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| year = {{start date|1983}} | year = {{start date|1983}}
| type = ]/] | type = ]/]
| material = Copper plate and wire, leather and silk | material = Copper plate and wire, leather and silk
| designer = Aggie Guerard Rodgers<ref name=Wired/> and Rodis-Jamero<ref name="Homing Beacon"/> | designer = Aggie Guerard Rodgers and Nilo Rodis-Jamero
}} }}


'''Princess Leia's bikini''' (also known as '''Princess Leia's metal bikini''') is an ] costume worn by actress ] as ] in the 1983 '']'' film '']''. '''Princess Leia's bikini''' is an iconic costume worn by actress ] as ] in the 1983 '']'' film '']''.


==Development== ==Development==
] Aggie Guerard Rodgers built the costume as part of the ] visual effects company,<ref name=Wired>{{cite magazine |date=July 11, 2006 |url=http://archive.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/news/2006/07/71267 |title=The Cult of Leia's Metal Bikini |magazine=] |access-date=March 14, 2019}}</ref> along with Nilo Rodis-Jamero.<ref name=smith> {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001085040/http://www.sites.si.edu/2014swapocrjpqtest/LeiaSlaveCostume.html |date=October 1, 2015 }}, Smithsonian</ref> Rodgers said that Lucas gave her only general instructions about the scene in Jabba's palace, but wanted a special costume. She originally "wanted 25 yards of fabric to be flowing through the scene", but could not make it work.<ref name=Wired/> The outfit was created by Aggie Guerard Rodgers and Nilo Rodis-Jamero, costume designers for ''Return of the Jedi''.<ref name="Wired">{{cite magazine |last=Chien |first=Philip |date=July 11, 2006 |title=The Cult of Leia's Metal Bikini |url=http://archive.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/news/2006/07/71267 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227174837/https://www.wired.com/2006/07/the-cult-of-leias-metal-bikini/ |archive-date=December 27, 2016 |access-date=March 14, 2019 |magazine=]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Princess Leia Slave Costume |url=http://www.padawansguide.com/leia_bikini.shtml |access-date=May 26, 2024 |website=The Padawan's Guide}}</ref> According to Rodgers, the design was inspired by the work of artist ].<ref name="Wired"/> Author ] suggested the design was also derived from drawings by ] of women in metal bikinis.<ref>Rikke Schubart, ''Super bitches and action babes: the female hero in popular cinema, 1970–2006'', page 225, McFarland & Co., 2007, {{ISBN|0-7864-2924-0}}</ref>

The outfit was first developed in sketches by Rodis-Jamero, assistant art director of visual effects for '']'' and the ''Return of the Jedi'' costume designer.<ref name="Homing Beacon"> '']''. Archived and . Retrieved August 24, 2008.</ref> Rodgers said in 2006 that the costume's design was inspired by the work of science fiction artist ], saying "He really loved form. The fact that such a female sensual costume, I think is terrific."<ref name=Wired/> Author Rikke Schubart wrote in 2007 that the final design was inspired by '']''{{'s}} cover illustrator ] drawings of women in metal bikinis that served as putative armors.<ref>Rikke Schubart, ''Super bitches and action babes: the female hero in popular cinema, 1970–2006'', page 225, McFarland & Co., 2007, {{ISBN|0-7864-2924-0}}</ref> The costume is a type that can be traced to earlier films, such as ]’s turn as the native dancing girl in '']'' from 1929, ] in '']'', 1947, and ] adventure films from the 1940s.<ref name=smith/> The bikini was also worn by stuntwoman Tracy Eddon for the film.<ref>, IGN</ref> In the 1997 ] game '']'', Leia wears the outfit as "Slave Leia", an unlockable playable character.


