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Revision as of 19:44, 17 December 2024 editGlockerov (talk | contribs)98 editsm Glockerov moved page Draft:Sack of Harar (1559) to Sack of Harar (1559): Published article Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile edit← Previous edit Revision as of 20:15, 17 December 2024 edit undoGlockerov (talk | contribs)98 edits Clean upTags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit Advanced mobile editNext edit →
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{{Short description|Major event of East African history}}
{{Draft topics|history|military-and-warfare}}
{{AfC topic|soc}}
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The '''Sack of Harar in 1559''' was the capture and sack of the city of ], capital of the ], by the army of the ] under the leadership of ''Abeto'' Hamalmal. The Sultan ] was forced to flee the capital and was eventually killed by the victorious Hamalmal,<ref>Hassen, Mohammed. The Oromo and the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia: 1300-1700. United Kingdom: James Currey, 2015, p.179</ref> marking the end of the ].<ref>Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.92</ref>The 1559 sack of Harar was the second devastation of the city by the Ethiopians who sacked it earlier in 1550 after routing an Adalite invasion of Dewaro.<ref>Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.91</ref><ref>Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.134</ref> The '''Sack of Harar in 1559''' was the capture and sack of the city of ], capital of the ], by the army of the ] under the leadership of ''Abeto'' Hamalmal. The Sultan ] was forced to flee the capital and was eventually killed by the victorious Hamalmal,<ref>Hassen, Mohammed. The Oromo and the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia: 1300-1700. United Kingdom: James Currey, 2015, p.179</ref> marking the end of the ].<ref>Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.92</ref>The 1559 sack of Harar was the second devastation of the city by the Ethiopians who sacked it earlier in 1550 after routing an Adalite invasion of Dewaro.<ref>Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.91</ref><ref>Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.134</ref>
{{Infobox military conflict {{Infobox military conflict
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| casualties2 = Very heavy<ref>Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.137</ref> | casualties2 = Very heavy<ref>Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.137</ref>
}} }}

==Aftermath== ==Aftermath==
The Ethiopians' devastation of the city and and massacre of the its population heavily damaged its defenses and left it vulnerable to the advancing Baraytuma clan of the Oromo whose subsequent raids devastated the sultanate's territories further.<ref>Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.137</ref> The death of the sultan ] marked the final disappearance of the ] and the end of its centuries-long conflict with the ].<ref>Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.92</ref> The Ethiopians' devastation of the city and and massacre of the its population heavily damaged its defenses and left it vulnerable to the advancing Baraytuma clan of the Oromo whose subsequent raids devastated the sultanate's territories further.<ref>Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.137</ref> The death of the sultan ] marked the final disappearance of the ] and the end of its centuries-long conflict with the ].<ref>Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.92</ref>

Revision as of 20:15, 17 December 2024

The Sack of Harar in 1559 was the capture and sack of the city of Harar, capital of the Adal Sultanate, by the army of the Ethiopian Empire under the leadership of Abeto Hamalmal. The Sultan Barakat ibn Umar Din was forced to flee the capital and was eventually killed by the victorious Hamalmal, marking the end of the Walashma Dynasty.The 1559 sack of Harar was the second devastation of the city by the Ethiopians who sacked it earlier in 1550 after routing an Adalite invasion of Dewaro.

Sack of Harar
Part of Harar campaign(1559)
Date1559; 465 years ago (1559)
LocationHarar, Adal Sultanate
Result
  • Ethiopian victory
  • Ethiopians capture and sack the city
Belligerents
 Ethiopian Empire Adal Sultanate
Commanders and leaders
Abeto Hamalmal Barakat ibn Umar Din †
Strength
Unknown Unknown
Casualties and losses
Minimal Very heavy

Aftermath

The Ethiopians' devastation of the city and and massacre of the its population heavily damaged its defenses and left it vulnerable to the advancing Baraytuma clan of the Oromo whose subsequent raids devastated the sultanate's territories further. The death of the sultan Barakat ibn Umar Din marked the final disappearance of the Walashma Dynasty and the end of its centuries-long conflict with the Solomonic Dynasty.




References

  1. Hassen, Mohammed. The Oromo and the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia: 1300-1700. United Kingdom: James Currey, 2015, p.179
  2. Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.92
  3. Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.91
  4. Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.134
  5. Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.137
  6. Baynes-Rock, Marcus. Among the Bone Eaters: Encounters with Hyenas in Harar. United States: Penn State University Press, 2015, pp.14-15
  7. Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.137
  8. Pankhurst, Richard. An introduction to the economic history of Ethiopia, from early times to 1800. London: Lalibela House, 1961, p.79
  9. Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.137
  10. Abir, Mordechai. Ethiopia and the Red Sea: The Rise and Decline of the Solomonic Dynasty and Muslim European Rivalry in the Region. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.137
  11. Trimingham, J. Spencer. Islam in Ethiopia. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis, 2013, p.92