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Virus
Original title	復活の日
Directed by	Kinji Fukasaku
Screenplay by	Koji Takada Gregory Knapp Kinji Fukasaku
Based on	Fukkatsu no hi by Sakyo Komatsu
Produced by	Haruki Kadokawa
Starring	Masao Kusakari Sonny Chiba George Kennedy Robert Vaughn Olivia Hussey Glenn Ford Chuck Connors Henry Silva
Cinematography	Daisaku Kimura
Edited by	Akira Suzuki
Music by	Kentarō Haneda
Production company	Haruki Kadokawa Office
Distributed by	Toho
Release date	28 June 1980 (1980-06-28) (Japan)
Running time	156 minutes
Country	Japan
Languages	English Japanese French German
Budget	US$16 million

Virus, known in Japan as Fukkatsu no Hi (復活の日, lit. "Day of Resurrection"), is a 1980 Japanese post-apocalyptic science fiction film directed by Kinji Fukasaku. Based on Sakyo Komatsu's 1964 novel of the same name, the film stars an international ensemble cast featuring Masao Kusakari, Sonny Chiba, George Kennedy, Robert Vaughn, Chuck Connors, Olivia Hussey, Edward James Olmos, Glenn Ford, and Henry Silva.

At the time of its release, the film was the most expensive Japanese film ever made.

Plot

In 1982, a shady transaction is occurring between an East German scientist, Dr. Krause, and a group of Americans involving a substance known as MM88. MM88 is a deadly virus, created accidentally by an American geneticist, that amplifies the potency of any other virus or bacterium it comes into contact with. The Americans recover the virus sample, which was stolen from a lab in the US the year before, but the virus is accidentally released after the plane transporting it crashes, creating a pandemic initially known as the "Italian Flu".

Within seven months, virtually all the world's population has died off. However, the virus is inactive at temperatures below -10 degrees Celsius, and the polar winter has spared the 855 men and eight women stationed in Antarctica. The British nuclear submarine HMS Nereid joins the scientists after sinking a Soviet submarine whose infected crew attempts to make landfall near Palmer Station.

Several years later, as the group is beginning to repopulate their new home, it is discovered that an earthquake will activate the Automated Reaction System (ARS) and launch the United States nuclear arsenal.

The Soviets have their own version of the ARS that will fire off their weapons in return, including one targeting Palmer Station. After all of the women and children and several hundred of the men are sent to safety aboard an icebreaker, Yoshizumi and Major Carter embark aboard the Nereid on a mission to shut down the ARS, protected from MM88 by an experimental vaccine.

The submarine arrives at Washington, D.C., and Yoshizumi and Carter make a rush for the ARS command bunker. However, they reach the room too late, and Carter dies in the rubble of the earthquake, deep in the bunker. Yoshizumi contacts the Nereid and tells them to try to save themselves, adding that the vaccine seems to have worked “If that still matters”. “At this point in time, life still matters,” the captain replies, telling Yoshizumi to stay where he is: He might be safe.

Washington is hit by a bomb, and the screen fills with atomic bomb after atomic bomb exploding. From there the movie's ending diverges based upon the two cuts. In the American version, the screen goes black for a moment, and the end credits roll over footage of the Antarctic and a poignant song sung by a lone woman’s voice. The refrain is, “It’s not too late...” In the Japanese version, Yoshizumi survives the blast and walks back towards Antarctica. Upon reaching Tierra del Fuego in 1988, he finds survivors from the icebreaker, immunized by a since-developed vaccine. He reunites with the woman he fell in love with, they embrace, and Yoshizumi declares "Life is wonderful."

Cast

• Masao Kusakari as Dr. Shûzô Yoshizumi
• Tsunehiko Watase as Yasuo Tatsuno
• Sonny Chiba as Dr. Yamauchi
• Kensaku Morita as Ryûji Sanazawa
• Toshiyuki Nagashima as Akimasa Matsuo
• Glenn Ford as President Richardson
• George Kennedy as Admiral Conway
• Robert Vaughn as Senator Barkley
• Chuck Connors as Captain McCloud
• Bo Svenson as Major Carter
• Olivia Hussey as Marit
• Henry Silva as General Garland
• Isao Natsuyagi as Commander Nakanishi
• Stephanie Faulkner as Sarah Baker
• Stuart Gillard as Dr. Edward Meyer
• Cec Linder as Dr. Latour
• George Touliatos as Colonel Rankin
• Chris Wiggins as Dr. Borodinov
• Edward James Olmos as Captain Lopez
• Colin Fox as Agent Z
• Ken Pogue as Dr. Krause
• Alberta Watson as Litha

Background and production

In the 1970s, producer Haruki Kadokawa formed the Kadokawa Production Company. Its releases included Kon Ichikawa's The Inugamis and Junya Sato's Proof of the Man, with the latter having American cast members such as George Kennedy. Kadokawa began to develop films that were often based on literary properties held by Kadokawa's publishing arm.