==Design and material== ==Design and material==
⚫ Rodgers and the staff created multiple versions of the metal bikini string to accommodate different scenes in the film, including a hard metal piece (original bronze bra by sculptor ] who is credited as "head jeweler" in the film credits) for scenes in which Fisher remained still, and a rubber outfit she and stuntwoman Tracy Eddon could wear comfortably while performing stunts.<ref name=Wired/> The costume designers made a mold of Fisher's torso so it could be designed to a custom fit.<ref name=Wired/> Fisher quipped that the bikini is "what supermodels will eventually wear in the seventh ring of hell."<ref>{{cite web|title=Postcards From the Edge of the Galaxy|url=http://www.newsweek.com/postcards-edge-galaxy-167072|access-date=December 10, 2015|work=]|first=Carrie|last=Fisher|date=May 16, 1999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010702134120/http://www.blueharvest.net/scoops/newsweek.shtml|archive-date=July 2, 2001|url-status=live}}</ref>
]

⚫ Rodgers and the staff created multiple versions of the metal bikini string to accommodate different scenes in the film, including a hard metal piece (original bronze bra by sculptor ] who is credited as "head jeweler" in the film credits) for scenes in which Fisher remained still, and a rubber outfit she and stuntwoman Tracy Eddon could wear comfortably while performing stunts.<ref name=Wired/> The costume designers made a ] of Carrie Fisher's torso so it could be designed to a custom fit.<ref name=Wired/> Fisher said of the material, "It was like steel, not steel, but hard plastic, and if you stood behind me you could see straight to Florida. You'll have to ask ] about that."<ref>''Star Wars Insider 68''</ref> She also said the bikini is "what supermodels will eventually wear in the seventh ring of hell."<ref>{{cite web|title=Postcards From the Edge of the Galaxy|url=http://www.newsweek.com/postcards-edge-galaxy-167072|access-date=December 10, 2015|work=]|first=Carrie|last=Fisher|date=May 16, 1999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010702134120/http://www.blueharvest.net/scoops/newsweek.shtml|archive-date=July 2, 2001|url-status=live}}</ref>


* '''Top:''' The outfit consisted of a patterned copper ] with a curved, plunging neckline that fastened behind the neck and back with string. * '''Top:''' The outfit consisted of a patterned copper ] with a curved, plunging neckline that fastened behind the neck and back with string.
Line 26: Line 22:


==Reception== ==Reception==
⚫ Featured only in two scenes, the "Slave Leia" costume has nonetheless made Carrie Fisher an iconic ].<ref name="townsend">{{cite magazine |title=Princess Leia's Gold Bikini in ''Return of the Jedi'' |first=Allie |last=Townsend |date=July 5, 2011 |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2081310_2080985_2081016,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709010359/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2081310_2080985_2081016,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 9, 2011 |magazine=] |access-date=August 15, 2013}}</ref><ref name="cosplay">{{Cite news|url=http://www.cosplaynewsnetwork.com/hottest-slave-leia-cosplay-instagram/|title=The Hottest Slave Leia Cosplay on Instagram|date=January 21, 2018 |work=Cosplay News Network|access-date=March 14, 2019}}</ref> The outfit has been elevated to pop culture icon status, spawning various spoofs and parodies and even a dedicated fansite.<ref>Crowley, Dan (2007). . p. 191 (entry 127), Sourcebooks, Inc., {{ISBN|9781402248221}}</ref> '']'' wrote that the only reason for the costume's fame is "no doubt that the sight of Carrie Fisher in the gold sci-fi swimsuit was burned into the sweaty subconscious of a generation of fanboys hitting puberty in the spring of 1983."<ref name=Wired/> Noah Berlatsky argued in '']'' for a deeper significance to the costume beyond its function as a sex symbol, stating that the outfit represents an important stage in Princess Leia's complicated relationship with ].<ref>{{cite news |work=] |title=The 'slave Leia' controversy is about more than objectification |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/nov/05/slave-leia-controversy-star-wars-objectification |first=Noah |last=Berlatsky |date=November 5, 2015 |access-date=December 29, 2016}}</ref> Peter W. Lee argues that the bikini connotes Leia's hopelessness and helplessness, but even in that demeaning costume she retains her dignity and remains an icon of feminism.<ref>{{cite book |first=Peter W. |last=Lee |title=A Galaxy Here and Now: Historical and Cultural Readings of Star Wars |pages=68–69 |publisher=] |date=2016 |isbn=978-1-4766-2408-2}}</ref>
{{multiple image
|direction = horizontal
|align = left
|header = Cosplay
|header_align = center
|image2 = Olivia Munn Leia.jpg
|caption2 = Actress ]
|width2 = 97
|image1 = Slave_Leia_Shoot,_Celebration_V.jpg
|caption1 = ], 2010
|width1 = 194
}}

