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{{Infobox MLB retired
|bgcolor1=#dcdcdc
|bgcolor2=#dcdcd|textcolor1=black
|textcolor2=black
|name=Jackie Robinson
|image=Jrobinson.jpg
|position=]
|bats=Right
|throws=Right
|birthdate={{birth date|1919|1|31}}<br/>]
|deathdate={{death date and age|1972|10|24|1919|1|31}}<br/>]
|debutdate=]
|debutyear=]
|debutteam=]
|finaldate=]
|finalyear=]
|finalteam=]
|stat1label=]
|stat1value=.311
|stat2label=]
|stat2value=1518
|stat3label=]
|stat3value=137
|teams=<nowiki></nowiki>
*] (]-])
|highlights=<nowiki></nowiki>
* 6x ] selection (1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954)
* 1947 ]
* 1949 ]
* His uniform number ] was retired by ] in 1997 to honor the 50th anniversary of his first major league game
|hofdate=]
|hofvote=77.5% (first ballot)
}}
'''Jack Roosevelt "Jackie" Robinson''' (], ] – ], ]) became the first ] major league ] player of the modern era in ].<ref name=Rothe>Rothe, p544</ref> While not the first African American professional baseball player in United States history, his Major League debut with the Brooklyn Dodgers ended approximately eighty years of baseball segregation, also known as the ], or color barrier. In the United States at this time, many white people believed that blacks and whites should be segregated or kept apart in many phases of life, including sports and daily life.

The ] inducted Robinson in ] and he was a member of six ] teams. He earned six consecutive ] nominations and won several awards during his career. In 1947, Robinson won ] and the first ]. Two years later, he was awarded the ] ]. In addition to his accomplishments on the field, Jackie Robinson was also a forerunner of the ]. In the 1960s, he was a key figure in the establishment and growth of the Freedom National Bank, an African-American owned and controlled entity based in ], New York. <ref>http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/robinson/jr1957.html</ref> He also wrote a syndicated newspaper column for a number of years, in which he was an outspoken supporter of ] and ].<ref name ="Williams">Williams, Michael W.- Editor. ''An African American Encyclopedia.'' 1993.</ref>

Robinson engaged in political campaigning for a number of politicians, including the Democrat ] and the Republican ].

In recognition of his accomplishments, Robinson was posthumously awarded a ] and the ].<ref name="Williams"/>

On ], ], the 50 year anniversary of his debut, ] retired the number ], the number Robinson wore, in recognition of his accomplishments both on and off the field in a ceremony at Shea Stadium.<ref name=MLB>MLB.com</ref> In ], he was the subject of a film biography, '']'', in which he played himself. He became a political activist in his post-playing days.

In ], Robinson married ]. In ], after Jackie died, Rachel founded the ].

==Early life==
In ], Jackie Robinson, the youngest of five children,<ref name=Bigelow>Bigelow, p225</ref> was born in ] during a ] and ] ].<ref name=Rampersad>Rampersad pp10-11</ref> His middle name was in honor of former President ] <ref></ref> who had died 25 days before Jackie was born. In ], his family who were sharecroppers<ref name=JackieRobinson.com></ref> moved to ]<ref name=Rampersad>Rampersad, pp10-16</ref> after his father abandoned them.<ref name=Robinson>Robinson, p9</ref>

Robinson grew up in relative poverty<ref>Rampersad, p. 23</ref> and even joined a local neighborhood ] in his youth. Eventually, his friend Carl Anderson persuaded Robinson to abandon the gang.<ref>Rampersad, p35</ref>

], 1945]]
In ], Robinson graduated from Dakota Junior High School and enrolled in ] ("Muir Tech").<ref>Rampersad, p36</ref> There he played on various Muir Tech sport teams, and lettered in four of them. He was a ] and ] on the ] team, a ] on the ] team, a ] on the ] team, and a member of the ] team and the ] squad. He won awards in the ].<ref>Rampersad, pp 36-37</ref>

In ], he captured the junior boys singles championship in the annual Pacific Coast Negro Tennis Tournament, starred as ], and earned a place on the annual Pomona baseball tournament all-star team, which included future ] ] ] and ].<ref>Rampersad, p37</ref> The next year, Jackie played for the high school's basketball team. That year, the Pasadena ''Star-News'' newspaper reported on the young Robinson.<ref>Rampersad, pp37-39</ref>

After leaving Muir, Jackie attended ] and played basketball, football, and baseball.<ref>Rampersad, pp40-41</ref> He played quarterback and ] for the football team, shortstop and leadoff batter for the baseball team, and participated in the broad jump.

