Yoga and Buddhism: Difference between revisions

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	Scholar Emile Senart observed the similarities between the Buddhist and Yoga traditions. The systems share many common philosophical concepts like the nature of samsara, ], the attainment of liberation and the establishment of powers of action and cognition. <ref>Samadhi: The Numinous and Cessative in Indo-Tibetan Yoga By Stuart Ray Sarbacker. ISBN 0791465535. pg 78</ref>]]

	] is intimately connected to the religious beliefs and practices of the ].<ref>The Yoga Tradition: its history, literature, philosophy and practice By Georg Feuerstein. ISBN 8120819233. pg 111</ref> The strong influence of Yoga can also be seen in ], which is notable for its austerities, spiritual exercises, and trance states.<ref> Exact Quote : "The strong influence of Yoga can also be seen in Buddhism, which is notable for its austerities, spiritual exercises, and trance states."</ref>

	Many scholars have noted that the concepts ] and ] are common to meditative practices in both ] and Buddhism. The foundation for this assertion is a range of common terminology and common descriptions of meditative states seen as the foundation of meditation practice in both traditions. Most notable in this context is the relationship between the system of four Buddhist ''dhyana'' states (] ''jhana'') and the ''samprajnata samadhi'' states of Classical Yoga.<ref>Samadhi: The Numinous and Cessative in Indo-Tibetan Yoga By Stuart Ray Sarbacker. ISBN 0791465535. pg 77</ref>

	====Yogacara Buddhism====
	[[Image:Asanga.JPG\|thumb\|220px\|
	According to tradition, ] received the teachings of the Yogacara school directly from the future Buddha ]. Asanga endeavored to fortify the practice of Yoga.<ref>The Yoga Tradition: its history, literature, philosophy and practice By Georg Feuerstein. ISBN 8120819233. pg 229</ref>]]] (Sanskrit: "Practice of Yoga " <ref></ref> ), also spelled yogāchāra, is an influential school of philosophy and psychology that developed in ]n ] ] starting sometime in the fourth to fifth centuries C.E.

	Yogacara doctrine received that name because it provided a ''yoga'', a comprehensive framework for engaging in the practices that lead to the goal of the ] path.<ref>Dan Lusthaus. Buddhist Phenomenology: A Philosophical Investigation of Yogacara Buddhism and the Ch'eng Wei-shih Lun. Published 2002 (Routledge). ISBN 0700711864. pg 533</ref> The Yogacara sect uses Yoga in it's attempts to reach enlightenment.<ref name=Simpkins/>

	====Zen Buddhism====
	] is a form of ]. The Mahayana school of Buddhism is noted for its proximity with Yoga.<ref name=Heisig>Zen Buddhism: A History (India and China) By Heinrich Dumoulin, James W. Heisig, Paul F. Knitter (page 22)</ref> In the west, Zen is often set alongside Yoga, the two schools of meditation display obvious family resemblances. <ref> Zen Buddhism: A History (India and China) By Heinrich Dumoulin, James W. Heisig, Paul F. Knitter (Page xviii) </ref> Zen Buddhism traces some of its roots to yogic practices. <ref>Zen Buddhism: A History (India and China) By Heinrich Dumoulin, James W. Heisig, Paul F. Knitter (page 13).
	Translated by James W. Heisig, Paul F. Knitter. Contributor John McRae. Published 2005 World Wisdom. 387 pages. ISBN 0941532895 </ref> Certain essential elements of Yoga are important both for Buddhism in general and for Zen in particular. <ref>Zen Buddhism: A History (India and China) By Heinrich Dumoulin, James W. Heisig, Paul F. Knitter (page 13).
	Translated by James W. Heisig, Paul F. Knitter. Contributor John McRae. Published 2005 World Wisdom. 387 pages. ISBN 0941532895</ref>

	====Tibetan Buddhism====
	Yoga was introduced to ] from India.<ref name=Geshe>The Tibetan Book of Yoga: Ancient Buddhist Teachings on the Philosophy and Practice of Yoga by Geshe Michael Roach (Author). Publisher: Doubleday; 1st edition (January 6, 2004)</ref>
	]. Tibetan Heart Yoga is a part of the ] tradition of the ]s of Tibet.<ref name=Geshe/>]]Yoga is central to ]. In the ] tradition, practicioners progress to increasingly profound levels of yoga, starting with ], continuing to ] and ultimately undertaking the highest practice, ]. In the ] traditions, the ] class is equivalent. Other tantra yoga practices include a system of 108 bodily postures practiced with breath and heart rhythm timing in movement exercises is known as ] or union of moon and sun (channel) prajna energies, and the body postures of Tibetan ancient yogis are depicted on the walls of the Dalai Lama's summer temple of ].

	Tibetan Buddhist doctrines unite a seemingly diverse group of practices as as to offer a variety of ways to truth and enlightenment. These practices involve the use of ] and yoga. Yoga used as a way to enhance concentration.<ref name=Simpkins>Simple Tibetan Buddhism: A Guide to Tantric Living By C. Alexander Simpkins, Annellen M. Simpkins. Published 2001. Tuttle Publishing. ISBN 0804831998</ref>

	]'s ] philosophy and Yogacara's Mind-Only philosophy are used in Tibetian Buddhism as bases for Yoga practices. Focused meditation clears the mind of unenlightened concepts.<ref name=Simpkins/>

	In the 13th and the 14th centuries, the Tibetan developed a four fold classification system for ] texts based on the types of practices each contained, especially their relative emphasis on external ritual or internal yoga. The first two classes, the so-called lower tantras, are called the ] and the Chatya tantras; the two classes of higher tantras are the Yoga and the Anuttara Yoga (Highest Yoga).<ref>The Circle of Bliss: Buddhist Mediational Art By John C. Huntington, Dina Bangdel. Published 2003. Serindia Publications, Inc.ISBN 1932476016. pg 25</ref>

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