Jakov Mikalja: Difference between revisions

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	=== The language of the Dictionary ===		=== The language of the Dictionary ===
		⚫	The Illyrian Language studied by Micaglia was still ] un] and split in different ] and sub-dialects. The mainstream of ]s consider those dialects as part of ], a genetically single language<ref>http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=hbs</ref><ref>http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9027938/Croatian-literature</ref><ref>http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9066822/Serbo-Croatian-language</ref><ref>http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-74891/Slavic-languages</ref><ref>http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0037-6752(196624)1%3A10%3A4%3C453%3ATCOSD%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K</ref>.<br /> Thus, after the breakdown of Yugoslavia, Serbocroatian has split in separated (]) ]s: ], ], ], ]<ref>http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=hrv</ref><ref></ref> (Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian internationally recognized). Their dialects, anyway, overlapped, and do not follow the ethnic divisions<ref></ref>.
	The Illyrian Language studied by Micaglia was still ], un] and splitted in different ] and subdialects.<br />
	Today, the mainstream of linguistics consider those dialects as part of ], a genetically single language<ref>http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=hbs</ref><ref>http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9027938/Croatian-literature</ref><ref>http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9066822/Serbo-Croatian-language</ref><ref>http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-74891/Slavic-languages</ref><ref>http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0037-6752(196624)1%3A10%3A4%3C453%3ATCOSD%3E2.0.CO%3B2-K</ref>.<br />
⚫	Th us, after the breakdown of Yugoslavia, Serbocroatian has ~~splitted~~ in separated (]) ]s: ], ], ], ]<ref>http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=hrv</ref><ref></ref> (Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian internationally recognized). Their dialects, anyway, overlapped, and do not follow the ethnic divisions<ref></ref>.

	~~The~~ Dictionary today is often presented as a "Croatian" dictionary, ~~thought~~ the therm "Serbocroatian" is a better descriptor. In fact Micaglia collected words of different ] ]s, outside the old ] (and mainly in ]), centuries before the standardization of the South Slavic ~~languages~~; for these reasons, the word ''Illyran'' should be referred to all the so called "''] ]''" (or ''] dialects'') and not ~~only~~ to the (still ~~unexisting~~) Croatian language.<br />		Nevertheless the Dictionary today is often presented as a "Croatian" dictionary, even if the therm "Serbocroatian" is a better descriptor. In fact Micaglia collected words of different ] ]s, outside the old ] (and mainly in ]), centuries before the standardization of the ]s; for these reasons, the word ''Illyran'' should be referred to all the so called "''] ]''" (or ''] dialects'') and not just to the (still non existing) ].<br />
	However, from the cultural point of view, Micaglia's work was influenced by earlier work of ] (Fausto Veranzio) and it influenced the circle of ~~Chatolics~~ lexicographers (among them ] (Bartolomeo Cassio) and ])~~, both~~ in Dalmatia, Croatia and Bosnia&Herzegovina. Micaglia himself put equal sign between Illyrian and Croat<ref></ref>. His work is part of the ].		However, from the cultural point of view, Micaglia's work was influenced by earlier work of ] (Fausto Veranzio) and it influenced the circle of Catholic lexicographers (among them ] (Bartolomeo Cassio) and ]) in Dalmatia, Croatia and Bosnia&Herzegovina. Micaglia himself, of course, put equal sign between Illyrian and Croat<ref></ref>, Slavonic and others. His work is part of the ].

	==Works==		==Works==

Revision as of 13:23, 20 November 2007

Giacomo Micaglia
Born	(1601-03-31)March 31, 1601 Peschici, Italy
Died	(1654-12-01)December 1, 1654 Loreto, Italy

Giacomo Micaglia (Template:Lang-la, Template:Lang-sh) (Peschici, March 31, 1601 - Loreto, December 1, 1654) was an Italian Jesuit and linguist of South Slavic origin.

