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| A '''rainbow table''' is a ] cracking method created by Philippe Oechslin that uses a faster time-memory |
A '''rainbow table''' is a ] cracking method created by Philippe Oechslin that uses a faster ] technique (PDF). Lists of hashed passwords are pre-generated into files with a utility ''(rtgen)'' that allows for hashes to be cracked in a short period of time, generally less than a minute. Tables are hash specific, e.g. MD5 tables can only crack MD5 hashes. | ||
Revision as of 10:13, 18 November 2005
A rainbow table is a one-way hash cracking method created by Philippe Oechslin that uses a faster time-memory tradeoff technique (PDF). Lists of hashed passwords are pre-generated into files with a utility (rtgen) that allows for hashes to be cracked in a short period of time, generally less than a minute. Tables are hash specific, e.g. MD5 tables can only crack MD5 hashes.
Defense against Rainbow Tables
A rainbow table is essentially worthless against one-way hashes that include tokens (or salts, in the case of 56-bit DES). For example, if a password hash is generated using the following function (where "." is the concatenation operator):
hash = md5sum(password . token)
...a password cracker would have to generate both every possible token for every possible password -- a rainbow table would not give any benefit. However, if a password hash is generated using the following function:
hash = md5sum(password)
...a password cracker may benefit from a rainbow table.
Nearly all distributions and variations of Unix, Linux, and BSD use one-way hashes and salts, though many PHP web applications use regular MD5.
External links
- Plain-Text Team - Largest Distributed Rainbow Table Cracking System (over 600gb of tables)
- Project RainbowCrack - Official site.
- RainbowCrack Tutorial - Tutorial on using Rainbow Tables.
- winrtgen - GUI for rtgen.
- PassCracking.com - MD5 online cracking.
- PassCracking.ru - MD5 online cracking + database.
- rainbowtables.shmoo.com - Free LanMan rainbow tables.
- http://rainbowcrack.com/ - Community based distributed rainbow table generation
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