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Revision as of 23:52, 9 April 2009
Football club| Beşiktaş emblem | ||||
| Full name | Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nickname(s) | Kara Kartallar (The Black Eagles) founded = 3 March 1903 | |||
| Ground | BJK İnönü Stadium, Istanbul, Turkey | |||
| Capacity | 32145 | |||
| Chairman |  Yıldırım Demirören | |||
| Manager | Mustafa Denizli | |||
| League | Turkcell Süper Lig | |||
| 2007-08 | Turkcell Süper Lig, 3rd | |||
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 Current season | ||||
Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (commonly Beşiktaş, IPA: [bɛʃɪktɑːʃ]) (Template:Lang-en) is a professional sports club based in Beşiktaş district in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded in 1903, and registered 13 January 1910, it is the first registered sports club in Turkey. The club competes in numerous branches including football, basketball, volleyball, handball, athletics, boxing, wrestling, chess, cards bridge, gymnastics, rowing, table tennis, and paralympic sports.
The home ground of Beşiktaş is İnönü Stadium with 32,145 seating capacity after the renovation conducted in 2004.The stadium is located by the Bosphorus, near the world famous Dolmabahçe Palace.
History
Foundation
Beşiktaş is the first modern sports club in Istanbul established during the late Ottoman period (1903). A group of 22 young individuals gathered on certain days of the week and did bodily exercises in the Serencebey neighborhood of Beşiktaş in the fall of 1902 in the garden of the mansion of Osman Paşa, who was then the Medine Guard. The sports branches that these youths, who included the sons of Osman Pasha, Mehmet Şamil and Hüseyin Bereket and the youths of the neighborhood, Ahmet Fetgeri, Mehmet Ali Fetgeri, Nazım Nazif, Cemil Feti and Şevket, were horizontal bar, parallel bar, wrestling, weight lifting and gymnastics. When the men of Abdülhamit the Second, who had secret agents go around fearing any gathering activities because of political actions, heard about this; the exercising youths were taken to the police station after a raid. The tense situation was relaxed as some of these youths were close to palace officers and as they did not play soccer, which was in disfavor in those days, and as it was realized that they only did bodily exercises. In fact, Şeyhzade Abdülhalim, who had relations with the Palace, supported these youths and started to watch the practices frequently. Famous boxer and Wrestler Kenan Bey came to the practices and started to show wrestling and boxing tricks.
Bereket Gymnastic Club was founded under a special permission in 1903. The sporting activities gained some more freedom with the declaration of Constitutional Monarchy in 1908. After the political events of March 31, 1909, Fuat Balkan and Mazhar Kazancı, who were in Edirne, came to Istanbul with the Movement Army. After the political events settled down, Fuat Balkan, who was a good fencing coach and Mazhar Kazancı, who was a good wrestler and weight lifter, found the youths involved in gymnastics in Serencebey and got them to agree to doing sports together. Fuat Balkan made the space under his home in Ihlamur the Club’s headquarters and the title of Bereket Gymnastics Club was changed to Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club. Thus, a strong sports club; where gymnastics, wrestling, boxing, fencing and athletics were emphasized, was formed. Refik and Şerafettin Beys, friends of Fuat Bey, were too good fencers.
In the meantime, Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club became the first registered Turkish sports club on January 13, 1910 with the encouragement of Beyoğlu Governor Muhittin Bey. The interest among the youths of the neighborhood in the sports club grew and the number of members involved in sports suddenly went up to 150. The headquarters of the club was moved from Ihlamur to the building no. 49 in Akaretler. When this building was too small after a while; the building no. 84, again in Akaretler, became headquarters. The yard behind this building was turned into a sports pitch.
Some of the young patriots from the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul formed two football clubs called "Valideçeşme" and "Basiret", under the leadership of Şeref Bey. Valideçeşme and Basiret football clubs joined under Beşiktaş Ottoman Gymnastics Club in 1911. In a very short time, football became the foremost branch in the club.
The original colours of the team were "red and white", but these were substituted with the present "black and white" as a sign of mourning for the loss of Turkish lands on the Balkan peninsula following the Balkan Wars (1912-1913). Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü was the only sports club in Turkey and the team served as the Turkish national team for some occasions. Therefore, Beşiktaş JK is the only Turkish club which is allowed to carry the Turkish flag on its badge.
