| Revision as of 23:34, 2 August 2003 editNixdorf (talk | contribs)Administrators7,370 editsm link← Previous edit | Revision as of 21:36, 12 August 2003 edit undoJay (talk | contribs)Administrators36,235 editsm minor editsNext edit → | ||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| '''Landmark Education''' Limited Liability Company (LELLC), formerly known from about 1991 to 2002 as Landmark Education Corporation (LEC), lineal descendant of Werner Erhard and Associates (]) and of "est" or ], might characterise itself as a |
'''Landmark Education''' Limited Liability Company (LELLC), formerly known from about 1991 to 2002 as Landmark Education Corporation (LEC), lineal descendant of Werner Erhard and Associates (]) and of "est" or ], might characterise itself as a ] selling ] or a business selling ] distinctions. | ||
| Others have categorised it as an ] and attributed it with ] or |
Others have categorised it as an ] and attributed it with ] or ]-like characteristics, mentioning words like ], ], ] or "biz-cult". (See ) | ||
| '''Methodology''' | '''Methodology''' | ||
| Landmark, an international employee-owned ] |
Landmark, an international employee-owned ] having offices throughout North America and in several other Western-oriented countries (Kenya, for example) on other continents, promotes the "work" and "technology" of ], though without stressing his name, his ideological forebears (people have cited ], ], ] and ]) or his sometimes ] reputation. It recruits ("enrols") seminar participants ("guests") by word of mouth to attend a Landmark Forum, encourages them to "transform" their attitudes ("]") and "enrol" themselves into the "possibility" of more (and more) seminars in the future, "enrolling" their family members, friends and acquaintances in the meantime. Instances of the Landmark "Forum" have taken place in Japan, Israel, India, Mexico, Romania, Jamaica, South Africa and the Philippines, among other countries. | ||
| Japan, Israel, India, Mexico, Romania, Jamaica, South Africa and the Philippines, among other countries. | |||
| Many participants become volunteer unpaid workers ("assistants") for the corporation, a status the ] has deemed equivalent to that of employees, with rights to remuneration and benefits. If successful in "enrollment", |
Many participants become volunteer unpaid workers ("assistants") for the corporation, a status the ] has deemed equivalent to that of employees, with rights to remuneration and benefits. If successful in "enrollment", assistants may join the small ] "on staff". | ||
| '''Stated Attitudes''' | '''Stated Attitudes''' | ||
| Landmark presents itself as "not therapy" and opposes ] (an attitude shared with or inherited from ]). |
Landmark presents itself as "not therapy" and opposes ] (an attitude shared with or inherited from ]). However some participants suggest that some of its practices ("exercises") resemble ]. | ||
| Landmark forestalls some potential criticism by setting up ("creating") an atmosphere of trust and by disparaging ]ed questioning as "]". | Landmark forestalls some potential criticism by setting up ("creating") an atmosphere of trust and by disparaging ]ed questioning as "]". | ||
| At one time Landmark touted its |
At one time Landmark touted its new methods of ] as ] ]. More recent changes in ] have seen it associate its work with the concept of ]. | ||
| '''Reactions''' | '''Reactions''' | ||
| As the previous paragraphs may have indicated, Landmark ] may seem pervasive and confusing. Some participants' confusion/enthusiasm has allegedly led to ] issues and legal action. ( |
As the previous paragraphs may have indicated, Landmark ] may seem pervasive and confusing. Some participants' confusion/enthusiasm has allegedly led to ] issues and legal action. (Refer the book by Martin Lell, ''Das Forum: Protokoll einer Gehirnwäsche: Der Psycho-Konzern Landmark Education'', Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich, 1997, ISBN 3423360216) Most "graduates" of Landmark programs express quasi-religious "commitment" to "the work", at least initially. | ||
| '''Evaluations''' | '''Evaluations''' | ||
| A study commissioned by WEA suggests that attending a Landmark |
A study commissioned by ] suggests that attending a Landmark Forum has minimal lasting effect on one's self-perception. (Refer J.D. Fisher, R. C. Silver, J. M. Chinsky, B. Goff and Y. Klar ''Evaluating a Large Group Awareness Training: A Longitudinal Study of Psychosocial Effects'' Springer-Verlag, 1990, ISBN 0387973206) | ||
| ''Evaluating a large group awareness training: A longitudinal study of | |||
| psychosocial effects (Recent Research in Psychology)'' (Springer-Verlag, 1990), ISBN 0387973206. | |||
