| Revision as of 20:05, 16 June 2023 editKheider (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers31,885 edits Betelgeuse is expected to dim by about 3 magnitudes.<ref name=hal-astro-lab/>← Previous edit | Revision as of 15:27, 17 June 2023 edit undoKheider (talk | contribs)Autopatrolled, Extended confirmed users, Pending changes reviewers31,885 edits →2023 occultation of Betelgeuse: 6 sec from first contact to the maximum eclipse, and another 6 sec to the last contactNext edit → | ||
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| File:Leona Betelgeuse.png|Predicted path of the ] of ] by the asteroid ] on 12 December 2023, using the ] software | File:Leona Betelgeuse.png|Predicted path of the ] of ] by the asteroid ] on 12 December 2023, using the ] software | ||
| </gallery> | </gallery> | ||
| On 12 December 2023 Leona will ] ] as seen from southern Europe.<ref name="occult"/> The 14th magnitude asteroid will occult Betelgeuse (block or reduce the light) for about |
On 12 December 2023 Leona will ] ] as seen from southern Europe.<ref name="occult"/> The 14th magnitude asteroid will occult Betelgeuse (block or reduce the light) for about 12 seconds as seen from Turkey, Greece and Sicily. Betelgeuse is expected to dim by about 3 magnitudes.<ref name=hal-astro-lab/> ] studies of the event may help understand the distribution of brightness over the disk of Betelgeuse. | ||
| {{Expand section|date=May 2022|with=details about the unusual occultation}} | {{Expand section|date=May 2022|with=details about the unusual occultation}} | ||
Revision as of 15:27, 17 June 2023
Main-belt asteroid Orbital diagram | |
| Discovery | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | A. Charlois |
| Discovery site | Nice Obs. |
| Discovery date | 8 October 1891 |
| Designations | |
| MPC designation | (319) Leona |
| Pronunciation | /liːˈoʊnə/ |
| Named after | unknown Leona |
| Alternative designations | A920 HE |
| Minor planet category | main-belt · (outer) |
| Orbital characteristics | |
| Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 0 | |
| Observation arc | 125.32 yr (45,774 days) |
| Aphelion | 4.1451 AU |
| Perihelion | 2.6655 AU |
| Semi-major axis | 3.4053 AU |
| Eccentricity | 0.2172 |
| Orbital period (sidereal) | 6.28 yr (2,295 days) |
| Mean anomaly | 21.414° |
| Mean motion | 0° 9 24.48 / day |
| Inclination | 10.564° |
| Longitude of ascending node | 184.95° |
| Argument of perihelion | 228.27° |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Dimensions | 49.943±0.477 km 54.136±1.193 km 65.90±0.92 km 67.97 km (derived) 89.00±27.92 km |
| Synodic rotation period | 9.06±0.05 h (fragmentary) 9.6 h (fragmentary) 14.9±0.1 h (fragmentary) 430±2 h |
| Geometric albedo | 0.02±0.02 0.0318 (derived) 0.0374±0.0191 0.051±0.002 0.085±0.005 |
| Spectral type | P · X · C |
| Absolute magnitude (H) | 9.8 · 10.09±0.10 · 10.17 · 10.2 · 10.46±0.06 |
Leona (minor planet designation: 319 Leona), provisional designation A920 HE, is a dark asteroid and tumbling slow rotator from the outermost regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 70 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 8 October 1891, by French astronomer Auguste Charlois at Nice Observatory in southwestern France. Any reference of its name to a person is unknown. On 12 December 2023 Leona will occult Betelgeuse as seen from southern Europe.
Classification and orbit
Leona orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.7–4.1 AU once every 6 years and 3 months (2,295 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.22 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.
The asteroid's observation arc begins at the discovering observatory, one night after its official discovery observation.
Physical characteristics
Spectral type
Leona has been characterized as a dark and reddish P-type asteroid by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), and as an X-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link groups it to the carbonaceous C-type asteroids.
Slow rotator and tumbler
In October 2016, a rotational lightcurve of Leona was obtained from photometric observations by astronomers Frederick Pilcher (see naming cite for 1990 Pilcher) at Organ Mesa Observatory (G50), United States, Lorenzo Franco at Balzaretto Observatory (A81), Italy, and Petr Pravec at the Ondřejov Observatory, Czech Republic. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 430±2 hours with a brightness variation of 0.5 magnitude (U=3).
This makes Leona one of the Top 100 slowest rotators known to exist. The astronomers also detected a non-principal axis rotation seen in distinct rotational cycles in successive order. This tumbling also gives an alternative candidate period solution of 1084±10 hours, one of the longest periods ever measured. It is the third-largest tumbler known to exists (also see List of tumblers).
Previous observations of Leona gave a much shorter period between 6 and 15 hours, which demonstrates the intricacy when observing slow rotators, especially those with a tumbling motion. A detailed description of the procedure of the photometric measurement is given by Pilcher.
Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE space-telescope, Leona measures between 49.943 and 89.00 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.02 and 0.085. CALL derived an albedo of 0.0318 and a diameter of 67.97 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.2.
Naming
The origin of this minor planet's name is unknown.
Among the many thousands of named minor planets, Leona is one of 120 asteroids for which no official naming citation has been published. All of these low-numbered asteroids have numbers between 164 Eva and 1514 Ricouxa and were discovered between 1876 and the 1930s, predominantly by astronomers Auguste Charlois, Johann Palisa, Max Wolf and Karl Reinmuth.
2023 occultation of Betelgeuse
-
Predicted path of the occultation of Betelgeuse by the asteroid (319) Leona on 12 December 2023, using the SOLEX software
On 12 December 2023 Leona will occult Betelgeuse as seen from southern Europe. The 14th magnitude asteroid will occult Betelgeuse (block or reduce the light) for about 12 seconds as seen from Turkey, Greece and Sicily. Betelgeuse is expected to dim by about 3 magnitudes. Light curve studies of the event may help understand the distribution of brightness over the disk of Betelgeuse.
 | This section needs expansion with: details about the unusual occultation. You can help by adding to it. (May 2022) |
References
- ^ "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 319 Leona" (2017-02-04 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
- ^ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(319) Leona". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (319) Leona. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 42. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_320. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- ^ "LCDB Data for (319) Leona". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. S2CID 119293330. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. S2CID 35447010.
- ^ Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
- ^ Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (319) Leona". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ Alkema, Michael S. (October 2013). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at Elephant Head Observatory: 2013 April-July". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 40 (4): 215–216. Bibcode:2013MPBu...40..215A. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ Pilcher, Frederick; Franco, Lorenzo; Pravec, Petr (April 2017). "319 Leona and 341 California - Two Very Slowly Rotating Asteroids" (PDF). The Minor Planet Bulletin. 44 (2): 87–90. Bibcode:2017MPBu...44...87P. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. S2CID 53493339. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ "319 Leona". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
- ^ Denissenko, Denis (3 October 2004). "Unique occultations". Archived from the original on 16 December 2012.
- Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "Appendix 11 – Minor Planet Names with Unknown Meaning". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Fifth Revised and Enlarged revision. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. pp. 927–929. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
- "Asteroidal occultation Prediction: (319)Leona". NASA/JPL Near-Earth Object Program Office. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
External links
- Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB), query form (info Archived 16 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine)
- Dictionary of Minor Planet Names, Google books
- Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
- Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000) – Minor Planet Center
- 319 Leona at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
- 319 Leona at the JPL Small-Body Database
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