Legend of the Black Eagles (Nicknames)
The nickname of Beşiktaş is the Black Eagle. It was first used in the 1940s.
There is a legend surrounding the initial naming of the team "The Black Eagles." Beşiktaş, the title holder of the previous two seasons started the 1940-41 season with a young and renewed team. Beşiktaş, which opened up its lead as weeks went by, was the leader in the league. With five weeks remaining to the end, the opponent was Süleymaniye. Beşiktaş had started the game in Şeref Stadium refereed by Semih Turansoy on Sunday January 19, 1941, with the following players: Faruk, Yavuz, İbrahim, Rıfat, Halil, Hüseyin, Şakir, Hakkı, Şükrü, Şeref, Eşref. As in all games of that season, the team played well. Half way through the second half of the game, Beşiktaş attacked continuously despite being in front. And then, according to legend, a voice was heard from the stands towards which Beşiktaş was attacking. The voice said "Come on Black Eagles. Attack Black Eagles". The Beşiktaş players who had so successfully defeated their opponents that season, being described as "Black Eagles” and the football they played compared to “Attacking like Black Eagles”. According to legend, the owner of the voice from the stands was a fisherman called Mehmet Galin. Beşiktaş closed the game with a 6-0 win with 3 goals volleyed in by Şeref Görkey, who was known as volleyer Şeref and one goal each by Captain Hakkı, Şakir and Şükrü.
Milne Era
Beşiktaş had their most successful run in the Turkish League with three consecutive championships under the management of Gordon Milne in the early 90s. Three players of the squad; Metin Tekin, Ali Gültiken, Feyyaz Uçar were notable for significant contributions to the team during this period. These players had been called Metin-Ali-Feyyaz (shorty: MAF) as they formed the front of the team line-up. The supporters composed various chants for the trio devoted to their delighting style on the pitch, their goals and above all for their friendship and modesty. They are regarded by supporters as the best trio and attacking line of the club ever.
This was the only three-in-a-row title term of club history in 1989-90, 1990-91 and 1991-92 seasons. Most notably, Beşiktaş became the first undefeated champion in the Turkish League history. It is the only team to achieve the honors.
Milne had adopted the 4-4-2 system. By playing down the lines and crossing, the team scored many goals through aerial challenges. On 15 October 1989, Beşiktaş broke the Turkish League record for the biggest margin in a game with a 10-0 victory over Southern Turkey team Adana Demirspor. This match was enrolled as one of the 16 biggest matches of the club history.
Achievements
Turkish Championships
- Turkish Football Championship:
- Winners (2): 1934, 1951
- Runners-up (3): 1924, 1941, 1946
- National Heap:
- Winners (3): 1940-41, 1943-44, 1946-1947
- Runners-up (3): 1937-1938, 1944-45, 1945-46
- Turkish Federation Cup: (record)
- Winners (2): 1956-57, 1957-58
- Turkish Super League:
- Winners (12): 1957-58,1958-59 1959-60, 1965-66, 1966-67, 1981-82, 1985-86, 1989-90, 1990-91, 1991-92, 1994-95, 2002-03
- Runners-up (14): 1962-63, 1963-64, 1964-65, 1967-68, 1973-74, 1984-85, 1986-87, 1987-88, 1988-89, 1992-93, 1996-97, 1998-99, 1999-00, 2006-07
Other competitions
- Turkish Cup:
- Winners (7): 1975, 1989, 1990, 1994, 1998, 2006, 2007
- Runners-up (6): 1966, 1977, 1984, 1993, 1999, 2002
- Turkish Super Cup / President Cup:
- Winners (8): 1967, 1974, 1986, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1998, 2006
- Runners-up (8): 1966, 1975, 1977, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1995, 2007
- Chancellor Cup:
- Winners (6): 1943-44, 1946-47, 1973-74, 1976-77, 1987-88, 1996-97
- Runners-up (1): 1995-96
- TSYD Cup: (shared-record)
- Winners (12): 1964-65, 1965-66, 1971-72, 1972-73, 1974-75, 1983-84, 1984-85, 1988-89, 1989-90, 1990-91, 1993-94, 1996-97
- Atatürk Cup:
- Winners (1): 2000
- Runners-up (1): 1998
- Istanbul Football League:
- Winners (13): 1923-24, 1933-34, 1938-39, 1939-40, 1940-41, 1941-42, 1942-43, 1944-45, 1945-46, 1949-50, 1950-51, 1951-52, 1953-54
- Runners-up (6): 1932-33, 1943-44, 1947-1948, 1948-49, 1952-1953, 1954-55
- Istanbul Football Cup: (shared-record)
- Winners (2): 1944, 1946
- Istanbul Shield:
- Winners (1): 1935
- Spor-Toto Cup: (record)
- Winners (4): 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970
- Fleet Cup:
- Winners (1): 1986
Records and honours
Records and honours include:
- First sports club founded in Turkey (1903).
- The only undefeated winner of the Turkish League.
- Longest streak of undefeated games in the Turkish League (56).Yenilmez Armada,(Unbeaten Armada).
- Won 5 consecutive Istanbul League championships(1939-1943).
- Most games won in row (18).
- Most goals scored in Istanbul League, 90 goals in a season, 599 in 8 seasons.
- First winner of the Turkish Super Cup (2006); won against Galatasaray, 1-0.
- 10 seasons unbeaten at home to Anatolian teams. (All other Turkish teams exceeding rivals Fenerbahce & Galatasaray)
Colours and badge
Since only individual sports were done at the beginning in the Osman Pasha Mansion, there was no need for any colours for a uniform. However, the number of sportsmen increased with new youths who joined sport teams each passing day. Mehmet Şamil Bey (first president of the Club), who had graduated from the French school gathered the Founders Committee. He removed the pin he used in his school days bearing the colours of his school from his lapel and showed it around. He said “We must have a pin just like this one made and we must force all members who attend sports in our Club to bear this pin”. Those attending the meeting eagerly agreed to Mehmet Şamil Bey’s proposal. At the end of the meeting, the colours of the Club to be shown on the pin were decided. The two principal colours of nature in full contrast to each other were chosen as the Club colours: black and white.
The date Beşiktaş’s first badge was made was written as “1906” in Latin years inspired by the badges in the French school. On top, it said “Beşiktaş” in Arabic letters, the letter “J” was placed on the rights and letter “K” was placed on the left. On the back of the badge, there was a script saying it was made in Constantinople and there was the seal of the craftsmen who made the badge on the inside. It is interesting that the star on the crest on the badge has 6 points. This 6-pointed star was used until the 2nd Constitutional Monarchy (1908). This badge was donated by Iskender Yakak to Süleyman Seba, the Honorary President of Beşiktaş J.K.
The current emblem of Beşiktaş symbolizes the foundation date. There are two white and three black bars on the emblem. It consists of nine parts in total. There is one white bar, three black bars, and another white bar, and there are nine parts in total. Thus: 1319, the year of the club's foundation. (The Islamic calendar was still used in the Ottoman Empire at the time of the club's foundation. 1319 is the equivalent of 1903 in Gregorian Calendar.)
The Turkish flag which appears in Beşiktaş's emblem is a gift from the Turkish Football Federation. Beşiktaş earned the right to incorporate the flag after having its full roster drafted as the Turkish national team playing against the Greek national team on May 16, 1952. Beşiktaş is the only Turkish team with this right.
Colours of Besiktas used to be red and white, but when the whole team died in the first world war, they decided to change their colours to black and white out of respect for those that died. Also they started as a club before 1903, stopped due to the war, then re-started after the first world war.
Stadium
Main article: BJK İnönü StadiumBJK İnönü Stadium has been constructed in the period of İsmet İnönü, the 2nd president of Republic of Turkey,and commissioned on May 19, 1947. The first match played in the İnönü Stadium was between Beşiktaş Football Team and Swedish team AIK. Renovation work has been done in 2004 at İnönü Stadium which dimensions had been expanded 105x68 meters that is required by the UEFA. The tartan track was removed within the scope of these activities and the ground was lowered by 4 meters to increase the capacity of the stadium to 32.086 people. It complies with the UEFA standards.
According to the great football legend Pelé, BJK İnönü Stadium has the most beautiful view of any stadium in the world. While seated on the tribunes of this stadium, one can see the Bosporus, Dolmabahçe Palace, Dolmabahçe Clock Tower, Dolmabahçe Mosque, and the famous Kız Kulesi (Maiden's Tower). It is the only stadium in the world from which a football fan can view two continents, Europe and Asia, which are separated by the Bosporus.
Supporters
Beşiktaş have one of the biggest number of supporters population alongside Galatasaray and Fenerbahçe. There are also many groups supporting Beşiktaş. In fact, Çarşı is the most known group among the others with its international prominence. They are famous for creative chants and sociopolitical banners. However, the group is under discussions recently, after the declaration of the conclusion of the group.
Main article: Çarşı (supporter group)Notable fans
- Ahmet Necdet Sezer, former president of Turkey
- Bülent Ecevit, leader of the DSP (Democratic Left Party) and former prime minister of Turkey.
- Süleyman Seba, former player and president now the honorary president of Beşiktaş J.K.
- İsmet İnönü, second President of Turkey, politician, diplomat, general.
- Erdal İnönü, former leader of the SHP (Social Democratic People's Party), former prime minister, physicist and the son of the second president of Turkey, İsmet İnönü.
- Hikmet Çetin, former speaker of the Turkish Grand National Assembly, and NATO Secretary General's former senior civilian representative in Afghanistan
- Pervez Musharraf, former president of Pakistan
- Süleyman Demirel, former president of Turkey
- Mustafa Denizli, former Altay and Galatasaray player and the current manager of Beşiktaş J.K.
- Mustafa Sandal, singer and songwriter.
- Reha Muhtar, TV personality, journalist, columnist, bumpkin and former anchorman.
- Abdullah Gül, Current president of Turkey
Current squad
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
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For the Youth Team squad, see main article: Beşiktaş J.K. PAF
Note: About current season transfers, see: List of Turkish football transfers 2008-09
Notable players
Beşiktaş managers
Beşiktaş has had managers from all over Europe. Şeref Bey is the teams longest serving manager, managing the club for 14 years. The most successful manager is Gordon Milne, winning the league 3 times in a row and other trophies.
| Manager | Years |
|---|---|
| Mustafa Denizli |
2008-present |
| Ertuğrul Sağlam |
2007-2008 |
| Tayfur Havutçu (a.i.) |
2007 |
 Jean Tigana |
2005-2007 |
| Mehmet Ekşi (a.i.) |
2005 |
| Rıza Çalımbay |
2005-2005 |
 Vicente Del Bosque |
2004-2005 |
 Mircea Lucescu |
2002-2004 |
 Christoph Daum |
2001-2002 |
 Nevio Scala |
2000-2001 |
| Hans-Peter Briegel |
1999-2000 |
| Fuat Yaman (a.i.) |
1999 |
 John Benjamin Toshack |
1997-1999 |
| Rasim Kara |
1996-1997 |
| Christoph Daum |
1993-1996 |
 Gordon Milne |
1987-1993 |
 Miloš Milutinović |
1986-1987 |
| Branko Stanković |
1984-1986 |
| Manager | Years |
|---|---|
| Đorđe Milić |
1980-1984 |
| Serpil Hamdi Tüzün |
1979-1980 |
| Dogan Andaç |
1978-1979 |
| Miloš Milutinović |
1977-1978 |
| Gündüz Tekin Onay |
1976-1977 |
| Horst Buhtz |
1975-1976 |
| Metin Türel |
1974-1975 |
| Abdullah Gegiç |
1972-1974 |
| Gündüz Kılıç |
1971-1972 |
| Teoderescu |
1970-1971 |
| Metin Çiriç |
1969-1970 |
| Milev |
1968-1969 |
| Jane Janevski |
1967-1968 |
| Ljubiša Spajić |
1964-1967 |
| Recep Adanır |
1963-1964 |
| Şeref Görkey |
1961-1963 |
| Sandro Puppo |
1960-1961 |
 Andrea Kutik |
1959-1960 |
| Remondini |
1958-1959 |
| Manager | Years |
|---|---|
| Hüseyin Saygun |
1958-1958 |
| Esref Bilgiç |
1957-1958 |
| Mesaros |
1956-1957 |
| Cihat Arman |
1955-1956 |
| Sandro Puppo |
1954-1955 |
| Hakkı Yeten |
1950-1954 |
| Eric Keen |
1949-1950 |
| Hakkı Yeten |
1948-1949 |
| Giuseppe Meazza |
1947-1948 |
| Refik Osman Top |
1946-1947 |
| Charles Howard |
1944-1946 |
| Refik Osman Top |
1935-1944 |
| Zinger |
1925-1935 |
| Şeref Bey |
1911-1925 |
Presidents
According to official web site.
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Notes
- ^ "Turkish Football Federation (TFF) Information Pages (2007-2008 Season)". Retrieved 2007-12-02.
- Registration date
- "Branches, Football". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Basketball". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Volleyball". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Handball". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Athletics". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Boxing". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Wrestling". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Chess". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Cards Bridge". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Gymnastics". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Rowing". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Table Tennis". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02.
"Branches, Disabled Sports". www.Besiktas.com.tr. Retrieved 2007-12-02. - "Kulübümüz >> BJK İnönü Stadı (Eng: Our Club: BJK Inonu Stadium)". Retrieved 2007-12-02.
- "Pele 'Beşiktaş' dedi (Eng: Pele said: "Beşiktaş")". NTVMSNBC website. 2007-10-20. Retrieved 2007-10-21.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - 1991-92 football season ranking "1991-92 League Ranking". Retrieved 2008-01-18.
{{cite news}}: Check|url=value (help) - "1991-92 League Ranking". Turkish Football Association. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
- "Besiktas – Adana Demirspor : 10-0". Beskitas Official Website. 2005-11-01. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - "Basarilarimiz (Eng: Our Achievements)". Beskitas Official Website. Retrieved 2008-01-18.
- Daily Telegraph: "Derbies between the 'Black Eagles' of Besiktas and Galatasaray are known to be volatile, though the 5,000-capacity Inonu Stadium, set in a green and prosperous part of Istanbul, has been described by Pelé as 'one of the most beautiful football grounds in the world'."
- The Global Game - Stadium Murder
- Turkish Daily News - Murder at Inonu Stadium
- The Guardian - Fan Ban for Beşiktaş After Killing
- Sabah - Ölüm Stadı (Eng: Stadium of Death) Template:Tr icon
- UEFA.com - Beşiktaş Fan's Death
- "En çok taraftarı olan takım hangisi?". haberturk.com. 05-01-2007. Retrieved 2008-07-04.
{{cite news}}: Check date values in:|date=(help)Template:Tr icon - "Çarşı Kendine de Karşı!". ntvspor.net. 2008-05-28. Retrieved 2008-07-16.Template:Tr icon
- Turkish Daily News - Bloody conflict in Beşiktaş fan group
- ZAMAN - Çarşı'nın içindeki kavga ölümle bitti (Eng: The Fight in Carsi Ended Up With Death)Template:Tr icon
- SABAH - Murder For Free Tickets
- SABAH - Murder in the tribunes; but the managers remain silent
- "Beşiktaş'ın Taraftar Grubu "Çarşı" Kendini Feshetti". milliyet.com.tr. 2008-05-28. Retrieved 2008-07-16.Template:Tr icon
- "Kim Kimdir? (Eng: Who's who?)". Netbul. Archived from on 2002-12-09. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
{{cite news}}: Check|url=value (help) - {{cite news
- Akın Baran Ceyhan, current president of AFS Turkey
- Abdullah Gül, current president of the Republic of Turkey
- "Anadolu Ajansi Haberler". Anadolu Ajansi. 2002-01-09. Archived from the original on 2002-01-10. Retrieved 2007-10-26.
Besiktas Club also sent a membership card to Musharraf who spent his childhood in Turkey and is known as a fan of Besiktas.
- "Suleyman Demirel". KentHaber. Archived from the original on 2002-12-09. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
Süleyman Demirel: Beşiktaş bir sevdadır (Eng: Demirel: "Besiktas is a passionate love")
- Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü
External links
- Template:Tr icon Beşiktaş official website
- Template:Tr icon Beşiktaş websites & news
- Template:Tr icon Turkish football federation team profile
- Template:Tr icon Beşiktaş Academy official multimedia
- Template:Tr icon UNIBJK - University students fan organization
- Template:Tr icon Beşiktaş JK News
- Template:En icon Beşiktaş JK fan site
- Template:Tr icon ArmaAskina - handball volleyball basketball and wheelchair basketball branhes website of Beşiktaş JK
Template:Fb start Template:Turkcell Super League clubs Template:UEFA Cup 2008-09 Template:Fb end
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