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==Scientology career== ==Scientology career==
===Early years=== ===Early years===
Miscavige joined Scientology in 1971. In 1976 he left high school and joined the ]anization. In 1977 he worked directly under Hubbard as a cameraman for Scientology training films. Hubbard appointed him to the ], responsible for enforcing Hubbard's policies within the individual Scientology organizations. In 1981 he was placed in charge of the Watchdog Committee and the All Clear Unit, tasked with handling the various legal claims against Hubbard. He persuaded ] to resign from the ] (GO), deposed several GO officers through ] proceedings, and removed the GO from the church's organization.<ref name="religioninc">{{cite book|first=Stewart|last=Lamont|title=Religion Inc.|year=1986}}</ref>
this man is evil and wrong and his religon is made up and not true because the only true religon is Christian

After closing the Guardian's Office, Miscavige resigned from the church ''per se'' and set up a new organizational structure for Scientology that would release Hubbard from any personal liability. He set up the ], tasked with licensing Scientology's intellectual property, and ] to manage the proceeds. The ] was created at the same time with an ] to repurchase all of RTC's intellectual property rights.<ref name="religioninc"/> In October 1982 Miscavige required all Scientology Missions to enter new trademark usage contracts which established new fees and stricter policies on the proper use of Scientology materials.<ref>SO ED 2104 INT "The Flow Up The Bridge, The US Mission Holders Conference, San Francisco 1982," transcript, page 1</ref><ref name="Man in Control"/><ref name="mystery">{{cite web |url = http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,951938,00.html |title = Mystery of the Vanished Ruler |accessdate = 2007-08-10 |date = ]|work = |publisher = ]}}</ref>

In 1981 ], at that time second only to L. Ron Hubbard himself in Scientology's hierarchy, was appealing her prison sentence for her part in ], and she began to face criticism from within the Scientology organization. The ''St. Petersburg Times'', in the 1998 article "The Man Behind Scientology," states: "During two heated encounters, Miscavige persuaded Mary Sue Hubbard to resign. Together they composed a letter to Scientologists confirming her decision -- all without ever talking to L. Ron Hubbard." According to Miscavige, he and Mary Sue Hubbard remained friends thereafter.<ref name="TMBS"/><ref name="barefaced">{{cite book | author=Miller, Russell | authorlink=Russell Miller| title=Bare-faced Messiah, The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard | publisher=Henry Holt & Co | location=New York | edition=First American Edition | year=1987 | id=ISBN 0-8050-0654-0 | pages = 305-306 | url = http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfmconte.htm |chapter=22. Missing, Presumed Dead | chapterurl=http://www.clambake.org/archive/books/bfm/bfm22.htm}}</ref>

Miscavige made the first announcement of L. Ron Hubbard's death in 1986, speaking to Sea Org members assembled in the ]. Shortly before Hubbard's death, an apparent order from him circulated in the Sea Org that promoted Scientologist Pat Broeker and his wife to the new rank of Loyal Officer, making them the highest-ranking members.<ref>{{cite book|
first=Jon|last=Atack|
title=A Piece of Blue Sky|
year=1990}}</ref> Miscavige became the Chairman of the Board of ] the following year. One of his acts as chairman was to cancel the promotion order,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.robertdam-cos.dk/FO3879%20cancelled.gif|accessdate=2008-03-11||
title=Flag Order 3879 Cancelled|
date=1988-04-18}}</ref>
establishing himself as the ecclesiastical leader of the religion.<ref> RTC web site http://www.rtc.org/board/pg002.html</ref>

In a 1994 declaration, David Miscavige described his career path and his activities as the Church of Scientology staff member and executive as follows:

<blockquote>" 4. I have been a practicing member of the Scientology religion since 1971. In 1976, I joined staff of the Church of Scientology of California (and the Sea organization - the Scientology religious order). During my tenure in this corporation, I held many positions. In 1977, I had the opportunity to work directly with L. Ron Hubbard in many different capacities. In 1978, Mr. Hubbard was engaged in the production of Scientology films which had the purpose of training Scientology counsellors (called 'auditors') in the practice of Scientology. During this time I was the Chief Cameraman. Later, I worked directly with Mr. Hubbard as a member of the Commodore's Messenger Organization ('CMO'), which duties consisted of assisting Mr. Hubbard in whatever activities he was engaged in. The functions are best described as an assistant. Later, when Mr. Hubbard went into seclusion to continue his researches on Dianetics and Scientology, and to engage in his own writings, I became part of a newly formed CMO organization, CMO International.</blockquote>

<blockquote>"5. CMO International's role was to see that the management of the Church operated in accordance with Scientology policy and technology. The title of my position was Action Chief. In short , this post was responsible for missionaire activities of the Church, where personnel from the Mother Church would travel to different parts of the world to see to the proper operation of various Church activities and to take corrective action where necessary. The types of missions I generally supervised were those that saw to the correct functioning of the Church management and the correction thereof.</blockquote>

<blockquote>"6. From the beginning of 1982 until March of 1987, I was chief Executive Officer and later Chairman of the Board of Author Services, Inc. ('ASI'), a California corporation which managed the personal, business, and literary affairs of L. Ron Hubbard. </blockquote>

<blockquote>"7. Since March of 1987, I have been Chairman of the Board of Religious Technology Center ('RTC'), </blockquote>

<blockquote>"9. As Chairman of the Board, the most senior position in RTC, I am uniquely interested in the standard application of the Scripture of Scientology I inspect and correct departures from the standard application of the Scripture of the religion. I also ensure that any attempted perversion of the technology of Dianetics and Scientology rapidly dealt with, </blockquote>

<blockquote>"10. In the course of my duties I travel widely. I often appear at Church events and briefings In all such appearances, my position as Chairman of the Board of RTC is known, as is its distinction from actual Church management officials of CSI . I also oversee the affairs of the Religious Technology Center in its function of verifying that the source writings of the religion are kept pure. I also oversee RTC's function of assuring that the trademarks of Dianetics and Scientology are legally registered and kept current in over 190 countries around the world. "<ref></ref></blockquote>

=== Chairman of the board RTC ===

David Miscavige's current position as chairman of the board RTC might be considered the most powerful in Scientology though it is not comparable to the one of ]. While Hubbard is the source of Scientology Miscavige serves at its protector and is understood as such and highly respected for it by Scientology members.<ref>
{{cite book
| last = Lewis
| first = James R.
| authorlink = James R. Lewis
| title = Controversial New Religions
| publisher = Oxford University Press
| year = 2004
| isbn = 0195156838
| page= 247
| url= http://books.google.com/books?id=YCNd2YPFKTMC}}</ref>

=== Tax exemption ===
In 1993 after lengthy negotiations an agreement with the ] was reached on its treatment of the Church of Scientology. In 1991 Miscavige, with ], had gone to IRS headquarters to meet with the ] ], which led to a two year review process (in which IRS tax analysts were ordered to ignore the substantive issues because the issues had been resolved prior to review),<ref>{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = Scientology's Puzzling Journey From Tax Rebel to Tax Exempt | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9B05E7DE1639F93AA35750C0A961958260&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=all | work = | publisher = ] | date = ] | accessdate = 2008-01-22 }}</ref> and ultimately, ]ion for the Church of Scientology International and its organizations in the US. Later, in 1997, the church issued a statement denying its own "impromptu meeting" version of events, which the IRS and Goldberg declined to comment on.<ref>{{cite web | first = Douglas | last = Frantz | title = Scientology Denies an Account Of an Impromptu I.R.S. Meeting | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A04EED81038F93AA25750C0A961958260 | work = | publisher = ] | date = ] | accessdate = 2008-01-22 }}</ref>

In 1990, David Miscavige founded the organization ]. In 1997 the group was challenging the US tax system.<ref>'']'', October 23, 1997</ref>

