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| In addition to numerous more isolated murders of individuals and family grops, there were pogroms in Krakow, Rzeszoew, and in several smaller towns, but the largest mass murder was the ]. Gross makes several paticular points about this pogrom. The pogrom was initiated not by amob of citizens, but by the police, and involved people from every walk of life except the highest level of government officials in the city. It went on for two days, and was, | |||
| There were several pogroms, in addition to numerous more isolated murders of individuals and family gourps. | |||
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Fear - Anti-Semitism in Poland after Auschwitz is a book by Jan T. Gross. It was published by Random House in 2006.
Fear was written to explore the themes Gross introduced in , in it, he explores the question of how such a thing as the Jedwabne pogrom could have happened.
Context
In his first chapter, Gross is at pains to lay out the horrors that Poland suffered during WWII: The initial division of the country between Stalin and Hitler, the subsequent Nazi conquest, theKatyn massacre of Polish army officers by the Soviets, the Warsaw uprising of 1944 and the Soviet decision to postpone entering Warsaw until the German army had defeated the Polish Armia Krajowa, the destruction of ( reduced, Gross tells us, "to a pile of rubble,"0 and the abandonment of Poland to half a century of Soviet Communist domination by Britain and America at the Yalta Conference.
The Unwelcoming of Jewish Survivors
Gross estimates that 250,000 Polish Jews attempted to return home at the end of the war. Approximately half returned from internment inside Russia, many has passed for members of another national group during the war, others survived the camps or emerged from hiding. One of the more startling revelations in Fear is that Poles who had hidden Jews - regarded by the rest of the world as heros - begged the people whose lives they had saved not to reveal their actions for fear of reprisals by neighbors.
Gross describes a situation in which the homes, property, occupations and businesses of Polish Jews had been taken over by their neighbors during the Nazi occupation, with the result that Jews returning to their former homes in the hope of finding their relatives and rebuilding their lives were warned that they would be wise to leave and, in many cases, murdered. Property belonging to the Jewish community, including not only synagogues, but office buildings and schools, became the property of local governments which could continue in possession only if no Jewish community was reestablished.
Kielce Pogrom
In addition to numerous more isolated murders of individuals and family grops, there were pogroms in Krakow, Rzeszoew, and in several smaller towns, but the largest mass murder was the Kielce pogrom. Gross makes several paticular points about this pogrom. The pogrom was initiated not by amob of citizens, but by the police, and involved people from every walk of life except the highest level of government officials in the city. It went on for two days, and was,
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