While at PJC, he was elected to the "Lancers,” a student run police organization responsible for patrolling various school activities.<ref>Rampersad, p47</ref> He dated and made friends. However, on ], ], he was arrested for questionable reasons and sentenced to two years probation.<ref>Rampersad, pp50-53</ref>

In ], he was elected to the All-Southland Junior College (baseball) Team and selected as the region's Most Valuable Player.<ref>Rampersad, p54</ref> On ], ], he played his last basketball game at Pasadena Junior College. Thereupon Robinson was awarded a gold pin and was named to the school's "Order of the Mast and Dagger" (]).”<ref>Rampersad, pp59-61</ref>

After leaving PJC, Robinson chose to attend the nearby ], where became the school's first athlete to win varsity letters in four sports: baseball, basketball, football and track.<ref name=JackieRobinson.com></ref> He was one of four African American players on the 1939 UCLA Bruins football team, the others being ], ] and Ray Bartlett. Washington, Strode, and Robinson starred on the 1939 UCLA Bruins football team, in which they made up three of the four backfield players.<ref>B.J. VIOLETT - . UCLA Today magazine, 1997</ref> This was a rarity to have so many African Americans when only a few dozen at all played on college football teams.<ref></ref> They played eventual conference and national champion USC to a 0-0 tie with the ] on the line. It was the first game in the history of the ] with national implications.

Despite many athletic achievements and having nearly completed the requirements for his degree, he withdrew from the university for financial reasons in 1941.

He then briefly worked as an athletic director for the ] before going to ] that fall to play football for the semi-professional, racially integrated Honolulu Bears. The season was brief, and he returned that December, shortly after the Japanese ] that drew the United States into ].<ref name=Gale_Group></ref> He was drafted the following year.

In 1946, Jackie Robinson came to Daytona Beach, FL for spring training with the Montreal Royals, the Brooklyn Dodgers Triple-A farm club. He was banned from playing in Jacksonville and Sanford, but not in Daytona. He played his first integrated game for a team in Organized Ball on March 17, 1946. His first plate appearance came in an exhibition game against the Royals' parent club, the Brooklyn Dodgers. Robinson then became the first African-American player in the Major Leagues.

==Military career==
From ] to ], Jackie Robinson served as a second lieutenant in the ]. During his training in ] with what would later become the first black tank unit to see combat, the ], Robinson was ordered by a white bus driver to move to the back of the segregated bus, which he refused to do. Robinson was then arrested by ] and transferred to the ] by the base commander, because his white battalion commander rejected the ] charges against Robinson. While the commander of the 758th consented to the ] charges, Robinson was later acquitted by a white military jury. Shortly thereafter, he received an ].<ref name=JackieRobinsonPapers></ref> As such, Robinson never saw combat action during ].

Robinson's actions during his military service not only presaged his breaking of the color line in baseball, but some people may believe that he may also have influenced, however indirectly, President ]’s decision to integrate U.S. Armed forces in ].{{Or|date=September 2007}}

==The Dodgers==
]
{{MLBBioRet
|Image = LAret42.PNG
|Name = Jackie Robinson
|Number = 42
|Team = LA Dodgers
|Year = 1972
}}
In the late 1940s, ] was club president and ] of the ]. The Dodgers began to scout Robinson who had joined the ] ] in 1945 after his discharge from the Army. He played shortstop and had a batting average of .387. Rickey eventually selected him from a list of promising African-American players. Robinson became the first player in fifty-seven years to break the ].

Rickey reminded Robinson that he would face tremendous racial animus, and insisted that he not take the bait and react angrily. Robinson was aghast: "Do you want a player afraid to fight back?" Rickey replied that he needed a Negro player "with the guts not to fight back." Robinson agreed to abide by Rickey's terms for his first year.

