three different "Drop Tables", one for each. The rule of thumb for Endless missions is AABC, meaning that on rounds 1 and 2, the item that is granted to the player will be selected from Drop Table A, for round 3 it will be chosen from Drop Table B, and round 4, Drop Table C. The cycle repeats per four rounds until the player leaves the mission. "Non-endless" missions may function in two ways: First, missions such as capturing an enemy will have a single drop table and semi-randomly draw an item from it each time, with a certain chance for each item. Missions with more objectives, such as infiltrating three "Data Vaults" will have multiple drop tables, one for each objective. Completing more objectives in "non-endless" missions will allow the player to have a chance at the rarest items included in the last drop table.

Limited rewards

• Guild Wars attempts to reduce grinding by using a very low maximum level (20). Equipment with maximum statistics becomes easy to obtain at a maximum level. Players can still improve themselves by acquiring new and different skills so they can create more varied combinations of skills, or they can gather points for titles that improve certain skills usable only in PvE. The game was designed to be difficult even for players who have reached the maximum level and obtained the best equipment, but without creating huge gaps between the hardcore and casual players so that both could enjoy the same challenges. Play past the level cap usually provides rewards in the form of tokens and specific in-game currencies that contribute to rarer and often visually superior cosmetic items for player avatars compared to the most easily acquired sets. The focus in these late-game areas is therefore usually aimed at effective teamwork and how the players approach a problem as opposed to the degree of statistics acquired by playtime.

AFK/inactive grinding

• Eve Online features a system that does not require continuous play to increase character skill. Characters are plugged into their ship's computer and are trained at a rate based on their attributes. Attributes can be enhanced to decrease training time; however, training occurs continuoureal timeeal-time, whether the player is logged in or not. Some of the advanced skills can take as long as a month or more to reach the next level. Players generally have to grind for ISK (money), minerals, and NPC faction standing. However, the in-game alliance CODE. protests grinding, by attacking or 'ganking' anyone suspected of 'illegal' grinding.
• Minecraft allows structures called mob grinders that automate the process of killing monsters, which is usually done by gathering them using flowing water and killing them with a large fall at the end of the water flow. When built, a mob grinder removes the need to fight or work for the mob drops as they become generated passively. The game also allows the players to create other AFK farms to aid in fishing, growing sugarcane and other crops, or even generating moss blocks. Using redstone in the game, a player is able to create a "World Eater", a machine that is capable of duplicating tnt, so that they can clear out a large space of land while being off doing other things.
• Black Desert Online contains the literal definition of grinding in the most simplistic sense, as the methods of making money are through any of the several "lifeskills" such as cooking, or combat through killing monsters. A cooking session consists of cooking the same dish several hundred or even thousand times for several hours, over and over. This may be performed completely AFK at a lower efficiency, and is popular among players who can attend to their character only periodically, or it may be performed more actively, with as little as 8 minutes before the cooking stove, or utensil as it is callethe d in game, is depleted depending on the utensil, gear, and various consumable buffs used.
• Grand Theft Auto Online features passive businesses that produce various types of cargo automatically that can be later sold for profit. The player is only required to resupply the businesses and do a sell mission once the production is finished. An exception is the "Nightclub" business that can produce goods without the need to resupply. While the game has a mechanic that kick out of the game players who stay AFK for more than 15 minutes, some usually bypass this by accessing security cameras located in various purchasable properties, which stop the AFK timer.

Shorter time commitments

• World of Warcraft features dungeons that can be played in segments, so that players can play the game in smaller chunks of time, allowing ones who can't afford to dedicate several hours of continuous playing time to complete them. The game also includes a "resting system" which increases the rate of experience gain for casual players, based on the amount of time spent out of the game. Similar systems exist in other games, including Lord of the Rings Online and City of Heroes.

Other

• MapleStory features a party quest, called the Dojo PQ, that can be done with several players or solo. It is available to all players level 25 or above. It is a boss rush, in which the player or players revisit many bosses, one by one, all in a row. Beating every boss gets the player Dojo points, which, when accumulated in large numbers, can be used to get equipment for the player's character which boosts stats. Players can also get a title for 24 hours when they beat a certain boss 100 times.