The domestic box-office for these films was large, which led to Kadokawa putting US$16 million into the film Virus, making it the most expensive film in Japanese history on its release. The film was shot on location in Tokyo and various locations throughout Canada, including Kleinburg, Ottawa, and Halifax. The production was heavily supported by the Chilean Navy, who lent the submarine Simpson (SS-21) for use as a filming location. Submarine interiors were filmed on-board HMCS Okanagan (S74), an Oberon-class vessel that served in the Canadian Forces.

During filming, a Swedish cruiser used to transport crew was heavily damaged by a coral reef off the Chilean coast, and had to be rescued by the Navy.

Janis Ian wrote the lyrics to the song "Toujours Gai Mon Cher (You Are Love)" and performs it. In the closing credits, it is erroneously listed as "Tourjours Gai Mon Cher". The music was produced by Teo Macero.

Release

Virus was released theatrically in Japan on 28 June 1980 where it was distributed by Toho.

The American version of the film was shown for review at the Cannes Film Festival in May 1980 as a "work-in-progress" print. The non-English language footage was dubbed into English for this release and it ran at 156 minutes. It was initially released to home video in the United States with a 108-minute run-time and was presented on television with a 93-minute running time. The original Japanese-language cut was released to home video in 2006 with English subtitles.

See also

• 12 Monkeys
• Contagion
• Outbreak
• Doomsday device

References

1. ^ Galbraith IV 2008, p. 322.
2. ^ Galbraith IV 2008, p. 323.
3. ^ Bolam & Bolam 2011, p. 113.
4. "Virus". Turner Classic Movies. Atlanta: Turner Broadcasting System (Time Warner). Retrieved 2 March 2016.
5. Dr. Latour: We've all had injections of my vaccine against the virus, which is why we have survived the last four years. (English, Kadokawa Shoten, 1980)
6. Mitchell 2001, p. 231.
7. Bolam & Bolam 2011, p. 114.
8. Warren & Thomas 2016, p. 617.
9. Sharp, Jasper (9 April 2001). "Midnight Eye review: Virus (Fukkatsu no Hi, 1980, Kinji FUKASAKU)". Midnight Eye. Retrieved 2 April 2017.

Sources

• Bolam, Sarah Miles; Bolam, Thomas J. (2011). Fictional Presidential Films: A Comprehensive Filmography of Portrayals from 1930 to 2011. Bloomington, Indiana: Xlibris. pp. 113–114. ISBN 978-1462893171.
• Ford, Peter (2011). Glenn Ford: A Life (Wisconsin Film Studies) (1st ed.). Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press. p. 286. ISBN 978-0299281540.
• Galbraith IV, Stuart (2008). The Toho Studios Story: A History and Complete Filmography. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. p. 323. ISBN 978-0810860049.
• Mitchell, Charles P. (2001). A Guide to Apocalyptic Cinema (Annotated ed.). Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 231. ISBN 978-0313315275.
• Murguia, Salvador, ed. (2016). The Encyclopedia of Japanese Horror Films (National Cinemas). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 356–358. ISBN 978-1442261662.
• Prickette, James (2012). Actors of the Spaghetti Westerns. Bloomington, Indiana: Xlibris. p. 1900. ISBN 978-1469144283.
• Warren, Bill; Thomas, Bill (2016). Keep Watching the Skies! American Science Fiction Movies of the Fifties, The 21st Century Edition (2 vol set) (21st Century ed.). New York City: McFarland & Company. p. 617. ISBN 978-1476666181.
• Young, R. G. (2000). The Encyclopedia of Fantastic Film: Ali Baba to Zombies (1st ed.). Milwaukee: Applause Theatre and Cinema Books. p. 678. ISBN 978-1557832696.

External links

• Virus (in Japanese). Japanese Movie Database. 1980. (in Japanese)
• Virus at IMDb
• Virus is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive (full length edit)
• Virus. Internet Archive. 1980. (short edit)
• Virus. YouTube. Archived from the original on 18 December 2021. (full original cut)

• 1980 films
• 1980s disaster films
• 1980s science fiction thriller films
• English-language Japanese films
• Films about nuclear war and weapons
• Films about viral outbreaks
• Films based on Japanese novels
• Films based on science fiction novels
• Films directed by Kinji Fukasaku
• Films set in 1982
• Films set in 1983
• Films set in 1988
• Films set in the future
• Films set in Antarctica
• Films set in East Germany
• Films set in Kazakhstan
• Films set in Maryland
• Films set in Tokyo
• Films set in the United States
• Films set in the White House
• Films shot in Alaska
• Films shot in Nova Scotia
• Films shot in Antarctica
• Films shot in Peru
• Japanese disaster films
• Japanese science fiction thriller films
• 1980s Japanese-language films
• Japanese post-apocalyptic films
• Science fiction submarine films
• Tokusatsu films
• Toho films
• Cold War films
• 1980s pregnancy films
• Films scored by Kentarō Haneda
• Japanese pregnancy films
• 1980s American films
• 1980s Japanese films