In ], the Dodgers assigned Jackie Robinson to the ]. Jackie proceeded to lead the International League in ] with a .349 average, and ] with a .985 percentage.<ref name=Journal>TheJournalofSportsHistory.org</ref> That winter he also married Rachel Isum, his former UCLA classmate.<ref name=Gale_Group></ref> Although the season was emotionally arduous for Robinson with the racist abuse he faced during the team's away games, he also deeply appreciated the enthusiastic support by the Montreal fans who followed his performance with intense interest. Because of Jackie's play in 1946, the Dodgers called him up to play for the major league club in ]. Robinson made his Major League debut on ], ], playing first base when he went 0 for 3 against the ].

Throughout the season, Robinson experienced harassment at the hands of both players and fans. He was verbally abused by both his own teammates and by members of opposing teams. Some Dodger players insinuated they would sit out rather than play alongside Robinson. The brewing mutiny ended when Dodger management took a stand for Robinson. Manager ] informed the team, "I don't care if the guy is yellow or black, or if he has stripes like a fuckin' zebra. I'm the manager of this team, and I say he plays. What's more, I say he can make us all rich. And if any of you can't use the money, I'll see that you are all traded."<ref>Kirwin, 198</ref> When other teams, notably the Cardinals, threatened to strike if Robinson played, NL President ] let it be known that they would be suspended.<ref>Eig, 95</ref>

On ], ], during a game between the Dodgers and ], Phillies players called Jackie a "]" from their ], and yelled that he should "go back to the cotton fields."<ref>Ken Burns' documentary, BASEBALL, Part 6, minute 120</ref> Rickey would later recall that the Phillies' ], ], "did more than anybody to unite the Dodgers. When he poured out that string of unconscionable abuse, he solidified and united thirty men."<ref>Ken Burns' documentary, BASEBALL, Part 6, minute 122</ref> ] ] admonished the Phillies and asked Chapman to pose for photographs with Robinson as a conciliatory gesture.

Dodgers shortstop ], who would be a teammate of Robinson's for the better part of a decade, was one of the few players who publicly stood up for Robinson during his rookie season. During the team's first road trip, in ], during pre-game practice, Robinson was being heckled by fans when Reese, the Dodgers team captain, walked over and put his arm around Robinson in a gesture of support that quieted the fans and has now gained near-legendary status. Reese was once quoted saying about Robinson "You can hate a man for many reasons; color is not one of them." In addition, the ] baseball star ], who understood the rookie's difficulties considering he himself faced considerable ] earlier in his career, made a point of welcoming Robinson to the major leagues. In the October 1948 issue of ], Robinson said he didn't expect to see baseball's color barrier fall in his lifetime. "I thought it would take another war," he said.
] made by sculptor ]]]
For his services, Jackie earned the major-league minimum salary of $5,000, which was standard for many rookies at the time. That year, he played in 151 games, hit .297, led the National League in ]s and won the first-ever ] Award. Although Jackie played every game that season at first base, Robinson spent most of his career as a ]man.

Two years later, Robinson won the 1949 ] award for the ], leading the league in batting average and stolen bases. By this point, he had galvanized fan support to the point that a popular song, ''Did You See Jackie Robinson Hit That Ball?'', reached the national ] R&B chart. By 1950, he had septupled his salary, being paid the highest amount to that point in Dodgers history: $35,000. His promised silence had also elapsed, and by July 1949, Robinson was testifying on discrimination before the ]. In 1952, he blasted the Yankees as a racist organization for not having broken the color line five years after his own crosstown debut.

Robinson was a crucial component of the 1951 "]" pennant race. On the final day of the season, and with the Giants having already won their game, the Dodgers needed to beat the Phillies just to force a playoff. The game went into extra innings, and in the bottom of the 12th inning, Philadelphia loaded the bases with one out. Robinson made a season-saving defensive play: diving for a soft liner to his right, he injured his elbow but was able to convert the catch into a double play. Robinson then hit a game-winning home run in the 14th inning.

Despite his regular season heroics, the Dodgers lost the pennant on ]'s famous home run. Film footage of the home run trot and celebration shows Robinson, observantly but dourly watching Thomson's feet in case he failed to touch all of the bases.

Robinson would win his only championship ring when the Dodgers beat the ] in the ]. (Coincidentally, he did not play in the seventh and deciding game of this Series—the only Fall Classic game he did not play in during his career.) After the ] season, Robinson was traded by the Dodgers to the ] for ] and ]30,000 cash. Robinson announced his retirement shortly after the trade; when asked, he made it clear that he had planned to retire before the trade was made, citing his own physical health and family commitments as his main reasons.