⚫ Featured only in two scenes, the "Slave Leia" costume has nonetheless made Carrie Fisher an iconic ].<ref name="townsend">{{cite magazine |title=Princess Leia's Gold Bikini in ''Return of the Jedi'' |first=Allie |last=Townsend |date=July 5, 2011 |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2081310_2080985_2081016,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709010359/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,2081310_2080985_2081016,00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 9, 2011 |magazine=] |access-date=August 15, 2013}}</ref><ref name="cosplay">{{Cite news|url=http://www.cosplaynewsnetwork.com/hottest-slave-leia-cosplay-instagram/|title=The Hottest Slave Leia Cosplay on Instagram|date=January 21, 2018 |work=Cosplay News Network|access-date=March 14, 2019}}</ref> Fisher posed in the costume for a 1983 cover story in '']''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wild|first=Chris|title=1983: The gold bikini at the beach, because that makes sense|url=https://mashable.com/2016/01/04/princess-leia-beach/|access-date=July 22, 2020|website=Mashable|date=January 4, 2016 |language=en}}</ref> The costume has been parodied in various TV series and films, including '']'' (1996), '']'' (2000) and '']'' (2009).<ref name=Wired/><ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.ew.com/article/2009/02/06/princess-leia-film-and-tv? |title=Princess Leia on film and TV |magazine=] |first=Jeff |last=Labrecque |date=February 6, 2009 |access-date=October 25, 2015}}</ref><ref>https://ew.com/movies/princess-leia-pop-culture/</ref> 's appearance wearing the costume in '']'' (2009) prompted '']'' magazine to rank her No. 24 of the 25 sexiest women on TV in 2008.<ref>{{cite web |work=] |date=February 18, 2008 |url=http://www.wizarduniverse.com/02180825hottvwomen.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225195555/http://www.wizarduniverse.com/02180825hottvwomen.html |archive-date=February 25, 2008 |title=Top 25 Sexiest Women on TV |access-date=December 1, 2015 |first=Jake |last=Rossen |author2=''Wizard'' Staff}}</ref> ] gave Strahovski the top honor in a similar list.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://stars.ign.com/articles/852/852183p5.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225213611/http://stars.ign.com/articles/852/852183p5.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 25, 2008 |publisher=] |title=25 Boob Tube Babes |date=February 15, 2008 |access-date=December 1, 2015}}</ref> The outfit has been elevated to pop culture icon status, spawning even a dedicated fansite.<ref>Crowley, Dan (2007). . p. 191 (entry 127), Sourcebooks, Inc., {{ISBN|9781402248221}}</ref> '']'' wrote that the only reason for the costume's fame is "no doubt that the sight of Carrie Fisher in the gold sci-fi swimsuit was burned into the sweaty subconscious of a generation of fanboys hitting puberty in the spring of 1983."<ref name=Wired/> Noah Berlatsky argued in '']'' for a deeper significance to the costume beyond its function as a sex symbol, stating that the outfit represents an important stage in Princess Leia's complicated relationship with ].<ref>{{cite news |work=] |title=The 'slave Leia' controversy is about more than objectification |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/nov/05/slave-leia-controversy-star-wars-objectification |first=Noah |last=Berlatsky |date=November 5, 2015 |access-date=December 29, 2016}}</ref> Peter W. Lee argues that the bikini connotes Leia's hopelessness and helplessness, but even in that demeaning costume she retains her dignity and remains an icon of feminism.<ref>{{cite book |first=Peter W. |last=Lee |title=A Galaxy Here and Now: Historical and Cultural Readings of Star Wars |pages=68–69 |publisher=] |date=2016 |isbn=978-1-4766-2408-2}}</ref>

