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| IUPACName = antimony(III,V) oxide
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'''Antimony tetroxide''' is an ] with the formula Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. This material, which exists as the mineral cervantite, is white but reversibly yellows upon heating. It is called antimony tetroxide to signify that it contains two kinds of Sb centers, although it is polymeric and the empirical formula is SbO<sub>2</sub>. '''Antimony tetroxide''' is an ] with the formula Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. This material, which exists as the mineral ], is white but reversibly yellows upon heating. It is called antimony tetroxide to signify that it contains two kinds of Sb centers, although it is polymeric and the empirical formula is SbO<sub>2</sub>.


==Formation and structure== ==Formation and structure==
The material forms when ] is heated in air: The material forms when ] is heated in air:
:Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 0.5 O<sub>2</sub> → Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ΔH = -187 kJ/mol :Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> + 0.5 O<sub>2</sub> → Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> ΔH = −187 kJ/mol
At 800 ″C, ] loses oxygen to give the same material: At 800 °C, ] loses oxygen to give the same material:
:Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> → Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> + 0.5 O<sub>2</sub> ΔH = -64 kJ/mol :Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> → Sb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> + 0.5 O<sub>2</sub> ΔH = −64 kJ/mol


The material is a a mixed valence, with both Sb(V) and Sb(III) centers. In the solid, pyramidal Sb(III) centers are bound to three oxides and octahedral Sb(V) centers are bound to six oxides.<ref>Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.</ref> The material is a a mixed valence, with both Sb(V) and Sb(III) centers. In the solid, pyramidal Sb(III) centers are bound to three oxides and octahedral Sb(V) centers are bound to six oxides.<ref>Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.</ref>

Revision as of 17:46, 2 May 2008

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Antimony tetroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Sb2O4. This material, which exists as the mineral cervantite, is white but reversibly yellows upon heating. It is called antimony tetroxide to signify that it contains two kinds of Sb centers, although it is polymeric and the empirical formula is SbO2.

Formation and structure

The material forms when Sb2O3 is heated in air:

Sb2O3 + 0.5 O2 → Sb2O4 ΔH = −187 kJ/mol

At 800 °C, antimony(V) oxide loses oxygen to give the same material:

Sb2O5 → Sb2O4 + 0.5 O2 ΔH = −64 kJ/mol

The material is a a mixed valence, with both Sb(V) and Sb(III) centers. In the solid, pyramidal Sb(III) centers are bound to three oxides and octahedral Sb(V) centers are bound to six oxides.

References

  1. Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
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