Robinson was a disciplined hitter and a versatile fielder. He had a .311 career ], a .409 career ] and substantially more ] than ]s. He was a truly outstanding baserunner. No other player since ] has stolen home more than Robinson, who did it 19 times in his career.<ref></ref> Recent statistical analysis has also indicated that Robinson was an outstanding defensive player throughout his career.<ref>[http://www.baseballprospectus.com/dt/robinja02.php | Baseball Prospectus</ref><ref>Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract, p. 502-503 | Historical Abstract</ref> During his career, the Dodgers played in six World Series and Jackie played in six All-Star games. He is a member of the Baseball Hall of Fame and a member of the All-Century Team.

Assessing himself, Robinson said "I'm not concerned with your liking or disliking me... all I ask is that you respect me as a human being."<ref>http://www.baseballhalloffame.org/history/robinson/index.htm</ref>

==Career batting statistics==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Team
! G
! AB
! R
! H
! 2B
! 3B
! HR
! RBI
! SB
! CS
! BB
! SO
! AVG
! OBP
! SLG
! TB
! SH
! SF
! IBB
! HBP
! GDP
|-
| 1947
| Brooklyn
| 151
| 590
| 125
| 175
| 31
| 5
| 12
| 48
| 29
|
| 74
| 36
| .297
| .383
| .427
| 252
| 28
|
|
| 9
| 5
|-
| 1948
| Brooklyn
| 147
| 574
| 108
| 170
| 38
| 8
| 12
| 85
| 22
|
| 57
| 37
| .296
| .367
| .453
| 260
| 8
|
|
| 7
| 7
|-
| 1949
| Brooklyn
| 156
| 593
| 122
| 203
| 38
| 12
| 16
| 124
| 37
|
| 86
| 27
| .342
| .432
| .528
| 313
| 17
|
|
| 8
| 22
|-
| 1950
| Brooklyn
| 144
| 518
| 99
| 170
| 39
| 4
| 14
| 81
| 12
|
| 80
| 24
| .328
| .423
| .500
| 259
| 10
|
|
| 5
| 11
|-
| 1951
| Brooklyn
| 153
| 548
| 106
| 185
| 33
| 7
| 19
| 88
| 25
| 8
| 79
| 27
| .338
| .429
| .527
| 289
| 6
|
|
| 9
| 10
|-
| 1952
| Brooklyn
| 149
| 510
| 104
| 157
| 17
| 3
| 19
| 75
| 24
| 7
| 106
| 40
| .308
| .440
| .465
| 237
| 6
|
|
| 14
| 16
|-
| 1953
| Brooklyn
| 136
| 484
| 109
| 159
| 34
| 7
| 12
| 95
| 17
| 4
| 74
| 30
| .329
| .425
| .502
| 243
| 9
|
|
| 7
| 12
|-
| 1954
| Brooklyn
| 124
| 386
| 62
| 120
| 22
| 4
| 15
| 59
| 7
| 3
| 63
| 20
| .311
| .413
| .505
| 195
| 5
| 4
|
| 7
| 13
|-
| 1955
| Brooklyn
| 105
| 317
| 51
| 81
| 6
| 2
| 8
| 36
| 12
| 3
| 61
| 18
| .256
| .378
| .363
| 115
| 6
| 3
| 5
| 3
| 8
|-
| 1956
| Brooklyn
| 117
| 357
| 61
| 98
| 15
| 2
| 10
| 43
| 12
| 5
| 60
| 32
| .275
| .382
| .412
| 147
| 9
| 2
| 2
| 3
| 9
|-
! Totals
! 10 yrs
! 1382
! 4877
! 947
! 1518
! 273
! 54
! 137
! 734
! 197
! 30
! 740
! 291
! .311
! .409
! .474
! 2310
! 104
! 9
! 7
! 72
! 113
|}

==Post-baseball life==
], ]<br/>From the National Archives]]

Robinson retired on ], ]. He had wanted to ] or ] in the major leagues, but received no offers.{{Fact|date=February 2007}} He became a vice-president for the ] corporation instead, and served on the board of the ] until ], when he resigned.