Parody

The repetitiveness of grinding has given birth to early iterations of idle games, such as Ayumilove's HackerQuest V1 (2008). Ayumilove's HackerQuest V1 parodies a bot grinding for items and avoiding GMs (Game Masters) in Maple Story, a famous MMORPG from Korea.

Criticism

Grinding is a controversial subject among video game players. Some consider grinding to be a result of poor game design, while others embrace it as an inherent feature in all video games.

Another criticism of the leveling concept and level playing field approach is that it often allows the player to avoid difficult strategic or reflexive challenges that one might encounter when fighting powerful opponents. By spending a large amount of time battling easily defeated characters (a practice known as bottomfeeding), players can gain levels to have little difficulty vanquishing more difficult enemies.

The problem may not be that talent and skill are rewarded, but that the rewards are based on relative talent and skill. If a game's player base is objectively highly skilled and only the top 20% of the game's players are rewarded, then the remaining 80% will be receiving little reward, despite their objective skill. If there is no hope in the future of these players being rewarded, they will likely leave the game, causing the population to shrink, and thus reducing the number of people who can be in the top 20%. Grinding has the benefit that, although only 20% of the population may be rewarded at any given time, 100% of the population will have the potential to be rewarded in the future and will have no reason to quit.

To solve the grinding issue, E McNeill proposes that "the most effective path to victory should also be the most fun". For example, challenging tasks should give better rewards than easy tasks.

Another alternative to grinding is to remove designer-defined objectives, leaving players free to do whatever they want. This creates a new problem where many players might be confused about what they are supposed to do, or they might lack the motivation to do much of anything in the virtual world.

Players of subscription-based online games often criticize grinds as a heavy-handed attempt to gain profit. The most interesting and challenging gameplay is often only available to characters at the highest levels, who are those strong enough to participate in raids or player versus player combat. Grinding is seen as a reason to increase the amount of time it takes to reach these levels, forcing the player to pay more subscription fees along the way.

The IGDA Online Games Special Interest Group has noted that level treadmills are part of the addictive quality of role-playing games or MMORPGs that cater to those who play more than 25 hours a week.

See also

• Time sink
• Experience point
• Level (video gaming)
• Progress Quest
• Skinner Box

Notes

References

1. Sorens, Neil (2007-03-26). "Rethinking the MMO". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 2009-04-16. Retrieved 2009-03-06.
2. Thompson, Clive (2008-07-28). "Back to the Grind in WoW — and Loving Every Tedious Minute". Wired. Archived from the original on 2009-01-10. Retrieved 2009-03-06.
3. ^ Mäyrä, Frans (2008). An Introduction to Game Studies. SAGE. p. 132. ISBN 978-1849205399.
4. "Grinding games: how do they keep it engaging?". Plarium. 2018-04-12. Archived from the original on 2018-05-30. Retrieved 2018-05-29.
5. Lawley, Liz (2006-08-05). "In Praise of the Grind". Terra Nova. Archived from the original on 2009-02-06. Retrieved 2009-03-06. I want to relax, to clear my mind, to do something repetitive that provides visible (to me, not to you) and lasting evidence of my efforts
6. "MinerBumping".
7. Christian Stöcker (2006-08-25). "An Interview with the Maker of "World of Warcraft"". Spiegel online. Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2009-12-17.
8. "MapleStory - A Free Massively Multiplayer Online Role-playing Game". Maplestory.nexon.net. Archived from the original on 2010-01-12. Retrieved 2010-05-28.
9. Anthony Pecorella (February 2015). Idle Games: The Mechanics and Monetization of Self-Playing Games (Recorded presentation with slides.). Game Developer Conference (GDC) 2015.
10. "Earliest idle games on Kongregate". Kongregate. Retrieved 2021-02-16.
11. The Luddite (2014). "A Brief History of Leveling Systems". Archived from the original on 2014-12-07. Retrieved 2014-12-09.
12. ^ Koster, Raph (2007-04-23). "The game without treadmills". Archived from the original on 2008-05-12. Retrieved 2007-09-05.
13. Grinding and the Burden of Optimal Play Archived 2014-07-22 at the Wayback Machine - E McNeill, Gamasutra, 21 July 2014
14. Dunin, Elonka, ed. (March 2003). "IGDA Online Games White Paper, 2nd Edition" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2004-09-20.

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