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| The '''Battle of Padang Area''' (Indonesian: ''Pertempuran Padang Area'') was a fierce engagement between Indonesian and Allied troops in ], ]. The Allied forces |
The '''Battle of Padang Area''' (Indonesian: ''Pertempuran Padang Area'') was a fierce engagement between Indonesian forces and Allied troops in ], ]. The conflict began when Allied forces initiated clashes and looted several Indonesian headquarters in the city. In response, Indonesian forces launched counterattacks in Padang, leading to a series of skirmishes throughout the area. | ||
| {{Infobox military conflict | {{Infobox military conflict | ||
| | conflict = Battle of Padang Area (1945–1946) | | conflict = Battle of Padang Area (1945–1946) | ||
| | place = ], ] | | place = ], ] | ||
| | territory = Allied occupied zone |
| territory = Allied occupied zone recaptured by Indonesian forces | ||
| | result = {{ubl|Indonesian victory}} | | result = {{ubl|Indonesian victory}} | ||
| * Allied headquarter in Padang |
* Allied headquarter in Padang destroyed and burned down by Indonesian forces | ||
| * Allied gunpowder magazine |
* Allied gunpowder magazine looted | ||
| | combatant1 = {{flag|Indonesia}} | | combatant1 = {{flag|Indonesia}} | ||
| | combatant2 = {{flag|United Kingdom}}<br>{{flag|Netherlands}} | | combatant2 = {{flag|United Kingdom}}<br>{{flag|Netherlands}} | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
| | strength2 = Unknown | | strength2 = Unknown | ||
| | casualties1 = 20 killed | | casualties1 = 20 killed | ||
| | casualties2 = 100 killed <br>Many headquarters |
| casualties2 = 100 killed <br>Many headquarters destroyed | ||
| | units1 = Banteng Division IX Command | | units1 = Banteng Division IX Command | ||
| | units2 = ] | | units2 = ] | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
| == Background == | == Background == | ||
| On 13 October 1945, the Allied forces (British–Dutch troops) landed in Gulf of Bayur, ]. The regiment was under the command of |
On 13 October 1945, the Allied forces (British–Dutch troops) landed in the Gulf of Bayur, ]. The regiment was under the command of Brigadier General Hutchinson. | ||
| On 15 October 1945, Hutchinson met the Indonesian government in Padang. They |
On 15 October 1945, Hutchinson met with the Indonesian government in Padang. They discussed using the Padang Resident's building as their headquarters. The Indonesian government agreed to the proposal. However, once the Allied forces entered the building, they looted numerous government documents.<ref name="b">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-14 |title=Pertempuran Padang Area (1946) |url=https://abhiseva.id/pertempuran-padang-area-1946/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=abisheva.id |language=Indonesia}}</ref> | ||
| == Battle and Skirmishes == | == Battle and Skirmishes == | ||
| On 15 November 1945, |
On 15 November 1945, British forces looted and stole government documents from the Resident's building in Padang. In response, the Indonesian forces deployed 500 troops to the area. The troops disguised themselves as employees of the Resident's office to carry out their operation.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-19 |title=TUGU PERTEMPURAN PERTAMA/ PERISTIWA PENYERANGAN RIMBO KALUANG |url=https://dispusip.padang.go.id/subriwayat/padang/22 |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=dispusip.padang.go.id}}</ref> | ||
| ==== Assault on Simpang Haru School (1945) ==== | ==== Assault on Simpang Haru School (1945) ==== | ||
| On 27 November 1945, |
On 27 November 1945, KNIL soldiers entered Simpang Haru School while teachers and students were in the middle of their lessons. The soldiers disrupted the school, throwing various items they found. The headmaster, ], was displeased with their actions and confronted them, asking what they needed. Determined to resolve the issue, Said went to their headquarters to discuss matters with the commander. However, the soldiers brutally assaulted him, leaving him incapacitated. Shortly afterward, some police officers arrived at the enemy headquarters and took Said to their office.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Mestika Zed |first= |url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=FmKYYgEACAAJ&dq=sejarah+perjuangan+mestika+zed&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjKs_TFjcfsAhXFF3IKHdXVAhcQ6AEwAHoECAQQAQ |title=Sejarah perjuangan kemerdekaan 1945-1949 di Kota Padang dan sekitarnya |last2=Amri |first2=Emizal |last3=Edmihardi |date=2002 |publisher=Yayasan Citra Budaya Indonesia |isbn=978-979-95830-5-5 |location= |pages=191-194 |language=id |url-status=live}}</ref> | ||
| That night, the most intense armed confrontation took place when a group of youths, led by ], launched an assault on the engineering school building occupied by Allied forces. The attack resulted in heavy casualties among the KNIL troops. However, in retaliation, Dutch forces captured the youth fighters, including their commander, Rasyid Boneng. They then burned down the village in Simpang Haru as an act of reprisal.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Rosihan Anwar|first=|date=2004|url=https://books.google.co.id/books?id=Ew-3prmwsvgC&pg=PA180&dq=insiden+simpang+haru&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi3-OTomsfsAhVa7HMBHdsGBsAQ6AEwAHoECAEQAg#v=onepage&q=insiden%20simpang%20haru&f=false|title=Sejarah kecil "petite histoire" Indonesia|location=|publisher=Penerbit Buku Kompas|isbn=978-979-709-532-1|pages=180|volume=4|language=id|url-status=live}}</ref> | |||
| ==== |
==== Skirmish at Sungai Barameh (1945) ==== | ||
| On 5 December 1945, Major Anderson launched skirmishes in Sungai Barameh following the deaths of several Allied officers at the hands of Indonesian fighters. The attacks targeted three villages around Sungai Barameh, resulting in the deaths of 12 civilians and 10 soldiers at their headquarters.<ref name="b">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-14 |title=Pertempuran Padang Area (1946) |url=https://abhiseva.id/pertempuran-padang-area-1946/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=abisheva.id |language=Indonesia}}</ref> | |||
| ====Assault on Rimbo Kaluang (1946)==== | ====Assault on Rimbo Kaluang (1946)==== | ||
| On 21 February 1946 Indonesian |
On 21 February 1946, Indonesian fighters under the command of Major ] attacked the British-Dutch headquarters and gunpowder magazine in Rimbo Kaluang. The attack was successful, as they destroyed the headquarters and looted the gunpowder magazine.{{Sfn|Revi|2020|p=10}} | ||
| ==== Ambush on Pasar Oesang (1946) ==== | ==== Ambush on Pasar Oesang (1946) ==== | ||
| On 16 April 1946 Indonesian |
On 16 April 1946, Indonesian fighters commanded by Kemal Mustafa successfully ambushed an Allied convoy at Pasar Oesang. During the ambush, they captured a variety of weapons, including Sten guns, a truck loaded with firearms, and rifles.{{Sfn|Revi|2020|p=10}} | ||
| ==== Assault on Simpang Haru (1946) ==== | ==== Assault on Simpang Haru (1946) ==== | ||
| From 7 to 9 July 1946, Indonesian fighters under the command of Husein launched an assault on Simpang Haru. On the third day, they launched their largest attack on the British-occupied zone, forcing the Allied forces to retreat. During the offensive, Indonesian fighters captured a significant number of Allied weapons.<ref name="b">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-14 |title=Pertempuran Padang Area (1946) |url=https://abhiseva.id/pertempuran-padang-area-1946/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=abisheva.id |language=Indonesia}}</ref> | |||
| ====Battle of the Bayur (1946)==== | ====Battle of the Bayur (1946)==== | ||
| On 27 August 1946, |
On 27 August 1946, Indonesian forces launched an attack on the Gulf of Bayur, the Allied landing site in Padang. They successfully stormed the British positions, but the Allies launched a counterattack. However, the counteroffensive was repelled by the Indonesian forces, who held their ground.<ref name="b">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-14 |title=Pertempuran Padang Area (1946) |url=https://abhiseva.id/pertempuran-padang-area-1946/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=abisheva.id |language=Indonesia}}</ref> | ||
| == Aftermath == | == Aftermath == | ||
| ⚫ | The British suffered heavy losses, allowing Indonesian fighters to recapture the occupied zone. The British forces withdrew from Padang, leaving the Dutch behind. This victory significantly boosted the morale of the Indonesian forces, strengthening their resolve and increasing their spirit of independence in the ongoing struggle for freedom.<ref name="b2">{{Cite web |date=2024-02-14 |title=Pertempuran Padang Area (1946) |url=https://abhiseva.id/pertempuran-padang-area-1946/ |access-date=2024-12-25 |website=abisheva.id |language=Indonesia}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-11-18 |title=Perang 3 Hari 3 Malam di Padang, Berhenti saat Salat Idulfitri |url=https://www.merdeka.com/histori/perang-3-hari-3-malam-di-padang-berhenti-saat-salat-idulfitri.html |access-date=2024-11-25 |work=merdeka.com}}</ref> | ||
| ⚫ | The British |
||
| == Sources == | == Sources == | ||
| * {{Cite journal |last=Revi |first=Handayani |date=2020 |title=Hizbullah Kuranji di Front Padang Area (1945-1948) |url=https://ejournal.uinbukittinggi.ac.id/index.php/islamt/article/view/4275/1910 |journal=UIN Bukittinggi |volume=3 |issue=3}} | * {{Cite journal |last=Revi |first=Handayani |date=2020 |title=Hizbullah Kuranji di Front Padang Area (1945-1948) |url=https://ejournal.uinbukittinggi.ac.id/index.php/islamt/article/view/4275/1910 |journal=UIN Bukittinggi |volume=3 |issue=3}} | ||
Revision as of 18:11, 25 December 2024
The Battle of Padang Area (Indonesian: Pertempuran Padang Area) was a fierce engagement between Indonesian forces and Allied troops in Padang, West Sumatra. The conflict began when Allied forces initiated clashes and looted several Indonesian headquarters in the city. In response, Indonesian forces launched counterattacks in Padang, leading to a series of skirmishes throughout the area.
| Battle of Padang Area (1945–1946) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Indonesian National Revolution | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Indonesia |
 United Kingdom Netherlands | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Ahmad Husein | Major Andreson | ||||||||
| Units involved | |||||||||
| Banteng Division IX Command | KNIL | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| 20 killed |
100 killed Many headquarters destroyed | ||||||||
| 12 civilians killed | |||||||||
Background
On 13 October 1945, the Allied forces (British–Dutch troops) landed in the Gulf of Bayur, Padang. The regiment was under the command of Brigadier General Hutchinson.