In 1964 he became one of six national directors for ]'s ] presidential campaign and later became special assistant for community affairs when Rockefeller was re-elected governor of New York in 1966. <ref>http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/robinson/jr1957.html</ref>

He was inducted into the ] in ], his first year of eligibility, becoming the first African-American so honored. In ], Robinson served as an analyst for ]'s '']'' telecasts. On ], ], the ] retired his uniform number 42 alongside ] (39) and ] (32).

In 1970, he established the Jackie Robinson Construction Company to build housing for families with low incomes. <ref>http://www.jackierobinson.com/about/achieve.html</ref>

Robinson made his final public appearance on ], ], before Game 2 of the ]. He used this chance to express his wish for a black manager to be hired by a Major League Baseball team.<ref></ref>

This wish was granted two years later, following the ] season, when the ] gave their managerial post to ], a Hall of Fame bound slugger who was then still an active player, and no relation to Jackie Robinson. At the press conference announcing his hiring, Frank expressed his wish that Jackie had lived to see the moment.<ref></ref>
In ], his oldest son, Jackie, Jr., who had beaten back drug problems and was working as a Daytop Village counselor, was killed in an automobile accident. Also, Jackie suffered from ], virtually went blind, and suffered heart problems.

Robinson died from heart problems and ] complications in ] on ], ] and was interred in the ] in ], ].<ref></ref> The highway that goes through the cemetery (previously known as the Interborough Parkway) was renamed the ] in 1997.<ref></ref>
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==Awards and recognition==
], ], where a major street has the honorary name Jackie Robinson Way.]]

*According to a poll conducted by ] in ], Robinson was the second most popular man in the country, behind ].<ref>http://www.fulton.k12.ga.us/teacher/stratton/robinson2.html</ref>
<!-- Commented out because image was deleted: ] -->

*In December ], the ] recognized Robinson with the ], which it awards annually for the highest achievement by an ]. <ref>http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/robinson/jr1957.html</ref>
*In 1976, his home in Brooklyn, the ], was declared a ]
*In ], ] ] posthumously awarded Robinson the ].

*], in ], also named the football stadium they play in after the late Robinson.

*The homes of the Daytona Cubs, ], and the UCLA Bruins Baseball team, ], are named after Robinson.
* The Chicago Public School system has named an elementary school after Jackie Robinson. It is in the Kenwood neighbourhood on Chicago's south side.<ref></ref>

*In ], Major League Baseball renamed the Rookie of the Year Award the Jackie Robinson Award in his honor.

*On ], ], Jackie Robinson's #42 was retired by ], meaning that no future player on any major league team could wear it. Players wearing #42 at the time, some of whom said they did so as a tribute to Robinson, were allowed to continue wearing it, thereby ] the number's retirement. The last player currently wearing the number is ] closer ].

*In ], he was named by ] on its ] of the 100 most influential people of the ].<ref></ref>
*In ], he ranked number 44 on '']''' list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was elected to the ].

*Baseball writer ] in the "The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract" ranked Robinson as the 32nd greatest player of all time based strictly on his performance on the field, noting that he was one of the top players in the league throughout his career.

*On ], ], the ] posthumously awarded Robinson the ], the highest award the Congress can bestow. Robinson's widow accepted the award in a ceremony in the Capitol Rotunda on ], ].

*At the ] ] groundbreaking for a new ] ballpark, ], scheduled to open in ], it was announced that the main entrance, modeled on the one in ]'s old ], will be called the Jackie Robinson Rotunda. Additionally, Mets owner ] said that the Mets and ] would work with the Jackie Robinson Foundation to create a Jackie Robinson Museum and Learning Center in lower ], as well as fund scholarships for "young people who live by and embody Jackie's ideals."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/2006/11/14/2006-11-14_mets_honor_robinson_at_new_home.html |title= METS HONOR ROBINSON AT NEW HOME|publisher=]|date=]|accessdate=2007-04-07}}</ref>

*On ], ], California Governor ] and First Lady ] announced that Jackie Robinson would be inducted into the ] on ], ] located at ] in Sacramento.

