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| The '''Antarctic Treaty''' and related agreements, collectively called the '''Antarctic Treaty System''' or '''ATS''', regulate the ] with respect to ], ]'s only uninhabited ]. For the purposes of the ] system, Antarctica is defined as all land and ] south of the southern 60th ]. The treaty was signed by 12 countries, including the ] and the ], and set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and banned military activity on that ]. This was the first ] agreement established during the ]. | The '''Antarctic Treaty''' and related agreements, collectively called the '''Antarctic Treaty System''' or '''ATS''', regulate the ] with respect to ], ]'s only uninhabited ]. For the purposes of the ] system, Antarctica is defined as all land and ] south of the southern 60th ]. The treaty was signed by 12 countries, including the ] and the ], and set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and banned military activity on that ]. This was the first ] agreement established during the ]. | ||
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| ===The Antarctic Treaty System=== | |||
| *Antarctic Treaty | |||
| **] (1964) (entered into force in 1982) | |||
| **The ] (1972) | |||
| **The ] (1980) | |||
| **The ] (1988) (never entered into force) | |||
| **The ] (1991) | |||
| The main treaty was opened for signature on ], ], and officially entered into force on ], ]. The original signatories were the 12 countries active in Antarctica during the ] of 1957-58 and willing to accept a US invitation to the conference at which the treaty was negotiated. These countries were ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], the ], the ] and the ] (which opened the ] for the ]). | |||
| The main objective of the ATS is to ensure <cite>in the interests of all mankind that Antarctica shall continue forever to be used exclusively for peaceful purposes and shall not become the scene or object of international discord</cite>. The treaty forbids <cite>any measures of a military nature</cite>, but not the presence of military personnel per se. It also defers the question of territorial claims asserted by some nations and not recognized by others. | |||
| The Antarctic Treaty System's yearly ''Consultative Meetings'' are the international forum for management of the region. Only 27 of the 44 parties to the agreements have the right to participate in these meetings. These parties are the ''Consultative Parties'' and, in addition to the twelve original signatories, include 15 countries that have demonstrated their interest in Antarctica by carrying out substantial scientific activity there. These additional countries are ], ], the ], ], ], ], ], ], the ], ], ], ], ], ], ]. | |||
| The 17 Non-Consultative Parties are ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], ], the ], ], ], ], ], ], ], and ]. | |||
| See also: ], ] | |||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
Revision as of 10:48, 18 April 2005
- For the Antarctic Treaty from the Gundam anime, see Antarctic Treaty (Gundam)
The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively called the Antarctic Treaty System or ATS, regulate the international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earth's only uninhabited continent. For the purposes of the treaty system, Antarctica is defined as all land and ice shelves south of the southern 60th parallel. The treaty was signed by 12 countries, including the United States and the Soviet Union, and set aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and banned military activity on that continent. This was the first arms control agreement established during the Cold War.
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The Antarctic Treaty
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