The costume is a popular ] at ] and comic conventions,<ref name="townsend"/><ref name="cosplay"/> and has become a popular ] costume.<ref>{{cite news |title=Popular Halloween decor, costumes |url=http://www.newsandsentinel.com/page/content.detail/id/579346/Popular-Halloween-decor--costumes.html?nav=5061 |first=Brett |last=Dunlap |work=] |date=October 20, 2013 |access-date=March 14, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Carin |last=Davis |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XJ2XF7nwpnwC&q=princess+leia+bikini+halloween&pg=PA157 |title=Life, Love, Lox: Real-World Advice for the Modern Jewish Girl |page=157 |publisher=Running Press |date=2010 |isbn=978-0-76244-041-2 |via=]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=Joseph |last=Greene |title=The ComMANdments; The Official Guide Book to Man Rules |date=February 6, 2011 |volume=II |page=23 |publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1-45838-473-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=National Costumers Association (U.S.) |title=1998 Hollywood Trend Report |journal=Costume! Business|volume=1|publisher=Festivities Publications |year=1998}}</ref> Various celebrities have also been shown wearing the costume. ], the star of the shows '']'' and '']'', was photographed wearing the outfit during a costume party.<ref>{{cite magazine |date=July 11, 2006 |url=https://www.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/multimedia/2006/07/princessleia?slide=10&slideView=1 |title=Princess Leia's Metal Bikini |magazine=Wired |access-date=March 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114073310/http://www.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/multimedia/2006/07/princessleia?slide=10&slideView=1 |archive-date=November 14, 2012}}</ref> ], a radio and television host, has been photographed wearing the costume.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kerri Kasem Photo Gallery |work=Hollywood.com |url=http://www.hollywood.com/content/photo_detail.aspx?id=3554035&p=2 |access-date=September 11, 2010}}</ref> Actress/model Phoebe Price wore it at the ] in 2010.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Phoebe Price Channels Slave Leia|publisher=]|year=2010|url=http://www.celebuzz.com/phoebe-price-channels-slave-leia-g231011/|access-date=September 11, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102043152/http://www.celebuzz.com/phoebe-price-channels-slave-leia-g231011/|archive-date=November 2, 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> ], the Canadian co-host of '']'' and a well-known cosplayer, appeared at 2008 ] dressed in Princess Leia's slave girl outfit.<ref name=startech>Carl Silvio, Tony M. Vinci, '''', page 117, McFarland & Co., 2007, {{ISBN|0-7864-2910-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first= Heath|last= McCoy|title= Geek girls gone wild!|url= http://www2.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/entertainment/story.html?id=d80a5430-a0f8-4f02-b7e1-31681a43b426|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080427212851/http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/entertainment/story.html?id=d80a5430-a0f8-4f02-b7e1-31681a43b426|url-status=dead|archive-date= April 27, 2008|work= Calgary Herald|date= April 26, 2008}}</ref> Comedian ] wore a replica of Leia's slave outfit for the August 2015 cover of '']''.<ref>{{cite web|first= Zach|last= Johnson|title= Amy Schumer Wears Princess Leia's Bikini, Seduces C-3PO and R2-D2 and Poses Topless in ''GQ''|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/676072/amy-schumer-wears-princess-leia-s-bikini-seduces-c-3po-and-r2-d2-and-poses-topless-in-gq-see-the-photos|publisher= ]|date=July 15, 2015|access-date=March 14, 2019}}</ref>


With ]'s 2012 acquisition of ], merchandise featuring the costume ceased to be made, apparently in response to a ] segment in which parents described difficulties explaining toys featuring the costume (including a chain around Leia's neck) to their children. Fisher called Disney's decision "stupid," saying, "Tell that a giant slug captured me and forced me to wear that stupid outfit, and then I killed him because I didn't like it."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shamsian|first=Jacob|date=December 11, 2017|title=Carrie Fisher had a great response to anyone who was upset about the Princess Leia bikini in ''Star Wars: Return of the Jedi''|url=https://www.insider.com/carrie-fisher-princess-leia-bikini-response-2016-12|access-date=August 1, 2020|website=Insider}}</ref> The costume is a popular ] at ] and comic conventions.<ref name="townsend"/><ref name="cosplay"/><ref>{{cite magazine |date=July 11, 2006 |url=https://www.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/multimedia/2006/07/princessleia?slide=10&slideView=1 |title=Princess Leia's Metal Bikini |magazine=Wired |access-date=March 14, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114073310/http://www.wired.com/culture/lifestyle/multimedia/2006/07/princessleia?slide=10&slideView=1 |archive-date=November 14, 2012}}</ref><ref name=startech>Carl Silvio, Tony M. Vinci, '''', page 117, McFarland & Co., 2007, {{ISBN|0-7864-2910-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first= Heath|last= McCoy|title= Geek girls gone wild!|url= http://www2.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/entertainment/story.html?id=d80a5430-a0f8-4f02-b7e1-31681a43b426|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080427212851/http://www.canada.com/calgaryherald/news/entertainment/story.html?id=d80a5430-a0f8-4f02-b7e1-31681a43b426|url-status=dead|archive-date= April 27, 2008|work= Calgary Herald|date= April 26, 2008}}</ref> Comedian ] wore a replica of the outfit for the August 2015 cover of '']''.<ref>{{cite web|first= Zach|last= Johnson|title= Amy Schumer Wears Princess Leia's Bikini, Seduces C-3PO and R2-D2 and Poses Topless in ''GQ''|url=http://www.eonline.com/news/676072/amy-schumer-wears-princess-leia-s-bikini-seduces-c-3po-and-r2-d2-and-poses-topless-in-gq-see-the-photos|publisher= ]|date=July 15, 2015|access-date=March 14, 2019}}</ref> With ]'s 2012 acquisition of ], merchandise featuring the costume ceased to be made, apparently in response to a ] segment in which parents described difficulties explaining toys featuring the costume (including a chain around Leia's neck) to their children. Fisher called Disney's decision "stupid," saying, "Tell that a giant slug captured me and forced me to wear that stupid outfit, and then I killed him because I didn't like it."<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shamsian|first=Jacob|date=December 11, 2017|title=Carrie Fisher had a great response to anyone who was upset about the Princess Leia bikini in ''Star Wars: Return of the Jedi''|url=https://www.insider.com/carrie-fisher-princess-leia-bikini-response-2016-12|access-date=August 1, 2020|website=Insider}}</ref>