===60th anniversary tribute===
On ], ], the 60th anniversary of Robinson's major league debut, Major League Baseball invited players to wear the number 42 just for that day to commemorate Robinson. The gesture was the idea of ] outfielder ], who first sought ] permission, and, after receiving it, asked Commissioner ] for permission. Selig extended the invitation to all major league teams.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://mlb.mlb.com/news/press_releases/press_release.jsp?ymd=20070404&content_id=1879309&vkey=pr_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb |title=Griffey, Jr., others to wear No. 42 as part of Jackie Robinson Day Tribute|publisher=]|date=]|accessdate=2007-04-07}}</ref> Ultimately, more than 200 players wore number 42, including the entire rosters of the ], ], ], ], ], and ].<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/13/sports/baseball/13jackie.html?_r=1&ref=baseball&oref=slogin
|title= A Measure of Respect for Jackie Robinson Turns Into a Movement
|publisher=]|date=]
|accessdate=2007-04-15}}</ref>

==Cultural references==
*Jackie Robinson is a major character in Dan Gutman's novel '']''.
*In 1997, Jackie Robinson was used in Apple Computer’s ] advertising campaign that highlighted important individuals who made a change in history.

==See also==
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]
*]

==Notes==
{{reflist|2}}

==References==
*Bigelow, Barbara Carlisle, ed. ''Contemporary Black Biography'' vol. 6. Gale Research Inc. 1994. ISBN 0-8103-8558-9
*Eig, Jonathan. ''Opening Day: The Story of Jackie Robinson's First Season''. New York: ], 2007. ISBN 978-07432-9460-7
*Frommer, Harvey. ''Jackie Robinson'' Watts Press, 1984.
*Journal of Sports History - http://thejournalofsportshistory.org/history-of-baseball/jackie-robinson-a-triple-threat.html
*Kirwin, Bill. ''Out of the Shadows: African American Baseball from the Cuban Giants to Jackie Robinson.'' ]: ], 2005. ISBN 978-08032-7825-7
*MLB.com - http://newyork.yankees.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/nyy/history/retired_numbers.jsp
*Moritz, Charles, ed. ''Current Biography Yearbook 1972'', H.W. Wilson Co, New York, 1972. ISBN 0-8242-0493-X
*Rampersad, Arnold. ''Jackie Robinson, a Biography'', ] (]), 1997. ISBN 0-679-44495-5
*Robinson, Jackie. ''I Never Had It Made''. G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1972
*Robinson, Sharon. ''Promises To Keep: How Jackie Robinson Changed America'' Scholastic, 2004.
*Rothe, Anna, ed. ''Current Biography, Who's News and Why 1947'', H.W. Wilson Co, New York, 1948.
*], October 1948.
*Thorn, John. "Our Game" pp1-10 In ''Total Baseball: The Official Encyclopedia of Major League Baseball'' 7th ed. John Thorn et al eds. Total Sports Publishing, ], 1992
*Tygiel, Jules. ''Baseball's Great Experiment'', ], New York, ISBN 0195106199
*Williams, Michael W.- Ed. ''An African American Encyclopedia'' 1993.

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{commons}}
* Correspondences with the White House
*{{bbhof|id=121314}}
*{{baseball-reference|id=r/robinja02}}
*{{findagrave|882}} Retrieved on ]
* Official Website
* Jackie Robinson Foundation Website
*
*
*

{| class="toccolours collapsible collapsed" width=80% align="center"
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{{start box}}
{{succession box
| title = ]
| years = 1947<br/>1949
| before = ]<br/>]
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}}
{{succession box | before = ''First Winner'' | title = ]| years = 1947 | after = ]}}
{{succession box | before = ] | title = ] | years = 1949 | after = ]}}
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{{Los Angeles Dodgers|width=100}}
{{1955 Brooklyn Dodgers}}
{{NL Rookie of the Year}}
{{NL MVP's}}
{{MLBACT}}
{{Dogers Retired Numbers}}
{{1962 Baseball HOF}}
{{Major League Baseball on ABC}}

{{Persondata
|NAME=Robinson, Jackie
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Robinson, Jack Roosevelt (full name)
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=American baseball player
|DATE OF BIRTH={{birth date|1919|1|31|mf=y}}
|PLACE OF BIRTH=]
|DATE OF DEATH={{death date|1972|10|24|mf=y}}
|PLACE OF DEATH=]
}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Robinson, Jackie}}
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Revision as of 11:39, 18 April 2008

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