On 15 October 1945, Hutchinson met with the Indonesian government in Padang. They discussed using the Padang Resident's building as their headquarters. The Indonesian government agreed to the proposal. However, once the Allied forces entered the building, they looted numerous government documents.
Battle and Skirmishes
On 15 November 1945, British forces looted and stole government documents from the Resident's building in Padang. In response, the Indonesian forces deployed 500 troops to the area. The troops disguised themselves as employees of the Resident's office to carry out their operation.
Assault on Simpang Haru School (1945)
On 27 November 1945, KNIL soldiers entered Simpang Haru School while teachers and students were in the middle of their lessons. The soldiers disrupted the school, throwing various items they found. The headmaster, Said Rasjad, was displeased with their actions and confronted them, asking what they needed. Determined to resolve the issue, Said went to their headquarters to discuss matters with the commander. However, the soldiers brutally assaulted him, leaving him incapacitated. Shortly afterward, some police officers arrived at the enemy headquarters and took Said to their office.
That night, the most intense armed confrontation took place when a group of youths, led by Rasyid Boneng, launched an assault on the engineering school building occupied by Allied forces. The attack resulted in heavy casualties among the KNIL troops. However, in retaliation, Dutch forces captured the youth fighters, including their commander, Rasyid Boneng. They then burned down the village in Simpang Haru as an act of reprisal.
Skirmish at Sungai Barameh (1945)
On 5 December 1945, Major Anderson launched skirmishes in Sungai Barameh following the deaths of several Allied officers at the hands of Indonesian fighters. The attacks targeted three villages around Sungai Barameh, resulting in the deaths of 12 civilians and 10 soldiers at their headquarters.
Assault on Rimbo Kaluang (1946)
On 21 February 1946, Indonesian fighters under the command of Major Ahmad Husein attacked the British-Dutch headquarters and gunpowder magazine in Rimbo Kaluang. The attack was successful, as they destroyed the headquarters and looted the gunpowder magazine.
Ambush on Pasar Oesang (1946)
On 16 April 1946, Indonesian fighters commanded by Kemal Mustafa successfully ambushed an Allied convoy at Pasar Oesang. During the ambush, they captured a variety of weapons, including Sten guns, a truck loaded with firearms, and rifles.
Assault on Simpang Haru (1946)
From 7 to 9 July 1946, Indonesian fighters under the command of Husein launched an assault on Simpang Haru. On the third day, they launched their largest attack on the British-occupied zone, forcing the Allied forces to retreat. During the offensive, Indonesian fighters captured a significant number of Allied weapons.
Battle of the Bayur (1946)
On 27 August 1946, Indonesian forces launched an attack on the Gulf of Bayur, the Allied landing site in Padang. They successfully stormed the British positions, but the Allies launched a counterattack. However, the counteroffensive was repelled by the Indonesian forces, who held their ground.
Aftermath
The British suffered heavy losses, allowing Indonesian fighters to recapture the occupied zone. The British forces withdrew from Padang, leaving the Dutch behind. This victory significantly boosted the morale of the Indonesian forces, strengthening their resolve and increasing their spirit of independence in the ongoing struggle for freedom.
Sources
- Revi, Handayani (2020). "Hizbullah Kuranji di Front Padang Area (1945-1948)". UIN Bukittinggi. 3 (3).
References
- ^ "Pertempuran Padang Area (1946)". abisheva.id (in Indonesia). 2024-02-14. Retrieved 2024-12-25.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - "TUGU PERTEMPURAN PERTAMA/ PERISTIWA PENYERANGAN RIMBO KALUANG". dispusip.padang.go.id. 2024-01-19. Retrieved 2024-12-25.
- Mestika Zed; Amri, Emizal; Edmihardi (2002). Sejarah perjuangan kemerdekaan 1945-1949 di Kota Padang dan sekitarnya (in Indonesian). Yayasan Citra Budaya Indonesia. pp. 191–194. ISBN 978-979-95830-5-5.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - Rosihan Anwar (2004). Sejarah kecil "petite histoire" Indonesia (in Indonesian). Vol. 4. Penerbit Buku Kompas. p. 180. ISBN 978-979-709-532-1.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ Revi 2020, p. 10.
- "Pertempuran Padang Area (1946)". abisheva.id (in Indonesia). 2024-02-14. Retrieved 2024-12-25.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - "Perang 3 Hari 3 Malam di Padang, Berhenti saat Salat Idulfitri". merdeka.com. 2022-11-18. Retrieved 2024-11-25.