In 2015, Fisher said "I am not a sex symbol, so that's an opinion of someone. I don’t share that", and told ] to "fight for your outfit. Don't be a slave like I was".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-10-28 |title=Daisy Ridley |url=https://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/daisy-ridley |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=Interview Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McMillan |first=Graeme |date=2015-10-30 |title=''Star Wars'': Carrie Fisher Tells Daisy Ridley 'Don't Be a Slave Like I Was' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/star-wars-carrie-fisher-tells-835546/ |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=] |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2015, Fisher said "I am not a sex symbol, so that's an opinion of someone. I don’t share that", and told ] to "fight for your outfit. Don't be a slave like I was".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-10-28 |title=Daisy Ridley |url=https://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/daisy-ridley |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=Interview Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=McMillan |first=Graeme |date=2015-10-30 |title=''Star Wars'': Carrie Fisher Tells Daisy Ridley 'Don't Be a Slave Like I Was' |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/star-wars-carrie-fisher-tells-835546/ |access-date=2022-09-18 |website=] |language=en-US}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:05, 31 May 2024

Film costume
Princess Leia's bikini
File:Princess Leia bikini-Return of the Jedi (1983).jpgPrincess Leia (played by Carrie Fisher) in her iconic "metal bikini" slave outfit from Return of the Jedi
DesignerAggie Guerard Rodgers and Nilo Rodis-Jamero
Year1983 (1983)
TypeBikini/film costume
MaterialCopper plate and wire, leather and silk

Princess Leia's bikini is an iconic costume worn by actress Carrie Fisher as Princess Leia in the 1983 Star Wars film Return of the Jedi.

Development

The outfit was created by Aggie Guerard Rodgers and Nilo Rodis-Jamero, costume designers for Return of the Jedi. According to Rodgers, the design was inspired by the work of artist Frank Frazetta. Author Rikke Schubart suggested the design was also derived from drawings by Earle K. Bergey of women in metal bikinis.

Design and material

Rodgers and the staff created multiple versions of the metal bikini string to accommodate different scenes in the film, including a hard metal piece (original bronze bra by sculptor Richard Miller who is credited as "head jeweler" in the film credits) for scenes in which Fisher remained still, and a rubber outfit she and stuntwoman Tracy Eddon could wear comfortably while performing stunts. The costume designers made a mold of Fisher's torso so it could be designed to a custom fit. Fisher quipped that the bikini is "what supermodels will eventually wear in the seventh ring of hell."

  • Top: The outfit consisted of a patterned copper brassiere with a curved, plunging neckline that fastened behind the neck and back with string.
  • Bottom: The outfit had a copper plate at the front and both the front and the back were covered by a red silk loincloth.
  • Accessories: Fisher wore knee-high boots of leather, a hair fastener that positioned her braided ponytail to cascade over her right shoulder, two bracelets, and a snake arm-wrap. She also wore a chain and collar that bound her to Jabba the Hutt, her captor, which she used to kill him.