=== Public contact ===

Miscavige was interviewed at length by ] of ] in 1992 and described what he considered were misconceptions about Scientology. Miscavige said that extraterrestrial beliefs (see ]) are not as important as people believe or not important at all.<ref name="Nightline">Koppel, Ted, '']'', David Miscavige interview of February 14, 1992; </ref> In 1998, he was interviewed by the ].<ref>{{cite web | first = Thomas C. | last = Tobin | title = The Man Behind Scientology | url = http://www.sptimes.com/TampaBay/102598/scientologypart1.html | work = | publisher = ] | date = ] | accessdate = 2008-01-22 }}</ref> Aside from those interviews, he has rarely spoken to the press. However, he is often a speaker at major Scientology openings, award ceremonies and related events.<ref>,
(accessed August 3, 2006)</ref>

Among Scientologists, Miscavige is often referred to simply as "DM"<ref name="Man in Control">{{cite news | first=Joel | last=Sappell | coauthors= Welkos, Robert W. | url=http://www.latimes.com/news/printedition/la-scientologysideb062490,1,7772622.story?coll=la-news-comment&ctrack=1&cset=true | title=The Man In Control | work=] | page=A41:4 | date=1990-06-24 | accessdate=2006-06-06 }} Additional convenience link at .</ref> or "C.O.B." (Chairman of the Board).


==Personal life== ==Personal life==

Revision as of 07:31, 13 December 2008

David Miscavige
File:David Miscavige ChairmanOfTheBoard.jpg
Born (1960-04-30) April 30, 1960 (age 64)
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
EmployerReligious Technology Center
TitleChairman of the Board
SpouseMichelle Miscavige
ChildrenNone
WebsiteReligious Technology Center, Bio

David Miscavige (born April 30, 1960) is chairman of the board of Religious Technology Center (RTC), a corporation that controls the trademarked names and symbols of Dianetics and Scientology, and "holds the ultimate ecclesiastical authority regarding the standard and pure application of L. Ron Hubbard’s religious technologies." Although Religious Technology Center is a separate corporation from the Church of Scientology, Miscavige is officially described as "worldwide ecclesiastical leader of the Scientology religion." In January 2008, when questioned about the allegation that Tom Cruise was second in command of the Church, Elliot Abelson, general counsel for the Church of Scientology stated: "The only person who runs the Church and makes policy decisions is David Miscavige." He also oversees the application of Scientology tech by affiliate programs Narconon, Criminon and Applied Scholastics, which are legally separate from the church but operate under license from RTC.

Miscavige was an assistant to Hubbard while still a teenager, and rose to a leadership position within the organization by the early 1980s. He was named Chairman of the Board RTC in 1986, some months after Hubbard's death. He reportedly lives at Scientology's Gold Base, which is also the main RTC headquarters, near Hemet, California.

Biography

David Miscavige was born in Philadelphia to Loretta and Ron Miscavige Sr. and he was the youngest of their four children. The Polish-Italian family was Roman Catholic, but not very observant. One sister is Denise Licciardi who in 2002 was hired by Bryan Zwan as a top executive for the Clearwater, Florida-based company Digital Lightwave. His older brother is Ronnie Miscavige, who for a time was also in the Sea Organization but who left the Church of Scientology in 2000 and is now in the real estate business as Managing Broker of the Williamsburg office of Long & Foster.

Miscavige suffered from childhood ailments as well as allergies, which kept him from accomplishing athletic and academic goals. During this time his father, a trumpet player, became interested in Scientology. Ron Miscavige Sr.'s interest in Scientology led him to have the boy sent to a Scientologist. According to him and his son, the 45-minute Dianetics session cured his ailments. The family was impressed enough by Scientology to move to the world headquarters in Saint Hill Manor, England.

Scientology career

Early years

Miscavige joined Scientology in 1971. In 1976 he left high school and joined the Sea Organization. In 1977 he worked directly under Hubbard as a cameraman for Scientology training films. Hubbard appointed him to the Commodore's Messenger Organization, responsible for enforcing Hubbard's policies within the individual Scientology organizations. In 1981 he was placed in charge of the Watchdog Committee and the All Clear Unit, tasked with handling the various legal claims against Hubbard. He persuaded Mary Sue Hubbard to resign from the Guardian's Office (GO), deposed several GO officers through ethics proceedings, and removed the GO from the church's organization.

