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| {{For|the song by Beenie Man|Dude (song)}} | |||
| ], a New York socialite, was dubbed "King of the Dudes." He is pictured (1888) in the ] at the time of the "battle of the Dudes".<ref name="Bryk"> {{cite news|url=http://www.nysun.com/on-the-town/king-of-the-dudes/15834/|title=King of the Dudes|last=Bryk|first=William|date=June 22, 2005|work=]|accessdate=2008-11-11}}</ref><ref>Jeffers, Harry Paul (2005). ''Diamond Jim Brady: Prince of the Gilded Age'', p.45. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 0471391026</ref>]] | |||
| The term '''dude''' is an ] ] word generally used informally to address a male individual. The word was once used primarily by adults but has become a common slang term used in various age groups. The female equivalent, which is used less often, is "dudette." However, the term "dude" has evolved to become a more unisex term to encompass both genders<ref name=unisex1>{{Cite web|url= http://www.uncp.edu/home/canada/work/allam/1914-/language/slang.htm|title=Slang|author=Winona Bullard, Shirley Johnson, Jerkeshea Morris, Kelly Fox, Cassie Howell}}</ref>, and was true even in the 1950s, when the word was used in its more traditional sense.<ref name=oldunisex>{{Cite web|url= http://www.jstor.org/pss/453362|title=The meanings and etymologies of dude|author=Robert Knoll|year=1952}}</ref> It can alternatively be spelled "dood." | |||
| ==Usage== | |||
| Historically, the word usually has been used as a ] describing a type of man, or as an ]. The tone and inflection of the word "dude" are used to convey the various meanings. For example, someone may be a "surfer dude." "Dude" is considered to be ], similar to the phrase "]." | |||
| "Dude" is also used alone in a sentence as an interjection denoting a feeling of surprise, happiness, disappointment, amazement or other ]s.<ref name= male>{{Cite web|url= http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O999-dude.htm l|title=Dude|quote=A man; a guy|work=The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English|year=2006|accessdate=2007-05-15|publisher=]}}</ref> As an interjection, a short, clipped "dude!" might be used to convey annoyance with someone, while a long, drawn-out "duuuude" conveys amazement. The word might also be used almost anywhere in a sentence in order to convey such sentiments in conversation, as in, "Listen, dude, we have to go." | |||
| Other, older definitions of ''dude'' exist; the term is used to denote a particularly well-dressed male or one who is unfamiliar with life outside a large city. These definitions may go hand-in-hand, hence the phrased definition "an Easterner in the West" (United States).<ref name= west>{{cite web | url =http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/dude | title =''"Dude"'', Def. 2 - The Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary| accessdate =2007-05-08 | publisher =©]}}</ref> | |||
| It is colloqually used to refer a cool person. | |||
| ==History== | |||
| The term "dude" was first used in speech in 1873. It was first used in print in 1876, in ''Putnam's Magazine''.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mapes Dodge|first=Mary|year=1901|title=St. Nicholas|publisher=Scribner & Co.|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=3WQAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA734&dq=origin+of+the+word+dude|accessdate=2008-12-15}}</ref> | |||
| One of the earliest books to use the word was ''The Home and Farm Manual'', written by Jonathan Periam in 1883. In that work, Periam used the term "dude" several times to denote an ill-bred and ignorant, but ostentatious, man from the city. | |||
| "]," to which wealthy Easterners came to experience the "] life," began to appear in the ] in the early 20th century. | |||
| It became prominent in ] culture in the early ], but it wasn't until the mid-] that it started creeping into the mainstream. Some usages in ] have contributed to the spread of this word:{{Fact|date=July 2007}} | |||
| ==''Dude'' in popular culture== | |||
| <!-- PLEASE DO NOT ADD INDISCRIMINATELY; EPHEMERAL OR OBSCURE USAGE IS NOT NOTEWORTHY --> | |||
| * 1883 - ] of ] pictures the refined, well-dressed President, with the caption, "According to your cloth you've cut your coat, O Dude of all the White House residents; We trust that will help you with the vote, When next we go nominating Presidents." | |||
| * 1889 - ] by ] refers to dudes: "It is the town of showy hotels, patronized chiefly by dudes and ballet girls." | |||
| * 1889 - ] by ] comments on how commoners in Medieval Britain worshiped nobility and title without question, for the sake only of a meaningless title: "... and the best of English commoners was still content to see his inferiors impudently continuing to hold a number of positions, such as lordships and the throne, to which the grotesque laws of his country did not allow him to aspire; in fact, he was even able to persuade himself that he was proud of it. It seems to show that there isn't anything you can't stand, if you are only born and bred to it. Of course that taint, that reverence for rank and title, had been in our American blood, too - I know that; but when I left America it had disappeared - at least to all intents and purposes. The remnant of it was restricted to the dudes and dudesses. When a disease has worked its way down to that level, it may fairly be said to be out of the system." | |||
| * 1898 - '']'', an early silent film in which a ] young man starts a fight with another gentleman, is released.<ref></ref> | |||
| * 1932 - ]'s book ''Guys and Dolls'' features a character named "Dave the Dude." | |||
