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| '''Karl Raimund Popper''' was born ], ] in ], and died on ], ]. He was considered by many the premier ] of science in the ]. His first major work, ''Logik der Forschung'' (The Logic of Research), published in 1934, criticized the then-popular schools of ] and favored an approach to science based on criticism rather than verification. This work gained much attention and led to Popper being invited to lecture in England, which would later become his home. |
'''Karl Raimund Popper''' was born ], ] in ], and died on ], ]. He was considered by many the premier ] of science in the ]. His first major work, ''Logik der Forschung'' (The Logic of Research), published in 1934, criticized the then-popular schools of ] and favored an approach to science based on criticism rather than verification. This work gained much attention and led to Popper being invited to lecture in England, which would later become his home. From 1937 to 1946 he lectured in philosophy at the ], ]. | ||
| The rise of ], and particularly the German annexation of ] in 1938, prompted Popper to also work on political and social philosophy, where he criticized popular social theories of the day in favor of a more scientific approach. This led him to denounce authoritarian politics in such works as ''The Open Society and its Enemies''. | The rise of ], and particularly the German annexation of ] in 1938, prompted Popper to also work on political and social philosophy, where he criticized popular social theories of the day in favor of a more scientific approach. This led him to denounce authoritarian politics in such works as ''The Open Society and its Enemies''. | ||
| He would later develop these ideas into a philosophy he called ], a refinement of ]'s ] which held that the task of philosophers is not to verify or justify propositions, but to conjecture and criticize. | |||
| His scientific work was influenced by his study of ]'s theory of relativity, which he used to exemplify the difference between a truly scientific theory and the pseudo-scientific theories of ] and ]. In Popper's view, the difference was that theories such as Einstein's could be readily ''falsified'' by simple experiments. This criterion of ], and the practice of using experiments not to verify but to criticize scientific theories, are the cornerstones of true science in his view, in contrast to the common belief at the time (first proposed by ]) that science was based on ], and experimental verification. His work ''The Logic of Scientific Discovery'' (1959, an updated translation of ''Logik der Forschung'') is a classic in the field. | His scientific work was influenced by his study of ]'s theory of relativity, which he used to exemplify the difference between a truly scientific theory and the pseudo-scientific theories of ] and ]. In Popper's view, the difference was that theories such as Einstein's could be readily ''falsified'' by simple experiments. This criterion of ], and the practice of using experiments not to verify but to criticize scientific theories, are the cornerstones of true science in his view, in contrast to the common belief at the time (first proposed by ]) that science was based on ], and experimental verification. His work ''The Logic of Scientific Discovery'' (1959, an updated translation of ''Logik der Forschung'') is a classic in the field. | ||
| Popper won many awards and honors in his field, including the ] of the ], the ], and fellowships in the ], ], ], ], and ]. Austria awarded him the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold. ] ]ed Popper in 1965, and invested him with the Insignia of a Companion of Honour in 1982. | Popper won many awards and honors in his field, including the ] of the ], the ], and fellowships in the ], ], ], ], and ]. Austria awarded him the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold. ] ]ed Popper in 1965, and invested him with the Insignia of a Companion of Honour in 1982. | ||
| Works by Popper: | Works by Popper: | ||
| * ''Logik der Forschung'', 1934 | * ''Logik der Forschung'', 1934 | ||
| * ''The Open Society and its Enemies'', 1945 | * ''The Open Society and its Enemies'', 1945 | ||
| * ''The Poverty of Historicism'', 1961 | * ''The Poverty of Historicism'', 1961 | ||
| * ''Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge'', 1963 | * ''Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge'', 1963 | ||
| * ''The Logic of Scientific Discovery'', 1959 | * ''The Logic of Scientific Discovery'', 1959 | ||
| * ''Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach'', 1972 | * ''Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach'', 1972 | ||
| * ''Unended Quest; An Intellectual Autobiography'', 1976 | * ''Unended Quest; An Intellectual Autobiography'', 1976 | ||