After closing the Guardian's Office, Miscavige resigned from the church per se and set up a new organizational structure for Scientology that would release Hubbard from any personal liability. He set up the Religious Technology Center, tasked with licensing Scientology's intellectual property, and Author Services Inc. to manage the proceeds. The Church of Spiritual Technology was created at the same time with an option to repurchase all of RTC's intellectual property rights. In October 1982 Miscavige required all Scientology Missions to enter new trademark usage contracts which established new fees and stricter policies on the proper use of Scientology materials.

In 1981 Mary Sue Hubbard, at that time second only to L. Ron Hubbard himself in Scientology's hierarchy, was appealing her prison sentence for her part in Operation Snow White, and she began to face criticism from within the Scientology organization. The St. Petersburg Times, in the 1998 article "The Man Behind Scientology," states: "During two heated encounters, Miscavige persuaded Mary Sue Hubbard to resign. Together they composed a letter to Scientologists confirming her decision -- all without ever talking to L. Ron Hubbard." According to Miscavige, he and Mary Sue Hubbard remained friends thereafter.

Miscavige made the first announcement of L. Ron Hubbard's death in 1986, speaking to Sea Org members assembled in the Hollywood Palladium. Shortly before Hubbard's death, an apparent order from him circulated in the Sea Org that promoted Scientologist Pat Broeker and his wife to the new rank of Loyal Officer, making them the highest-ranking members. Miscavige became the Chairman of the Board of Religious Technology Center the following year. One of his acts as chairman was to cancel the promotion order, establishing himself as the ecclesiastical leader of the religion.

In a 1994 declaration, David Miscavige described his career path and his activities as the Church of Scientology staff member and executive as follows:

" 4. I have been a practicing member of the Scientology religion since 1971. In 1976, I joined staff of the Church of Scientology of California (and the Sea organization - the Scientology religious order). During my tenure in this corporation, I held many positions. In 1977, I had the opportunity to work directly with L. Ron Hubbard in many different capacities. In 1978, Mr. Hubbard was engaged in the production of Scientology films which had the purpose of training Scientology counsellors (called 'auditors') in the practice of Scientology. During this time I was the Chief Cameraman. Later, I worked directly with Mr. Hubbard as a member of the Commodore's Messenger Organization ('CMO'), which duties consisted of assisting Mr. Hubbard in whatever activities he was engaged in. The functions are best described as an assistant. Later, when Mr. Hubbard went into seclusion to continue his researches on Dianetics and Scientology, and to engage in his own writings, I became part of a newly formed CMO organization, CMO International.

"5. CMO International's role was to see that the management of the Church operated in accordance with Scientology policy and technology. The title of my position was Action Chief. In short , this post was responsible for missionaire activities of the Church, where personnel from the Mother Church would travel to different parts of the world to see to the proper operation of various Church activities and to take corrective action where necessary. The types of missions I generally supervised were those that saw to the correct functioning of the Church management and the correction thereof.

"6. From the beginning of 1982 until March of 1987, I was chief Executive Officer and later Chairman of the Board of Author Services, Inc. ('ASI'), a California corporation which managed the personal, business, and literary affairs of L. Ron Hubbard.

"7. Since March of 1987, I have been Chairman of the Board of Religious Technology Center ('RTC'),

"9. As Chairman of the Board, the most senior position in RTC, I am uniquely interested in the standard application of the Scripture of Scientology I inspect and correct departures from the standard application of the Scripture of the religion. I also ensure that any attempted perversion of the technology of Dianetics and Scientology rapidly dealt with,

"10. In the course of my duties I travel widely. I often appear at Church events and briefings In all such appearances, my position as Chairman of the Board of RTC is known, as is its distinction from actual Church management officials of CSI . I also oversee the affairs of the Religious Technology Center in its function of verifying that the source writings of the religion are kept pure. I also oversee RTC's function of assuring that the trademarks of Dianetics and Scientology are legally registered and kept current in over 190 countries around the world. "

Chairman of the board RTC

David Miscavige's current position as chairman of the board RTC might be considered the most powerful in Scientology though it is not comparable to the one of L. Ron Hubbard. While Hubbard is the source of Scientology Miscavige serves at its protector and is understood as such and highly respected for it by Scientology members.

