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| {{Short description|Ming dynasty era name (1522–1566)}} | |||
| '''Jiajing''' ({{zh|c=嘉靖|p=Jiājìng|w=Chia-ching|l=admirable tranquility}}; 28 January 1522 – 8 February 1567) was the ] (''nianhao'') of the ], the 12th emperor of the ]. The Jiajing era lasted for 45 years, making it the second-longest era of the Ming. The era name "Jiajing" comes from the phrase "{{zhi|c=嘉靖殷邦}}" (''jiajing yin bang''; translated by ], 1879: ..., but admirably and tranquilly presided over the regions of Yin, ...) in the chapter of Wuyi ({{zhi|=無逸}}, Against Luxurious Ease) in the '']''. When the Jiajing Emperor ascended the throne, the Cabinet's candidate era names were the first "Mingliang" ({{zhi|c=明良}}; meaning 'a wise emperor and virtuous officials'), followed by "Shaozhi" ({{zhi|t=紹治}}; meaning 'inheriting the Hongzhi Restoration'), and the third "Jiajing".<ref>{{cite wikisource| language=Chinese|trans-title=Yao shan tang wai ji, Su Huangdi|title=堯山堂外紀·肅皇帝|author=Jiang Yikui ({{zhi|c=蒋一葵}})|wslink=zh:堯山堂外紀/卷096}} {{zhi|t=肅皇帝入繼紀元，內閣初擬明良，次嘉靖，次紹治，上時用嘉靖云。}}</ref> | |||
| On 4 February 1567 (Jiajing 45, 14th day of the 12th month), the ] ascended to the throne and continued to use the Jiajing era name. The following year, the era was changed to ].<ref>''History of Ming'', Volume 19:{{zhi|t=〔嘉靖〕四十五年十二月庚子，世宗崩。壬子，即皇帝位。以明年為隆慶元年，大赦天下。}}</ref> | |||
| ==Comparison table== | |||
| {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" | |||
| !Jiajing!!1!!2!!3!!4!!5!!6!!7!!8!!9!!10 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |1522||1523||1524||1525||1526||1527||1528||1529||1530||1531 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |Rénwǔ ({{zhi|c=壬午}})||Guǐwèi ({{zhi|c=癸未}})||Jiǎshēn ({{zhi|c=甲申}})||Yǐyǒu ({{zhi|c=乙酉}})||Bǐngxū ({{zhi|c=丙戌}})||Dīnghài ({{zhi|c=丁亥}})||Wùzǐ ({{zhi|c=戊子}})||Jǐchǒu ({{zhi|c=己丑}})||Gēngyín ({{zhi|c=庚寅}})||Xīnmǎo ({{zhi|c=辛卯}}) | |||
| |- | |||
| !Jiajing!!11!!12!!13!!14!!15!!16!!17!!18!!19!!20 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |1532||1533||1534||1535||1536||1537||1538||1539||1540||1541 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |Rénchén ({{zhi|c=壬辰}})||Guǐsì ({{zhi|c=癸巳}})||Jiǎwǔ ({{zhi|c=甲午}})||Yǐwèi ({{zhi|c=乙未}})||Bǐngshēn ({{zhi|c=丙申}})||Dīngyǒu ({{zhi|c=丁酉}})||Wùxū ({{zhi|c=戊戌}})||Jǐhài ({{zhi|c=己亥}})||Gēngzǐ ({{zhi|c=庚子}})||Xīnchǒu ({{zhi|c=辛丑}}) | |||
| |- | |||
| !Jiajing!!21!!22!!23!!24!!25!!26!!27!!28!!29!!30 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |1542||1543||1544||1545||1546||1547||1548||1549||1550||1551 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |Rényín ({{zhi|c=壬寅}})||Guǐmǎo ({{zhi|c=癸卯}})||Jiǎchén ({{zhi|c=甲辰}})||Yǐsì ({{zhi|c=乙巳}})||Bǐngwǔ ({{zhi|c=丙午}})||Dīngwèi ({{zhi|c=丁未}})||Wùshēn ({{zhi|c=戊申}})||Jǐyǒu ({{zhi|c=己酉}})||Gēngxū ({{zhi|c=庚戌}})|| Xīnhài ({{zhi|c=辛亥}}) | |||
| |- | |||
| !Jiajing!!31!!32!!33!!34!!35!!36!!37!!38!!39!!40 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |1552||1553||1554||1555||1556||1557||1558||1559||1560||1561 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |Rénzǐ ({{zhi|c=壬子}})||Guǐchǒu ({{zhi|c=癸丑}})|| Jiǎyín ({{zhi|c=甲寅}})||Yǐmǎo ({{zhi|c=乙卯}})||Bǐngchén ({{zhi|c=丙辰}})||Dīngsì ({{zhi|c=丁巳}})||Wùwǔ ({{zhi|c=戊午}})||Jǐwèi ({{zhi|c=己未}})||Gēngshēn ({{zhi|c=庚申}})||Xīnyǒu ({{zhi|c=辛酉}}) | |||
| |- | |||
| !Jiajing!!41!!42!!43!!44!!45 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |1562||1563||1564||1565||1566 | |||
| |- | |||
| |] | |||
| |Rénxū ({{zhi|c=壬戌}})||Guǐhài ({{zhi|c=癸亥}})||Jiǎzǐ ({{zhi|c=甲子}})||Yǐchǒu ({{zhi|c=乙丑}})||Bǐngyín ({{zhi|c=丙寅}}) | |||
| |} | |||
| ==Other regimes' era names that existed during the same period== | |||
| * China | |||
| ** ''Tianyuan'' ({{zhi|t=天淵}}, 1546): Ming period—era name of Tian Bin ({{zhi|c=田斌}}), leader of the Wenshang uprising in Shandong | |||
| ** ''Zaoli'' ({{zhi|t=造歷}}) or ''Longfei'' ({{zhi|t=龍飛}}) (1560–1562): Ming period—era name of Zhang Lian ({{zhi|t=張璉}}), leader of the peasant revolt in Guangdong | |||
| ** ''Dabao'' ({{zhi|t=大寶}}, 1565): Ming period—era name of Cai Boguan ({{zhi|t=蔡伯貫}}), leader of the peasant revolt in Sichuan | |||
| * Vietnam | |||
| ** ''Quang Thiệu'' ({{zhi|t=光紹}}, 1516–1522): ]—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Thống Nguyên'' ({{zhi|t=統元}}, 1522–1526): Later Lê dynasty—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Nguyên Hòa'' ({{zhi|c=元和}}, 1533–1548): Later Lê dynasty—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Quang Chiếu'' ({{zhi|c=光照}}, 1533–1536): Later Lê dynasty—era name of Lê Hiến, Prince Đại ({{zhi|t=代王 黎憲}}) | |||
| ** ''Thuận Bình'' ({{zhi|t=順平}}, 1548–1556): Later Lê dynasty—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Thiên Hựu'' ({{zhi|c=天祐}}, 1557): Later Lê dynasty—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Chính Trị'' ({{zhi|c=正治}}, 1558–1571): Later Lê dynasty—era name of Lê Anh Tông | |||
| ** ''Minh Đức'' ({{zhi|c=明德}}, 1527–1529): ]—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Đại Chính'' ({{zhi|c=大正}}, 1530–1540): Mạc dynasty—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Quảng Hòa'' ({{zhi|t=廣和}}, 1541–1546): Mạc dynasty—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Vĩnh Định'' ({{zhi|c=永定}}, 1547): Mạc dynasty—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Cảnh Lịch'' ({{zhi|t=景歷}}, 1548–1555): Mạc dynasty—era name of Mạc Tuyên Tông | |||
| ** ''Quang Bảo'' ({{zhi|t=光寶}}, 1555–1564): Mạc dynasty—era name of Mạc Tuyên Tông | |||
| ** ''Thuần Phúc'' ({{zhi|c=淳福}}, 1565–1568): Mạc dynasty—era name of ] | |||
| ** ''Sùng Khang'' ({{zhi|c=崇康}}, 1568–1578): Mạc dynasty—era name of Mạc Mậu Hợp | |||
| * Japan | |||
| ** '']'' ({{nihongo2|大永}}, 1521–1528): era name of ] and ] | |||
| ** '']'' ({{nihongo2|享禄}}, 1528–1532): era name of Emperor Go-Nara | |||
| ** '']'' ({{nihongo2|天文}}, 1532–1555): era name of Emperor Go-Nara | |||
| ** '']'' ({{nihongo2|弘治}}, 1555–1558): era name of Emperor Go-Nara and ] | |||
| ** '']'' ({{nihongo2|永禄}}, 1558–1570): era name of Emperor Ōgimachi | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| * ] | |||
| * ] | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{Reflist}} | |||
| ==Bibliography== | |||
| * {{cite book|first=Chongzhi|last=Li|title=中國歷代年號考|trans-title=Zhongguo Lidai Nianhao Kao|language=Chinese|year=December 2004|publisher=Zhonghua Book Co.|location=Beijing|isbn=7101025129}} | |||
| * {{cite book|first=Hongbo|last=Deng|title=東亞歷史年表|trans-title=Chronology of East Asian History|language=Chinese|url=http://www.eastasia.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/05_a04.htm|year=March 2005|access-date=26 November 2021|archive-date=25 August 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825002742/http://www.eastasia.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/05_a04.htm|publisher=National Taiwan University Program for East Asian Classics and Cultures|location=Taipei|isbn=9789860005189}} | |||
| {{s-start}} | |||
| {{succession box | |||
| | before = ] | |||
| | title = ] ] | |||
| | years = 1522–1567 | |||
| | after = ] | |||
| }} | |||
| {{s-end}} | |||
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Jiajing}} | |||
| ] | |||
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