| * 1933 - ''The Dude Bandit'', a western in which Tod "Ace" Carter, played by ], defeats the evil money-lender Hooper Atchley, played by Al Burton, is released. | |||
| * 1959 - '']'', a western in which a sheriff (]) and deputies, including a drunk named "Dude" (]), defeat the bad guys, is released. | |||
| * 1962 - '']'', a western in which ] uses the term repeatedly, especially toward ], is released. | |||
| * 1966 - '']'', a documentary featuring the bohemian lifestyle of the surfer, including a soundtrack featuring the ], is released | |||
| * 1969 - In the film '']'', ]'s character defines "dude" as a "nice guy" and "regular sort of person." | |||
| * 1972 - "]", a hit single performed by ] and written by ], is released. | |||
| * 1973 - The premiere of '']'', a musical by ]. | |||
| * 1978 - '']'', a film drama depicting the surfer life in the 1960s and '70s, is released. | |||
| * 1980s - "Dude" enters the mainstream via multiple surfer-dude spoofs in film. It spreads rapidly with skateboard culture, which is a direct descendant of surf culture, but which is not restricted by geography. Sometime mid-decade, "dude" crosses the gender barrier. "Dude" also appears frequently in the popular ] ]. | |||
| * 1982 - '']'', a teen comedy/drama featuring ] as Jeff Spicoli, the quintessential surfer dude, is released to wild success. This film is largely responsible for the first wave of the mainstreaming of "dude." | |||
| * 1985 - '']'' (a novel by ]) includes the first published usage of the now-common phrase, "No way, dude!", and the first mainstream display of "dude" having crossed the gender barrier. In a noteworthy scene, a young woman tells her mother, "No way, dude." | |||
| * 1987 - "]" by ] tops the charts. The ] ] film '']'' is released.<ref></ref> | |||
| * 1989 - On February 17, 1989 '']'', introduces ] and ] as Ted "Theodore" Logan and Bill S. Preston, Esq., respectively, two righteous band dudes, bringing "dude" to an even wider audience. Ted uses the word "dude" 10 times in the movie's first 15 minutes. The next day, February 18, 1989, the first segment of the "]" sketch airs on '']'', featuring ] as Wayne Campbell and ] as Garth Algar, who use "dude" frequently. | |||
| * 1989 - "]" premiers on Nickelodeon; it would go on to run for three years. The cast of this teenage ] set on a ] included ]. | |||
| * 1990 - ] Biff's character, one of the ancestors of the Biff from the first movie, calls McFly "dude" and it seems to be derogatory. | |||
| * 1990 - ] band ]'s single "Don't Call Me Dude" from the album '']'' is a Top 20 hit in Australia. | |||
| * 1991 - ] and his band are credited as the "Dudes of Leisure" on '']'' and all subsequent albums. | |||
| * 1993 - ]'s comedy album "They're All Gonna Laugh at You" features the track "Buddy," in which several characters have a conversation composed almost entirely of the words "buddy," "homey," and "dude." | |||
| * 1994 - In the ] ], the male characters, Ross, Joey, and Chandler, frequently refer to each other as "dude," as a term of endearment and to express shock or surprise. | |||
| * 1997 - In the television show ], one of the characters, Jordan, says "dude" frequently, using it in every episode appearance. | |||
| * 1997 - '']'', an album from ], is released. | |||
| * 1998 - '']'', featuring ] and ] as two young men who, at one point in the film, have an argument composed entirely of the word "dude," with their inflections conveying the meaning of each instance of the word. | |||
| * 1998 - '']'', a film by ] and featuring ] as "The Dude" ("or His Dudeness, or Duder, or, you know, El Duderino, if you're not into the whole brevity thing"), an aging hippie/beach bum, turns "Dude" into a philosophy. The film's narrator, an old-fashioned cowboy played by ], mentions that he considers the term "dude" in its traditional sense, meaning a pretentious city-slicker type, rather than in its more contemporary sense. ] as Jeffrey "The Dude" Lebowski in '']''.]] | |||
| * 2000 - '']'', features ] and ] as two young men (or "dudes") who lose their car. | |||
| * 2001-2003 - The phrase "Dude, you're getting a Dell!" enters mainstream culture in the U.S. thanks to a highly successful ad run by PC maker Dell Inc., which features a character named Steven, popularly referred to as "the Dell Dude." | |||
| * 2004 - ]' catchphrase on the TV show '']'' is "dude." During the first three seasons, he says "dude" nearly 200 times. <ref></ref> | |||
| * 2008 - The brothers ] and ] in ] frequently refer to each other and various other characters as "dudes." | |||
| * 2008 - ] airs an ] in which the dialogue consists entirely of different inflections of "Dude!" and does not mention the product by name. <ref>{{cite web | |||
| | last = Swansburg | |||
| | first = John | |||
| | authorlink = | |||
| | coauthors = | |||
| | title = Dude! How great are those new Bud Light ads? | |||
| | work = Slate.com | |||
| | publisher = | |||
| | date = 2008-01-28 | |||
| | url = http://www.slate.com/id/2182846/pagenum/all/#page_start | |||
| | format = | |||
| | doi = | |||
| | accessdate = 2008-03-10}}</ref> | |||
| ==External links== | |||
| {{wiktionary|dude}} | |||
| * | |||
| * - By Kiesling, Scott F., Published in ''American Speech'', Vol. 79, No. 3, Fall 2004, pp. 281-305 | |||
| * You've Come a Long Way, Dude: A History, By Richard A. Hill, ''American Speech'', Vol. 69, No. 3 (Autumn, 1994), pp. 321-327 | |||
| * - Dudelicious Dissection, From Sontag to Spicoli, '']'' | |||
| * "dude" | |||
| ==References== | |||
| {{reflist}} | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
| ] | |||
Revision as of 16:18, 31 January 2009
DONKEY BALLS