Tax exemption

In 1993 after lengthy negotiations an agreement with the Internal Revenue Service was reached on its treatment of the Church of Scientology. In 1991 Miscavige, with Mark Rathbun, had gone to IRS headquarters to meet with the Commissioner Fred Goldberg, which led to a two year review process (in which IRS tax analysts were ordered to ignore the substantive issues because the issues had been resolved prior to review), and ultimately, tax exemption for the Church of Scientology International and its organizations in the US. Later, in 1997, the church issued a statement denying its own "impromptu meeting" version of events, which the IRS and Goldberg declined to comment on.

In 1990, David Miscavige founded the organization Citizens for an Alternative Tax System. In 1997 the group was challenging the US tax system.

Public contact

Miscavige was interviewed at length by Ted Koppel of ABC News in 1992 and described what he considered were misconceptions about Scientology. Miscavige said that extraterrestrial beliefs (see Space opera in Scientology doctrine) are not as important as people believe or not important at all. In 1998, he was interviewed by the St. Petersburg Times. Aside from those interviews, he has rarely spoken to the press. However, he is often a speaker at major Scientology openings, award ceremonies and related events.

Among Scientologists, Miscavige is often referred to simply as "DM" or "C.O.B." (Chairman of the Board).

Personal life

According to his official Scientology biography, David Miscavige's hobbies are riding motorcycles, fishing, snorkeling and underwater photography.

Miscavige has been married since 1981 to Shelly (Michelle) Miscavige, née Barnett, who also serves as his official assistant. They have no children.

Miscavige served as best man in his friend Tom Cruise's 2006 wedding to Katie Holmes.

Criticism and controversies

Treatment of staff

According to former Scientology staffers who say they have worked directly with him, Miscavige physically beats his subordinates, including the highest-ranking executives in the organization. Jeff Hawkins, a former senior marketing executive in the church, claimed that in 2002 Miscavige physically attacked and battered him at an executive meeting. On other occasions, he says, Miscavige punched him in the gut and hit him repeatedly on the side of the head. Ex-staffers Marc Headley and Lawrence Brennan have made similar accusations, which church representatives have denied.

Other matters

  • In 1982 in an attempted probate case, Ronald DeWolf, Hubbard's estranged son, accused Miscavige of embezzling from and manipulating his father. Hubbard denied this in a written statement, saying that his business affairs were being well managed by Author Services Inc., over which Miscavige was Chairman of the Board at that time. Judge J. David Hennigan found against DeWolf, dismissing the case on June 27, 1983.
  • In 1983, former Scientologist Jesse Prince testified that Miscavige had ordered that various materials authored by L. Ron Hubbard be registered with the U.S. Copyright Office though the materials in question might have fallen into the public domain.