| Academic, peer-reviewed long-term studies of effects of attendance do not appear to exist. | Academic, peer-reviewed long-term studies of effects of attendance do not appear to exist. | ||
| Line 33: | Line 30: | ||
| *Harry Rosenberg, brother to Werner Erhard, heads Landmark Education. | *Harry Rosenberg, brother to Werner Erhard, heads Landmark Education. | ||
| *Art Schreiber functions in the important role of legal representative: Landmark has issued legal threats against media purveying |
*Art Schreiber functions in the important role of legal representative: Landmark has issued legal threats against media purveying negative publicity. | ||
| *Charlene Afremow has conducted courses from the earliest |
*Charlene Afremow has conducted courses from the earliest appearances of Werner Erhard in "trainings" activity. | ||
| ==External links== | ==External links== | ||
| * |
* | ||
| ⚫ | * | ||
| ⚫ | * | ||
| ⚫ | * |
||
| ⚫ | * | ||
| ⚫ | * |
||
| ⚫ | * |
||
Revision as of 21:36, 12 August 2003
Landmark Education Limited Liability Company (LELLC), formerly known from about 1991 to 2002 as Landmark Education Corporation (LEC), lineal descendant of Werner Erhard and Associates (WEA) and of "est" or Erhard Seminars Training, might characterise itself as a business selling transformation or a business selling ontological distinctions.
Others have categorised it as an large group awareness training and attributed it with multi-level marketing or cult-like characteristics, mentioning words like brainwashing, hypnotism, parasitism or "biz-cult". (See http://home.swbell.net/danchase/forum.htm )
Methodology
Landmark, an international employee-owned corporation having offices throughout North America and in several other Western-oriented countries (Kenya, for example) on other continents, promotes the "work" and "technology" of Werner Erhard, though without stressing his name, his ideological forebears (people have cited Heidegger, Scientology, Fernando Flores and Zen) or his sometimes controversial reputation. It recruits ("enrols") seminar participants ("guests") by word of mouth to attend a Landmark Forum, encourages them to "transform" their attitudes ("lives") and "enrol" themselves into the "possibility" of more (and more) seminars in the future, "enrolling" their family members, friends and acquaintances in the meantime. Instances of the Landmark "Forum" have taken place in Japan, Israel, India, Mexico, Romania, Jamaica, South Africa and the Philippines, among other countries.
Many participants become volunteer unpaid workers ("assistants") for the corporation, a status the United States Department of Labor has deemed equivalent to that of employees, with rights to remuneration and benefits. If successful in "enrollment", assistants may join the small elite "on staff".
Stated Attitudes
Landmark presents itself as "not therapy" and opposes psychoanalysis (an attitude shared with or inherited from Scientology). However some participants suggest that some of its practices ("exercises") resemble psychotherapy.
Landmark forestalls some potential criticism by setting up ("creating") an atmosphere of trust and by disparaging reasoned questioning as " cynical".
At one time Landmark touted its new methods of training as non-linear learning. More recent changes in fashion have seen it associate its work with the concept of emotional intelligence.
Reactions
As the previous paragraphs may have indicated, Landmark jargon may seem pervasive and confusing. Some participants' confusion/enthusiasm has allegedly led to mental illness issues and legal action. (Refer the book by Martin Lell, Das Forum: Protokoll einer Gehirnwäsche: Der Psycho-Konzern Landmark Education, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag, Munich, 1997, ISBN 3423360216) Most "graduates" of Landmark programs express quasi-religious "commitment" to "the work", at least initially.
Evaluations
A study commissioned by WEA suggests that attending a Landmark Forum has minimal lasting effect on one's self-perception. (Refer J.D. Fisher, R. C. Silver, J. M. Chinsky, B. Goff and Y. Klar Evaluating a Large Group Awareness Training: A Longitudinal Study of Psychosocial Effects Springer-Verlag, 1990, ISBN 0387973206)
Academic, peer-reviewed long-term studies of effects of attendance do not appear to exist.
Prominent Corporate Landmarkians:
- Harry Rosenberg, brother to Werner Erhard, heads Landmark Education.
- Art Schreiber functions in the important role of legal representative: Landmark has issued legal threats against media purveying negative publicity.
- Charlene Afremow has conducted courses from the earliest appearances of Werner Erhard in "trainings" activity.