| * ''The Self and Its Brain: An Argument for Interactionism'', 1977 | * ''The Self and Its Brain: An Argument for Interactionism'', 1977 | ||
| * ''The Open Universe: An Argument for Indeterminism'', 1982 | * ''The Open Universe: An Argument for Indeterminism'', 1982 | ||
| * ''Realism and the Aim of Science'', 1982 | * ''Realism and the Aim of Science'', 1982 | ||
| * ''The Myth of the Framework: In Defence of Science and Rationality'', 1994 | * ''The Myth of the Framework: In Defence of Science and Rationality'', 1994 | ||
| * ''Knowledge and the Mind-Body Problem: In Defence of Interactionism'', 1994 | * ''Knowledge and the Mind-Body Problem: In Defence of Interactionism'', 1994 | ||
| Other works and collections: | Other works and collections: | ||
| * ''Critical Rationalism: A Re-Statement and Defence'' by David Miller, 1994 | * ''Critical Rationalism: A Re-Statement and Defence'' by David Miller, 1994 | ||
| * ''Popper Selections'' (Text by Popper, selected and edited by David Miller) | * ''Popper Selections'' (Text by Popper, selected and edited by David Miller) | ||
| * ''All Life Is Problem Solving'' (Text by Popper, translation by Patrick Camiller), 1999 | * ''All Life Is Problem Solving'' (Text by Popper, translation by Patrick Camiller), 1999 | ||
| External sources: | External sources: | ||
| * from | * from | ||
| * | * | ||
| ] | |||
| /Talk | |||
Revision as of 04:20, 2 February 2002
Karl Raimund Popper was born July 28, 1902 in Vienna, and died on September 17, 1994. He was considered by many the premier philosopher of science in the twentieth century. His first major work, Logik der Forschung (The Logic of Research), published in 1934, criticized the then-popular schools of logical positivism and favored an approach to science based on criticism rather than verification. This work gained much attention and led to Popper being invited to lecture in England, which would later become his home. From 1937 to 1946 he lectured in philosophy at the University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
The rise of Nazism, and particularly the German annexation of Austria in 1938, prompted Popper to also work on political and social philosophy, where he criticized popular social theories of the day in favor of a more scientific approach. This led him to denounce authoritarian politics in such works as The Open Society and its Enemies.
He would later develop these ideas into a philosophy he called critical rationalism, a refinement of Immanuel Kant's critical philosophy which held that the task of philosophers is not to verify or justify propositions, but to conjecture and criticize.
His scientific work was influenced by his study of Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, which he used to exemplify the difference between a truly scientific theory and the pseudo-scientific theories of Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud. In Popper's view, the difference was that theories such as Einstein's could be readily falsified by simple experiments. This criterion of falsifiability, and the practice of using experiments not to verify but to criticize scientific theories, are the cornerstones of true science in his view, in contrast to the common belief at the time (first proposed by Francis Bacon) that science was based on inductive reasoning, and experimental verification. His work The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1959, an updated translation of Logik der Forschung) is a classic in the field.
Popper won many awards and honors in his field, including the Lippincott Award of the American Political Science Association, the Sonning Prize, and fellowships in the Royal Society, British Academy, London School of Economics, Kings College London, and Darwin College Cambridge. Austria awarded him the Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold. Queen Elizabeth II knighted Popper in 1965, and invested him with the Insignia of a Companion of Honour in 1982.
Works by Popper:
- Logik der Forschung, 1934
- The Open Society and its Enemies, 1945
- The Poverty of Historicism, 1961
- Conjectures and Refutations: The Growth of Scientific Knowledge, 1963
- The Logic of Scientific Discovery, 1959
- Objective Knowledge: An Evolutionary Approach, 1972
- Unended Quest; An Intellectual Autobiography, 1976
- The Self and Its Brain: An Argument for Interactionism, 1977
- The Open Universe: An Argument for Indeterminism, 1982
- Realism and the Aim of Science, 1982
- The Myth of the Framework: In Defence of Science and Rationality, 1994
- Knowledge and the Mind-Body Problem: In Defence of Interactionism, 1994
Other works and collections:
- Critical Rationalism: A Re-Statement and Defence by David Miller, 1994
- Popper Selections (Text by Popper, selected and edited by David Miller)
- All Life Is Problem Solving (Text by Popper, translation by Patrick Camiller), 1999
External sources: