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| '''Wood wool''' is the name of a product from wood, wood fibers, scrapped from wood logs | |||
| <ref></ref><ref></ref>. Mainly in north America, this product is known by the name '''Excelsior''' or "Excelsior wood" or "wood Excelsior", even thought its US commodity code is named "Wood wool (excelsior)"<ref></ref>. Wood wool can be used as is (or with minor processing), or it can be a raw material for the production of other products. | |||
| Wood wool is a different product from wood shavings. While wood shavings are evenly coiled, in wood wool the slivers of wood are curled or twisted to form a tangled mass<ref></ref>. | |||
| ==Applications== | |||
| Wood wool or excelsior has several applications in packaging, cushioning, stuffing of stuffed animals, for the cooling pads in home ] systems known as ]s.<ref>{{cite journal | journal = Popular Science | title = Solar air conditioners – the hotter it gets, the better they work | author = E. F. Lindsley | publisher = Times Mirror Magazines | date = July 1984 | pages = 64–66 | issn = 0161-7370 | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=AQROL_5mY5cC&pg=PA66&dq=evaporative+cooler+swamp+excelsior&lr=&as_brr=1&as_pt=ALLTYPES&ei=9SpkSZS_GYLkkwT904XuAg }}</ref> mats for ditch control - erosion control <ref></ref><ref> United States Department of Agriculture</ref> (ECM-Erosion Control Mats), garden mulch, dog bedding, hutch bedding<ref></ref>, udder cleaning for diary cattle <ref></ref> and also for the production of bonded wood wool boards<ref>Wood wool Cement Boards, Production and use, page 284 in "The Ecology of Building Materials", Bjørn Berge, Filip Henley, Howard Liddell, Architectural Press, 2001, ISBN 0750654503, 9780750654500 </ref>. | |||
| The width of these fibers varies from 1.5 to 20 mm, while their length is usually around 500 mm (depending on the production process). | |||
| When these fibers are bonded with cement or magnesite, bonded wood wool boards are produced. Slabs of bonded wood wool are considered environment friendly construction and insulation materials because they do not contain organic binders. | |||
| ==Properties== | |||
| The fibers of wood wool can be compressed and when pressure is removed, they resume their initial volume. This is a useful property for minimizing freight. | |||
| Due to high volume and large surface area, wood wool can be used for applications where water / moisture retention is necesary. | |||
| In the UK there are specifications for dimensions, requirements on pH, moisture content and freedom from dust and small pieces, set by ] BS 2548 for wood wool for general packaging purposes<ref> (British Standard)</ref>. Originally this standard was issued in 1954 and subsequently re-issued in 1986<ref name="BSI"> BSI British Standards</ref>. | |||
| ==Production== | |||
| Raw material for wood wool are round logs of ]<ref></ref> (for example ]), ], ] or ]<ref> | |||
| The suitability of Eucalyptus grandis and two provenances of Pinus kesiya for wood wool-cement slab manufacture | |||
| by A J Hawkes; A P Robinson; Publisher: London : Tropical Products Institute, 1978. ISBN:0859540863 9780859540865 | |||
| </ref>. | |||
| Wood wool can be produced in either horizontal shredding machines <ref></ref> or in vertical shredding machines<ref></ref>. | |||
| A possible further processing option, is washing in order to remove dust<ref></ref>. | |||
| Wood wool processing may involve drying, to achieve lower moisture<ref></ref> in compliance with local requirements (as in the UK<ref name="BSI"></ref>). | |||
| Finally, wood wool can be dyed, producing a variety of coloured products. | |||
| ==See also== | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ==References== | |||
| <references/> | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
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