Life

Micaglia was born in Peschici on the peninsula of Gargano, in the Naples ruled Apulia. Peschici was one of the settlements built in South Italy by Balkan people escaping from the Turk invasion. He said about himself to be "an Italian of Slavic language" . After completing the studies in philosophy in 1628, he became a Jesuit.
Because of his knowledge of the South Slavic languages, Micaglia was sent in the Republic of Ragusa by the Society of Jesus. It was the time of the Counter-Reformation and the Catholic Church wished to restore its power also in the Balkans. For four years (1630-1633) Micaglia taught grammar at the Jesuit College in Ragusa. There he wrote a "Latin Grammar for Illyrian Students" after Emanuel Alvares ("De institutione grammatica pro Illyricis accommodata", 1637).
Few years later, in 1636, Micaglia sent a letter to the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith, proposing a reform of the Latin alphabet for the needs of the Illyrian language. He discussed the same issue in the chapter "On Slavic Orthography" of his work in Illyrian "God-Loving Thoughts on the Lord's Prayer Taken from the Books of St Thomas Aquinas, the Angelic Doctor", (Bratislava, 1642).
From 1637 to 1645 he was a missionary among the Catholics in Timişoara in the Banat (present-day Romania). He came back to to Italy, where he was the Illyrian confessor in Loreto, from 1645 till his death.

Dictionary

Micaglia's greatest work is Thesaurus of Illyrian Language and Illyrian Dictionary (where Illyrian words are translated in Italian and Latin). It was first printed in Loreto in 1649, but a better printing press was needed, so it was completed in Ancona in 1651. The dictionary was a project of the Jesuits, as instrument to fight the Protestant Reformation in the Balkans.
It was the first Illyric dictionary, with Illyric as the starting language.
The introduction to the dictionary has a Latin dedication, a note to the reader in Italian (Al benigno lettore), a presentation of the alphabet and orthography in Latin and Illyric "Ortography and Grammar of the Illyric language" ("Od ortographie jezika slovinskoga ili nacina od pisanja"), and an Italian grammar in Illyric (Grammatika Talianska).
Micaglia explains in the foreword that he chosen the "Bosnian" language, because "Everyone says that the Bosnian language is the most beautiful." ("Ogn'un dice che la lingua Bosnese sia la più bella"). The dictionary, intended primarily to teach students and young Jesuits, has around 25,000 words. It belongs to the corpse of dictionaries in Shtokavian dialect, with some Chakavian words, and as limited, even Kaykavian as entry or synonym.

The language of the Dictionary

The Illyrian Language studied by Micaglia was still vernacular unstandardized and split in different dialects and sub-dialects. The mainstream of linguistics consider those dialects as part of Serbo-Croatian, a genetically single language.
Thus, after the breakdown of Yugoslavia, Serbocroatian has split in separated (Ausbausprache) standard languages: Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian, Montenegrin (Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian internationally recognized). Their dialects, anyway, overlapped, and do not follow the ethnic divisions.

Nevertheless the Dictionary today is often presented as a "Croatian" dictionary, even if the therm "Serbocroatian" is a better descriptor. In fact Micaglia collected words of different South Slavic dialects, outside the old Kingdom of Croatia (and mainly in Bosnia), centuries before the standardization of the South Slavic languages; for these reasons, the word Illyran should be referred to all the so called "Central South Slavic diasystem" (or Serbocroatian dialects) and not just to the (still non existing) Croatian language.
However, from the cultural point of view, Micaglia's work was influenced by earlier work of Faust Vrančić (Fausto Veranzio) and it influenced the circle of Catholic lexicographers (among them Kasic (Bartolomeo Cassio) and Divkovic) in Dalmatia, Croatia and Bosnia&Herzegovina. Micaglia himself, of course, put equal sign between Illyrian and Croat, Slavonic and others. His work is part of the development and standardization of Croatian modern language.

Works

Bogoljubno razmiscgljanje od ocenascja Pokupgljeno iz kgniga Svetoga Tomme od Aquina Nauciteglja Anghjelskoga
(God-Loving Thoughts on the Lord's Prayer Taken from the Books of St Thomas Aquinas, the Angelic Doctor, Bratislava, 1642)
Blago jezika slovinskoga ili Slovnik u Komu izgovarajuse rjeci slovinske Latinski, i Diacki. Thesaurus linguae Illyricae sive Dictionarium Illyricum. In quo verba Illyrica Italice, et Latine redduntur, Romae: et sumptibus Sacrae congregationis de propaganda fide impressum, Loreto, apud Paulum et Io. Baptistam Seraphinum, 1649
(Thesaurus of Croatian language or an Croatian Dictionary, where Croatian words are translated in Italian and Latin) (Ancona, 1651).
Printing of the "Blago..." was started by Serafini brothers in Loreto in 1649, and finished by O, Beltrano in Ancona in 1651.

References

External links

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