References

  1. Tobin, Thomas C. (1998-10-25). "The man behind Scientology". part 4. St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved 2007-08-27. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. Religious Technology Center David Miscavige Biography (accessed 2007-05-08)
  3. Religious Technology Center David Miscavige Biography, page 2 (accessed 2007-05-08)
  4. Behar, Richard The Thriving Cult of Greed and Power Time Magazine May 6, 1991 page 50
  5. Tapper, James (2008-01-07). "Diana author names Tom Cruise as 'World Number Two in Scientology'". Daily Mail. Retrieved 2008-11-15.
  6. Reitman, Janet Inside Scientology Rolling Stone, Issue 995. March 9, 2006. Page 57.
  7. Young, Robert Vaughn Scientology from inside out, Quill magazine, Volume 81, Number 9, Nov/Dec 1993.
  8. Hoffman, Claire Tom Cruise and Scientology, Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005
  9. ^ Tobin, Thomas C. (1998-10-25). "The man behind Scientology". part 2. St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved 2007-08-27. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  10. O'Neil, Deborah (June 2, 2002). "The CEO and his church: Months of interviews and thousands of pages of court papers show the effect that influential church members had on a Clearwater company that was a darling of the dot-com boom". St. Petersburg Times. St. Petersburg Times. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  11. Atack, Jon (1990). "Chapter Four—The Young Rulers". [[A Piece of Blue Sky]]. Lyle Stuart. p. 448. ISBN 0-8184-0499-X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); External link in |chapterurl= (help); URL–wikilink conflict (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  12. http://ronmiscavige.lnfre.com/falcon/webui/lnfwelcomepage.aspx
  13. ^ Jacobsen, Jonny (2008-01-28). "Niece of Scientology's leader backs Cruise biography". AFP. Google News. Retrieved 2008-03-11. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  14. ^ Lamont, Stewart (1986). Religion Inc.
  15. SO ED 2104 INT "The Flow Up The Bridge, The US Mission Holders Conference, San Francisco 1982," transcript, page 1
  16. ^ Sappell, Joel (1990-06-24). "The Man In Control". Los Angeles Times. p. A41:4. Retrieved 2006-06-06. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) Additional convenience link at .
  17. "Mystery of the Vanished Ruler". TIME. 1983-01-31. Retrieved 2007-08-10. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  18. Miller, Russell (1987). "22. Missing, Presumed Dead". Bare-faced Messiah, The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard (First American Edition ed.). New York: Henry Holt & Co. pp. 305–306. ISBN 0-8050-0654-0. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help); External link in |chapterurl= (help); Unknown parameter |chapterurl= ignored (|chapter-url= suggested) (help)
  19. Atack, Jon (1990). A Piece of Blue Sky.
  20. "Flag Order 3879 Cancelled". 1988-04-18. Retrieved 2008-03-11. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  21. RTC web site http://www.rtc.org/board/pg002.html
  22. Declaration of David Miscavige, Church of Scientology International vs. Steven Fishman & Uwe Geertz, Case No. CV 91-6426 (HLH (Tx), U.S. District Court for the Central District of California, Riverside County, February 8th, 1994
  23. Lewis, James R. (2004). Controversial New Religions. Oxford University Press. p. 247. ISBN 0195156838.
  24. Frantz, Douglas (1997-03-09). "Scientology's Puzzling Journey From Tax Rebel to Tax Exempt". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-01-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  25. Frantz, Douglas (1997-03-19). "Scientology Denies an Account Of an Impromptu I.R.S. Meeting". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-01-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  26. The Wall Street Journal, October 23, 1997
  27. Koppel, Ted, Nightline, David Miscavige interview of February 14, 1992; Official ABC News Transcripts TV Broadcast, hosted on YouTube
  28. Tobin, Thomas C. (1998-10-25). "The Man Behind Scientology". St. Petersburg Times. Retrieved 2008-01-22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  29. Inauguración de la Iglesia Nacional de Scientology de España, Keynote Address at the Grand Opening of the Church of Scientology New York (accessed August 3, 2006)
  30. "Cruise and Holmes go on honeymoon". BBC News. 2006-11-19. Retrieved 2007-02-10.
  31. "Public radio interview with Jefferson Hawkins". The Edge. WXYB AM 1520 Tampa, FL. 2008-03-06.
  32. Davis, Matt (2008-08-07). "Selling Scientology: A Former Scientologist Marketing Guru Turns Against the Church". The Portland Mercury. Index Newspapers, LLC. Retrieved 2008-08-10.
  33. Miller, Russell (1987). [[Bare-faced Messiah]], The True Story of L. Ron Hubbard. Henry Holt & Co. ISBN 0-8050-0654-0. {{cite book}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) Page 369.
  34. Jesse Prince affidavit, United States District Court for the District of Colorado, Bridge Publications Inc v. Factnet Inc; Lawrence Wollersheim; Robert Penny, Civil Action No. 95-K-2143, 1998
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