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| '''Julius Martialis''' († ] ]) was the assassin of Emperor ]. | '''Julius Martialis''' († ] ]) was the assassin of Emperor ]. | ||
| Three men were involved in the attack: the '']'' Julius Martialis, who hated the emperor as a result of a ], and two ]. During the ], on the road from Edessa to ], the emperor wanted to visit the famous sanctuary of the moon god ] .<ref>see about Caracalla's planned visit to the shrine {{aut|Frank Kolb}}: ''Literarische Beziehungen zwischen Cassius Dio, Herodian und der Historia Augusta'', Bonn 1972, pp. 123ff.</ref> When Caracalla got off his horse on the way to relieve himself , Martialis approached him, seemingly wanting to say something to him. Instead he stabbed him in the back. A Scythian bodyguard of Caracalla killed the fleeing assassin with his lance. The two Praetorian tribunes rushed to the emperor, as if to help him, and completed the assassination.<ref>Dio Cassius 79 (78),5,2-5. See, Herodian and 4.13 ''Historia Augusta'', Caracalla 6.6-7.2. See also {{aut|Michael Louis Meckler}}: ''Caracalla and his late-antique biographer'', Ann Arbor, 1994, pp. 152-156.</ref> With Caracalla the ] died in male line. | Three men were involved in the attack: the '']'' Julius Martialis, who hated the emperor as a result of a ], and two ]. During the ], on the road from Edessa to ], the emperor wanted to visit the famous sanctuary of the moon god ] .<ref>see about Caracalla's planned visit to the shrine {{aut|Frank Kolb}}: ''Literarische Beziehungen zwischen Cassius Dio, Herodian und der Historia Augusta'', Bonn 1972, pp. 123ff.</ref> When Caracalla got off his horse on the way to relieve himself , Martialis approached him, seemingly wanting to say something to him. Instead he stabbed him in the back. A Scythian bodyguard of Caracalla killed the fleeing assassin with his lance. The two Praetorian tribunes rushed to the emperor, as if to help him, and completed the assassination.<ref>Dio Cassius 79 (78),5,2-5. See, Herodian and 4.13 ''Historia Augusta'', Caracalla 6.6-7.2. See also {{aut|Michael Louis Meckler}}: ''Caracalla and his late-antique biographer'', Ann Arbor, 1994, pp. 152-156.</ref> With Caracalla the ] died in male line. | ||
| == References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 16:30, 28 December 2024
Julius Martialis († 8 April 217) was the assassin of Emperor Caracalla.
Three men were involved in the attack: the evocatus Julius Martialis, who hated the emperor as a result of a demotion, and two praetorian tribunes. During the Roman-Parthian War (216-217), on the road from Edessa to Carrhae, the emperor wanted to visit the famous sanctuary of the moon god Sin . When Caracalla got off his horse on the way to relieve himself , Martialis approached him, seemingly wanting to say something to him. Instead he stabbed him in the back. A Scythian bodyguard of Caracalla killed the fleeing assassin with his lance. The two Praetorian tribunes rushed to the emperor, as if to help him, and completed the assassination. With Caracalla the Severan dynasty died in male line.
References
Citations
- see about Caracalla's planned visit to the shrine Frank Kolb: Literarische Beziehungen zwischen Cassius Dio, Herodian und der Historia Augusta, Bonn 1972, pp. 123ff.
- Dio Cassius 79 (78),5,2-5. See, Herodian and 4.13 Historia Augusta, Caracalla 6.6-7.2. See also Michael Louis Meckler: Caracalla and his late-antique biographer, Ann Arbor, 1994, pp. 152-156.