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Two '''Battles of Dogger Bank''' have been fought near and over the ] in the ]:
{{otheruses}}
{{Battlebox|
battle_name=Battle of Dogger Bank
|campaign=World War I Naval
|image=] rolls over onto her side]]
|caption=The sinking ] rolls over onto her side
|conflict=]
|date=] ]
|place=], ]
|result=British tactical victory
|combatant1=Britain
|combatant2=Germany
|commander1=]
|commander2=]
|strength1=Five battlecruisers
|strength2=Three battlecruisers and one armoured cruiser
|casualties1=15 men killed
|casualties2=One armoured cruiser sunk and 974 men killed
|}}
The '''Battle of Dogger Bank''' was a naval battle fought near the ] in the ] that took place on ] ], during the ], between squadrons of the ] and the ].


*The ] was fought on the ] ] during the ] between a British squadron under Vice-Admiral ] and a Dutch squadron under Rear-Admiral Johan Zoutman.
===Origins===
With the German home fleet effectively bottled up by ]'s success at ], German Admiral ] decided to launch a raid upon three British East coast towns using the German Battlecruiser Squadron, comprising five ]s supported by ]s and ]s. The raid took place on ] ] at 9am, and resulted in the death of 18 civilians at ], causing further damage at ] and ].


*The ] took place on the night of ] ] during the ] when jittery sailors of the the Russian ], en route to the Pacific, opened fire on British fishing boats, imagining them to be Japanese ].
British public and political reaction was outraged that the German Fleet could sail so close to the British coast and proceed to shell coastal towns.


Buoyed by the success of the raid, Admiral Hipper resolved to repeat the exercise the following month. He was however intercepted by the British on ] ] at the ], midway between Germany and Britain. *The ] took place on the ] ], during the ], between squadrons of the ] and the ].


{{disambig}}
Through intercepted German radio traffic the British had learnt of Hipper's proposed sortie on ]. Admiral Beatty set sail with five battlecruisers to meet Hipper's three, supported by a further six light cruisers. Joined by additional cruisers and destroyers from Harwich, Beatty headed south before meeting Hipper's outlying vessels at 7.20am on the morning of ].

===Battle===
Realising he was overpowered, Hipper attempted to escape, believing the British battlecruisers to be slower than his. Beatty's cruisers, however, were notably faster than their German counterparts, and succeeded in reaching their extreme firing range by 9am. Battle started half an hour later.

The British fire was concentrated on Hipper's flagship, battlecruiser ] which was soon damaged with the loss of 192 of her crew. The slower ] ] was also damaged early in the action and began to fall behind the faster German battlecruisers. The German return fire in turn succeeded in hammering Beatty's flagship, ], to a standstill. ''Lion'' took no further part in the battle after 11:00.

Nevertheless, a major British success appeared likely until Beatty, believing his ships had seen a submarine’s periscope, ordered a sharp turn to avoid it. (It seems probable that the periscope was surfacing torpedo launched by a German destroyer). Beatty then gave an order which, thanks to the destruction of Lion's electrics and the damage to her flag hoists, was both vague and hard to see. As a result of the misunderstaning, the remaining British battlecruisers broke off the pursuit of the German battlecruisers and rounded on the crippled ], which had fallen behind the rest of the German ships, sinking her with the loss of 782 men. In the meantime the damaged German battlecruisers were able to make good their escape. 15 British sailors were killed in the battle.

===Aftermath===
Although the battle was not greatly consequential of itself, it boosted British morale and concerned the German Kaiser, ], enough to issue an order stating that all further risks to surface vessels were to be avoided.

But the Germans took the lessons of the battle to heart, particularly the damage to the ''Seydlitz'' which revealed flaws in the protection of her magazines. The British failed to do the same and signalling on board the ''Lion'' was equally shambolic in the early stages of the ] the following summer.

===The rival squadrons===

====Britain====
1st Battlecruiser Squadron: ], ] and ].

2nd Battlecruiser Squadron: ] and ].

====Germany====
1st Scouting Group: ], ], ] and ].

==External link==
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Revision as of 13:12, 30 October 2005

Two Battles of Dogger Bank have been fought near and over the Dogger Bank in the North Sea:

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