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{{For|other people with this name|Patrick Henry (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox Governor
|name = Patrick Henry
|image = Patrick henry.JPG
|order = 1st & 6th
|office = Governor of Virginia
|term_start = 1776
|term_end = 1779<br>1784 – 1786
|lieutenant =
|predecessor = First Governor<br>] (1784)
|successor = ] (1779)<br>] (1786)
|birth_date = ], ]
|birth_place = ]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1799|6|6|1736|5|29}}
|death_place = ]
|party =
|spouse =
|profession =
|religion =
}}


'''Patrick Henry''' (], ]{{ndash}} ], ])<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.redhill.org/timeline.html |title=Patrick Henry Timeline |publisher=Patrick Henry National Memorial |accessdate=2007-11-28}}</ref> was a prominent figure in the ], known and remembered for his "]" speech. Along with ] and ], he is remembered as one of the most influential (and radical) advocates of the American Revolution and ], especially in his denunciations of corruption in government officials and his defense of historic rights.


== Early years==
Henry was born in Studley, ] on May 29, 1736.<ref name="ANB">Thad Tate, "Henry, Patrick", '']'', Feb. 2000.</ref> His father was John Henry, an immigrant from ], ], who had attended ] before immigrating to the ] in the 1720s.<ref>Meade, ''Patrick Henry'', 13–18.</ref> Settling in Hanover County, about 1732 he married Sarah Winston Syme, a wealthy widow from a prominent Hanover County family of English ancestry.<ref>Meade, ''Patrick Henry'', 1:21–24.</ref> Patrick Henry was once thought to have been of humble origins, but he was actually born into the middle rank of the Virginia ].<ref name="ANB" /> Henry attended local schools for a few years, and then was tutored by his father. After failing in business, in 1754 he married Sarah Shelton, with whom he would have six children. As a wedding gift, his father-in-law gave the couple six slaves and the 300-acre Pine Slash Farm. Henry began a career as a planter until his home was destroyed by fire in 1757.<ref name="ANB" /> Henry made another attempt at business, which also failed, before deciding to become a lawyer in 1760.<ref name="ANB" />


Henry first made a name for himself in a case dubbed the "]" (1763), which was an argument about whether the price of tobacco paid to clergy for their services should be set by the colonial government or by the Crown. After the ] overruled Virginia's ] that had limited the clergy's salaries, the Reverend ] filed suit against the vestry of ] for payment of back wages. When Maury won the suit, a jury was called in ] to determine how much Maury should be paid. Henry was brought in at the last minute to argue on behalf of Louisa County. Ignoring legal niceties, Henry delivered an impassioned speech that denounced clerics who challenged Virginia's laws as "enemies of the community" and any king who annulled good laws like the Two Penny Act as a "tyrant" who "forfeits all right to his subject's obedience".<ref>Meade, ''Patrick Henry'', 1:133</ref> Henry urged the jury to make an example of Maury. After less than five minutes of deliberation, they awarded Maury one penny.<ref>Beeman, ''Patrick Henry'', 16–19; Middlekauff, ''Glorious Cause'', 82–83; Meade, ''Patrick Henry'', 1:125–34.</ref>


==Stamp Act==
Henry was elected from Louisa County to the ], the legislative body of the Virginia colony, in 1765 to fill a recently vacated seat in the assembly. When he arrived in Wiliamsburg the legislature was already in session. Only nine days after being sworn in Henry introduced the ], "in language so extreme that some Virginians said it smacked of treason".<ref>Breen, T.H.,"Tobacco Culture: The Mentaloty of the Great Tidewater Planters on the Eve of Revolution",(Princeton University Press, 1985),p.189</ref>


mrs moore is not here yay
The freshman representative waited for an opportunity where the mostly conservative members of the House were away (only 24% was considered sufficient for a quorum). In this atmosphere, he succeeded, through much debate and persuasion, in getting his proposal passed. It was possibly the most anti-British American political action to that point, and some credit the Resolutions with being one of the main catalysts of the Revolution. The proposals were based on principles that were well established British rights, such as the right to be taxed by one's own representatives. They went further, however, to assert that the colonial assemblies had the exclusive right to impose taxes on the colonies and could not assign that right. The imputation of treason is due to his inflammatory words, "Caesar had his Brutus; Charles the First his Cromwell; and George the Third may profit by their example. If ''this'' be treason, make the most of it!"
]
According to biographer Richard Beeman, the legend of this speech grew more dramatic over the years. Henry probably did not say the famous last line of the above quote, i.e. "If this be treason, make the most of it." The only account of the speech written down at the time by an eyewitness (which came to light many years later) records that Henry actually apologized after being accused of uttering treasonable words, assuring the House that he was still loyal to the king. Nevertheless, Henry's passionate, radical speech caused quite a stir at the time, even if we cannot be certain of his exact words.