Reception

Featured only in two scenes, the "Slave Leia" costume has nonetheless made Carrie Fisher an iconic sex symbol. The outfit has been elevated to pop culture icon status, spawning various spoofs and parodies and even a dedicated fansite. Wired wrote that the only reason for the costume's fame is "no doubt that the sight of Carrie Fisher in the gold sci-fi swimsuit was burned into the sweaty subconscious of a generation of fanboys hitting puberty in the spring of 1983." Noah Berlatsky argued in The Guardian for a deeper significance to the costume beyond its function as a sex symbol, stating that the outfit represents an important stage in Princess Leia's complicated relationship with Han Solo. Peter W. Lee argues that the bikini connotes Leia's hopelessness and helplessness, but even in that demeaning costume she retains her dignity and remains an icon of feminism.

The costume is a popular cosplay at Star Wars Celebrations and comic conventions. Comedian Amy Schumer wore a replica of the outfit for the August 2015 cover of GQ. With Disney's 2012 acquisition of Lucasfilm, merchandise featuring the costume ceased to be made, apparently in response to a Fox News segment in which parents described difficulties explaining toys featuring the costume (including a chain around Leia's neck) to their children. Fisher called Disney's decision "stupid," saying, "Tell that a giant slug captured me and forced me to wear that stupid outfit, and then I killed him because I didn't like it."

In 2015, Fisher said "I am not a sex symbol, so that's an opinion of someone. I don’t share that", and told Daisy Ridley to "fight for your outfit. Don't be a slave like I was".

References

  1. ^ Chien, Philip (July 11, 2006). "The Cult of Leia's Metal Bikini". ]. Archived from the original on December 27, 2016. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
  2. "Princess Leia Slave Costume". The Padawan's Guide. Retrieved May 26, 2024.
  3. Rikke Schubart, Super bitches and action babes: the female hero in popular cinema, 1970–2006, page 225, McFarland & Co., 2007, ISBN 0-7864-2924-0
  4. Fisher, Carrie (May 16, 1999). "Postcards From the Edge of the Galaxy". Newsweek. Archived from the original on July 2, 2001. Retrieved December 10, 2015.
  5. ^ Douglas Brode, Leah Deyneka (2012). Sex, Politics, and Religion in Star Wars: An Anthology. p. 79, Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810885141
  6. ^ Townsend, Allie (July 5, 2011). "Princess Leia's Gold Bikini in Return of the Jedi". Time. Archived from the original on July 9, 2011. Retrieved August 15, 2013.
  7. ^ "The Hottest Slave Leia Cosplay on Instagram". Cosplay News Network. January 21, 2018. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
  8. Crowley, Dan (2007). 505 Unbelievably Stupid Webpages. p. 191 (entry 127), Sourcebooks, Inc., ISBN 9781402248221
  9. Berlatsky, Noah (November 5, 2015). "The 'slave Leia' controversy is about more than objectification". The Guardian. Retrieved December 29, 2016.
  10. Lee, Peter W. (2016). A Galaxy Here and Now: Historical and Cultural Readings of Star Wars. McFarland & Co. pp. 68–69. ISBN 978-1-4766-2408-2.
  11. "Princess Leia's Metal Bikini". Wired. July 11, 2006. Archived from the original on November 14, 2012. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
  12. Carl Silvio, Tony M. Vinci, Culture, identities, and technology in the Star wars films, page 117, McFarland & Co., 2007, ISBN 0-7864-2910-0
  13. McCoy, Heath (April 26, 2008). "Geek girls gone wild!". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on April 27, 2008.
  14. Johnson, Zach (July 15, 2015). "Amy Schumer Wears Princess Leia's Bikini, Seduces C-3PO and R2-D2 and Poses Topless in GQ". E!. Retrieved March 14, 2019.
  15. Shamsian, Jacob (December 11, 2017). "Carrie Fisher had a great response to anyone who was upset about the Princess Leia bikini in Star Wars: Return of the Jedi". Insider. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
  16. "Daisy Ridley". Interview Magazine. October 28, 2015. Retrieved September 18, 2022.
  17. McMillan, Graeme (October 30, 2015). "Star Wars: Carrie Fisher Tells Daisy Ridley 'Don't Be a Slave Like I Was'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 18, 2022.

Further reading

Categories: