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| {{Infobox German place | {{Infobox German place | ||
| | name = Gellep-Stratum | | name = Gellep-Stratum | ||
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| === Gelduba / Gellep === | === Gelduba / Gellep === | ||
| ] of Arpvar with its golden ]]] | ] of Arpvar with its golden ]]] | ||
| In the southeast of present-day Krefeld, there are two ancient settlement cores. The one closer to the Rhine is Gelduba/Gellep. Here, the Romans built the fort Gelduba in the late 1st century AD near an ]. Imperial troops used the fort until at least the middle of the 5th century AD.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=REICHMANN |first=C |date=1987 |title=Die spätantiken Befestigungen von Krefeld-Gellep |url=https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=11999163 |journal=Die spätantiken Befestigungen von Krefeld-Gellep |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=507–521 |issn=0342-734X}}</ref> After the Roman period, the Franks settled in the area. Albert Steeger discovered two cemeteries in 1937 ("Gellep-West" and the southern "Gellep-East") with Roman and Frankish graves. Gellep-West is the smaller and older of the two early medieval burial sites and is directly adjacent to the large Roman military cemetery.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pirling |first1=Renate |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yg5XFaH6h7gC |title=Die Funde aus den römischen Gräbern von Krefeld-Gellep: Katalog der Gräber 6348-6361 |last2=Siepen |first2=Margareta |date=2006 |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |others=Germanische Denkmäler der Völkerwanderungszeit Serie B Band 20. Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2006 (including references to extensive earlier literature) |isbn=978-3-515-08891-6 |language=de}}</ref> The cemetery was in use until the early 8th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Siegmund |first=Frank |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_zloAAAAMAAJ |title=Merowingerzeit am Niederrhein: die frühmittelalterlichen Funde aus dem Regierungsbezirk Düsseldorf und dem Kreis Heinsberg |date=1998 |publisher=Rheinland-Verlag |isbn=978-3-7927-1247-4 |pages=299 |language=de}}</ref> The nearby Gellep-East cemetery, though distinctly separate, dates back to around 535 AD, with a "prince's grave field" containing the grave of the Frankish prince ], who was buried with rich gold jewelry and a golden ]. The settlement in Gellep likely continued in the fort, used by the Franks, as indicated by the discovery of a Frankish pottery kiln and a coin find.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pirling |first=Renate |date=1960 |title=Ein fränkischer Töpferofen aus Krefeld-Gellep |url=https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/germania/article/view/41728 |journal=Germania |
In the southeast of present-day Krefeld, there are two ancient settlement cores. The one closer to the Rhine is Gelduba/Gellep. Here, the Romans built the fort Gelduba in the late 1st century AD near an ]. Imperial troops used the fort until at least the middle of the 5th century AD.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=REICHMANN |first=C |date=1987 |title=Die spätantiken Befestigungen von Krefeld-Gellep |url=https://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=11999163 |journal=Die spätantiken Befestigungen von Krefeld-Gellep |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=507–521 |issn=0342-734X}}</ref> After the Roman period, the Franks settled in the area. Albert Steeger discovered two cemeteries in 1937 ("Gellep-West" and the southern "Gellep-East") with Roman and Frankish graves. Gellep-West is the smaller and older of the two early medieval burial sites and is directly adjacent to the large Roman military cemetery.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Pirling |first1=Renate |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Yg5XFaH6h7gC |title=Die Funde aus den römischen Gräbern von Krefeld-Gellep: Katalog der Gräber 6348-6361 |last2=Siepen |first2=Margareta |date=2006 |publisher=Franz Steiner Verlag |others=Germanische Denkmäler der Völkerwanderungszeit Serie B Band 20. Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2006 (including references to extensive earlier literature) |isbn=978-3-515-08891-6 |language=de}}</ref> The cemetery was in use until the early 8th century.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Siegmund |first=Frank |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_zloAAAAMAAJ |title=Merowingerzeit am Niederrhein: die frühmittelalterlichen Funde aus dem Regierungsbezirk Düsseldorf und dem Kreis Heinsberg |date=1998 |publisher=Rheinland-Verlag |isbn=978-3-7927-1247-4 |pages=299 |language=de}}</ref> The nearby Gellep-East cemetery, though distinctly separate, dates back to around 535 AD, with a "prince's grave field" containing the grave of the Frankish prince ], who was buried with rich gold jewelry and a golden ]. The settlement in Gellep likely continued in the fort, used by the Franks, as indicated by the discovery of a Frankish pottery kiln and a coin find.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pirling |first=Renate |date=1960 |title=Ein fränkischer Töpferofen aus Krefeld-Gellep |url=https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/germania/article/view/41728 |journal=Germania: Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts |volume=Bd. 38 |language=de |pages=149–154 |doi=10.11588/ger.1960.41728 |issn=2364-6004}}</ref><ref>Volker Zedelius: ''Ein neuer Sceatta vom „Maastricht“-Typ aus dem Rheinland. Ausgrabungen im Rheinland `79/80''. pp. 159–160.</ref> After the ], this settlement in Gellep declined, although the current village part of Gellep has existed since the Middle Ages, with buildings and farms established on the former fort site and its vicinity. | ||
| === Stratum === | === Stratum === | ||
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| {{Authority control}} | {{Authority control}} | ||
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| ] | ] | ||
| ⚫ | {{improve categories|date=December 2024}} | ||
Latest revision as of 13:15, 27 December 2024
Stadtteil of Krefeld in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany| Gellep-Stratum | |
|---|---|
| Stadtteil of Krefeld | |
 Rheinhafen | |
| Location of Gellep-Stratum | |
  Gellep-Stratum Show map of Germany Gellep-Stratum Show map of North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Coordinates: 51°19′40″N 6°40′16″E / 51.32778°N 6.67111°E / 51.32778; 6.67111 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | North Rhine-Westphalia |
| Admin. region | Düsseldorf |
| District | Urban district |
| City | Krefeld |
| Area | |
| • Total | 8.89 km (3.43 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 2,485 |
| • Density | 280/km (720/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Vehicle registration | KR |
Gellep-Stratum is the southeasternmost district of Krefeld. The population is 2,485 (as of December 31, 2021). Until its incorporation into the city of Krefeld in 1929, Gellep-Stratum was a municipality in the Amt Lank of the Krefeld district.
Archaeology and history
Gelduba / Gellep
In the southeast of present-day Krefeld, there are two ancient settlement cores. The one closer to the Rhine is Gelduba/Gellep. Here, the Romans built the fort Gelduba in the late 1st century AD near an Ubian village. Imperial troops used the fort until at least the middle of the 5th century AD. After the Roman period, the Franks settled in the area. Albert Steeger discovered two cemeteries in 1937 ("Gellep-West" and the southern "Gellep-East") with Roman and Frankish graves. Gellep-West is the smaller and older of the two early medieval burial sites and is directly adjacent to the large Roman military cemetery. The cemetery was in use until the early 8th century. The nearby Gellep-East cemetery, though distinctly separate, dates back to around 535 AD, with a "prince's grave field" containing the grave of the Frankish prince Arpvar, who was buried with rich gold jewelry and a golden Spangenhelm. The settlement in Gellep likely continued in the fort, used by the Franks, as indicated by the discovery of a Frankish pottery kiln and a coin find. After the Merovingians, this settlement in Gellep declined, although the current village part of Gellep has existed since the Middle Ages, with buildings and farms established on the former fort site and its vicinity.
Stratum
West of Gelduba lay another early medieval settlement, whose medieval successor is the present-day Stratum. Here, Albert Steeger discovered and excavated an early medieval cemetery, with about 200 known graves. Notably, the cemetery contains cremation graves and north–south oriented burials, which were unusual for the region. In 1979/80, parts of the associated settlement were excavated in the field "Puppenburg".
Finds from Gellep and Stratum are now on display at the Lower Rhine Landscape Museum in the Burg Linn Museum Center.
Middle Ages
In 904 and 910, Gellep appears in documents from the Kaiserswerth Abbey. Stratum is first mentioned in 1230 as Stratheim.
From 1392 to 1794, Gellep and Stratum belonged to the Electoral Cologne Amt Linn.
Modern Era
In 1906, the Krefeld Rhine port was built and put into operation in Linn. The later expansion of the port now extends to Gellep, where today the turning basin of the port covers large parts of the former Roman village (vicus) and the Roman/Frankish cemetery.
References
- "Bevölkerungszahlen Krefeld insgesamt 2014 - 2023" (PDF). www.krefeld.de.
- REICHMANN, C (1987). "Die spätantiken Befestigungen von Krefeld-Gellep". Die spätantiken Befestigungen von Krefeld-Gellep. 17 (4): 507–521. ISSN 0342-734X.
- Pirling, Renate; Siepen, Margareta (2006). Die Funde aus den römischen Gräbern von Krefeld-Gellep: Katalog der Gräber 6348-6361 (in German). Germanische Denkmäler der Völkerwanderungszeit Serie B Band 20. Franz Steiner, Stuttgart 2006 (including references to extensive earlier literature). Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 978-3-515-08891-6.
- Siegmund, Frank (1998). Merowingerzeit am Niederrhein: die frühmittelalterlichen Funde aus dem Regierungsbezirk Düsseldorf und dem Kreis Heinsberg (in German). Rheinland-Verlag. p. 299. ISBN 978-3-7927-1247-4.
- Pirling, Renate (1960). "Ein fränkischer Töpferofen aus Krefeld-Gellep". Germania: Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts (in German). Bd. 38: 149–154. doi:10.11588/ger.1960.41728. ISSN 2364-6004.
- Volker Zedelius: Ein neuer Sceatta vom „Maastricht“-Typ aus dem Rheinland. Ausgrabungen im Rheinland `79/80. pp. 159–160.
- Siegmund, Frank (1998). Merowingerzeit am Niederrhein: die frühmittelalterlichen Funde aus dem Regierungsbezirk Düsseldorf und dem Kreis Heinsberg (in German). Rheinland-Verlag. p. 429. ISBN 978-3-7927-1247-4.
- Jochen Giesler, in: Ausgrabungen im Rheinland '79/80, Bonn 1981, p. 155.
- Kelleter, Heinrich, ed. (1904). Urkundenbuch des Stiftes Kaiserswerth. Urkundenbücher der geistlichen Stiftungen des Niederrheins. Bonn: P. Hanstein. p. 56.
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