==American Revolution==
Patrick Henry is perhaps best known for the speech he made in the House of Burgesses on ], ], urging the legislature to take military action against the encroaching British military force. The House was undecided as to whether to send troops or not, but was leaning toward not committing troops. As Henry stood in ] in ], he ended his speech with his most famous words:


<blockquote>Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be purchased at the price of chains and slavery? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, ''give me liberty or give me death!''</blockquote>


The crowd jumped up and shouted "To Arms! To Arms!". Problematically, the text of this speech did not appear in print until 1816, in the biography ''Life and Character of Patrick Henry'' by ]. Although Wirt assembled his book from recollections by persons close to the events, some historians have since speculated that the speech, or at least the form with which we are familiar, was essentially written by Wirt decades after the fact.<ref>Ray Raphael, ''Founding Myths''</ref>


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In August 1775, Henry became colonel of the ]. During the ], Henry led militia against Royal Governor ] in defense of some disputed gunpowder, an event known as the ]. During the war, he served as the first post-colonial ], from 1776-79, an office he held again from 1784-86.


Henry lived during part of the War at his {{convert|10000|acre|km2|sing=on}} Leatherwood Plantation in ], where he, his first cousin Ann Winston Carr and her husband Col. George Waller had settled.<ref></ref> During the five years Henry lived at Leatherwood, from 1779 to 1784, Henry owned 75 slaves, whom he put to work planting tobacco.<ref></ref>


glad she is not here
On ], ], Patrick Henry married his second wife, Dorothea Dandridge (1755–1831). From his marriage there were 11 children.

==Later years==
After the Revolution, Henry was an outspoken critic of the ] and urged against its adoption, arguing it gave the federal government too much power. As a leading ], he was instrumental in forcing the adoption of the ] to amend the new Constitution. He became a strong opponent of ]. By the late 1790s he was a prominent Federalist in support of Washington and Adams. The irony is that most of his followers became Republicans who supported Jefferson's party. President ] offered him the post of Secretary of State in 1795, which he declined. In 1798 President ] nominated him special emissary to France, which he had to decline because of failing health. He strongly supported ] and at the urging of Washington stood for the House of Delegates in 1799 as a staunch Federalist. He especially denounced the ], which had been secretly written by Jefferson and Madison, and approved by the legislatures of those two states. He warned that civil war was threatened because Virginia, "had quitted the sphere in which she had been placed by the Constitution, and, in daring to pronounce upon the validity of federal laws, had gone out of her jurisdiction in a manner not warranted by any authority, and in the highest degree alarming to every considerate man; that such opposition, on the part of Virginia, to the acts of the general government, must beget their enforcement by military power; that this would probably produce civil war, civil war foreign alliances, and that foreign alliances must necessarily end in subjugation to the powers called in." He was elected to the House of Delegates, but died three months prior to taking his seat.

Henry spent his remaining years with his family on a large plantation known as ]. He died at Red Hill of ] on June 6, 1799.

==Monuments and memorials==
*His home and gravesite has been designated ].
*The ] ] ]
*The ] of the ] were named in his honor, as was the first ] ], the ].
*] in ]
*Eight high schools (including three in Virginia, more than for any other person in the Commonwealth)
*] in ] is also named in his honor.
*The Patrick Henry Boys and Girls Plantation was established as a living legacy to Patrick Henry on property near his grave site donated by the Red Hill Patrick Henry National Memorial. It is a Christian residential facility for ].
*Henry helped to establish the ] in Virginia. It is the 10th oldest institution of higher education in the United States. Six of Patrick Henry's sons graduated from Hampden-Sydney. Future United States president ] also graduated from the College in 1791.
*Fort Patrick Henry was a colonial fort built during the ] near the south fork of the ] at the present-day site of ]. This fort serves as the namesake of Fort Patrick Henry Dam and the reservoir that it forms on the ].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tva.com/sites/fortpatrickhenry.htm |title=Fort Patrick Henry Reservoir |publisher=Tennessee Valley Authority |accessdate=2008-10-28}}</ref>
*] was a United States Army base from late 1942 to the late 1960s and was a {{convert|1700|acre|km2|sing=on}} complex in ]. Now a decommissioned base that now has ] on {{convert|925|acre|km2}} of the old location that opened in 1949 and was orginally called Patrick Henry Field, the airport code is still PHF for the beginning letters of the old name.

*Other places named in honor of Patrick Henry include:
**]
**]
**]
**]
**]
**]
**]
**]
**] after an 1841 name change
**] in ], ]

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
*Beeman, Richard R. ''Patrick Henry: A Biography''. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1974. ISBN 0-07-004280-2.
*Meade, Robert D. ''Patrick Henry''. 2 volumes, 1957-1969.

==See also==
*]
*]

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{wikisource author}}
* {{gutenberg author|id=Henry+Patrick | name=Patrick Henry}}
* at Liberty-Tree.ca
* Hanover County, Virginia, birthplace of Patrick Henry and location of the Hanover Tavern, where Henry lived and worked early in his life, and Hanover Courthouse, where the Parson's Cause case was argued in 1763.
*], Henry family home from 1771 - 1778 ,
*St. John's Church (Richmond, Virginia), where Henry delivered "Liberty or death" speech in 1775
*
*Red Hill Plantation (Charlotte County, Virginia), Henry's final home and burial place
*
*
*
*

==Further reading==
* ], David Hackett Fischer, Oxford University Press USA, 1989.{{clarify}}

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Revision as of 19:33, 21 January 2009

love is a good subject



mrs moore is not here yay



i dont like her she talks to much


glad she is not here