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| ==History== | ==History== | ||
| Kaitsepolitseiamet was established on ], ] by the ]. From 1925 to 1940 the institution was known as ''Poliitiline politsei'' (abbreviated ''PolPol''). The PolPol fought against subversive activities of left-wing and right-wing extremists, espionage, desertion, smuggling and terrorism. The most important targets were the Estonian communists whose party was illegal, forcing them to operate clandestinely and through various legal (pro-communist) workers' organisations. Communists were supported by the Soviet Union, who had publicly accepted the principles not recognizing the parliamentary order, seeing terrorism as a legitimate activity.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Walter|first=Hannes|date=1999-02|title=Uprising of December 1, 192411|journal=Baltic Defence Review|pages=129-140|url=http://www.bdcol.ee/fileadmin/docs/bdreview/10bdr299.pdf}}</ref> Similarly, the PolPol surveyed pro-Nazi oriented Baltic Germans and extreme monarchists of the White Russian emigres.<ref name ="kapo">http://www.kapo.ee/eng_ajalugu_ja_symboolika.html</ref> | Kaitsepolitseiamet was first established on ], ] by the ]. From 1925 to 1940 the institution was known as ''Poliitiline politsei'' (abbreviated ''PolPol''). The PolPol fought against subversive activities of left-wing and right-wing extremists, espionage, desertion, smuggling and terrorism. The most important targets were the Estonian communists whose party was illegal, forcing them to operate clandestinely and through various legal (pro-communist) workers' organisations. Communists were supported by the Soviet Union, who had publicly accepted the principles not recognizing the parliamentary order, seeing terrorism as a legitimate activity.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Walter|first=Hannes|date=1999-02|title=Uprising of December 1, 192411|journal=Baltic Defence Review|pages=129-140|url=http://www.bdcol.ee/fileadmin/docs/bdreview/10bdr299.pdf}}</ref> Similarly, the PolPol surveyed pro-Nazi oriented Baltic Germans and extreme monarchists of the White Russian emigres.<ref name ="kapo">http://www.kapo.ee/eng_ajalugu_ja_symboolika.html</ref> | ||
| When the ] annexed Estonia in ], ] the PolPol was one of the first institutions which was practically ''in corpore'' repressed - almost all of its employees were deported in course of ]s; before the end of the World War II more than 90% of the PolPol employees and their families were killed.<ref name ="kapo"/> | When the ] annexed Estonia in ], ] the PolPol was one of the first institutions which was practically ''in corpore'' repressed - almost all of its employees were deported in course of ]s; before the end of the World War II more than 90% of the PolPol employees and their families were killed.<ref name ="kapo"/> | ||
Revision as of 12:44, 7 June 2009
| Kaitsepolitsei | |
| Agency overview | |
|---|---|
| Formed | 1920 as the Political Police |
| Jurisdiction | Government of Estonia |
| Headquarters | Tallinn, Estonia |
| Agency executive |
|
| Parent agency | Estonian Ministry of Internal Affairs |
| Website | www.kapo.ee |
The Kaitsepolitsei (Security Police, KAPO for short) is a central national security institution of Republic of Estonia. Its purposes are centered around enforcing constitutional order. Kaitsepolitsei has primary investigative jurisdiction in some offences committed by state officials; countering terrorism; incitement to hatred; crimes against humanity and peace, including war crimes; illegal handling and trafficking of firearms, ammunition, explosives, radioactive material or other strategic materials; and the protection of state secrets. It also fills counterintelligence duties.
Kaitsepolitsei is administered as an agency of the Estonian Ministry of Internal Affairs.
While a lot of Kaitsepolitsei's activities are classified, its overview of the status of national security is published yearly as the Kaitsepolitsei aastaraamat.
History
Kaitsepolitseiamet was first established on April 12, 1920 by the Government Of Estonia. From 1925 to 1940 the institution was known as Poliitiline politsei (abbreviated PolPol). The PolPol fought against subversive activities of left-wing and right-wing extremists, espionage, desertion, smuggling and terrorism. The most important targets were the Estonian communists whose party was illegal, forcing them to operate clandestinely and through various legal (pro-communist) workers' organisations. Communists were supported by the Soviet Union, who had publicly accepted the principles not recognizing the parliamentary order, seeing terrorism as a legitimate activity. Similarly, the PolPol surveyed pro-Nazi oriented Baltic Germans and extreme monarchists of the White Russian emigres.
When the Soviet Union annexed Estonia in June 17, 1940 the PolPol was one of the first institutions which was practically in corpore repressed - almost all of its employees were deported in course of June deportations; before the end of the World War II more than 90% of the PolPol employees and their families were killed.
Re-establishment
The institution was re-established as Kaitsepolitseiamet in March 1, 1991, during the collapse of the Soviet Union and the process of Estonia regaining its independence, as a department of the Estonian Police (Politseiamet). It began operating as a separate institution in June 18, 1993. According to the law of security services, which took effect on March 1, 2001, the status of the Kaitsepolitseiamet changed from a police institution to a security service.
According to an Amnesty International report from 2009: "In June, the Estonian Security Police Board published its annual report which made serious allegations against the Legal Information Centre for Human Rights (LICHR), an NGO promoting and defending the rights of those belonging to linguistic minorities. The report stated that the LICHR was used by the Russian Federation to carry out scientific research for propaganda purposes, and accused the LICHR of trying to conceal the specific sources of funding it received from the Russian Federation. These allegations were widely seen as an attempt by the government to misrepresent the LICHR and to undermine its attempts to secure the necessary financial and social support to carry out its work."
References
- Walter, Hannes (1999-02). "Uprising of December 1, 192411" (PDF). Baltic Defence Review: 129–140.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ^ http://www.kapo.ee/eng_ajalugu_ja_symboolika.html
- "Amnesty International Report 2009". Amnesty International. 2009. Retrieved 2009-06-05.
External links
59°25′52″N 24°44′15″E / 59.431°N 24.7375°E / 59.431; 24.7375
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