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==Positions== ==Positions==
The AAPS, in contrast to the AMA, upholds the medical ethics as defined by the Hippocratic Oath found in The Declaration of Geneva of 1948<ref>, from the Misplaced Pages website. Accessed July 21, 2009.</ref>, the consent and protection of subjects of medical experiments in the ten points of the The Nuremberg Code<ref>, from the Misplaced Pages website. Accessed July 21, 2009.</ref>, The Declaration of Helsinki, and The United Nations Declaration of The Rights of the Child as enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights<ref>, from the United Nations website. Accessed July 21, 2009.</ref>. These documents were written specifically to prevent the return of Nazi medicine as prosecuted at the Nuremberg Doctors Trial<ref>, from the University of Missouri - Kansas City School of Law website. Accessed July 21, 2009.</ref> following World War 2. As an organization of medical professionals, they refuse to ignore these foundational human rights guidelines regarding medical ethics, or accept the deletions and edits that have subsequently been made by some to allow for elective abortions - including the purposeful destruction of human embryos at any time after conception. The AAPS has been labeled as politically conservative by liberal media outlets,<ref name="Rouse"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Hall|first=Mimi|title=Many states reject bioterrorism law|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/healthscience/2002-07-22-states-healthlaw_x.htm|work=USA Today|date=2002-07-22|accessdate=2008-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,837038,00.html | title=Progress Report | date=1967-06-30 | publisher=]}} "...an ultra-conservative political-action group"</ref> but it describes itself as "non-partisan".<ref>{{cite web|title=Membership Information|url=http://www.aapsonline.org/|publisher=AAPS|accessdate=2008-08-01}}</ref> The organization opposes mandatory ],<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Mandatory Vaccine Factsheet | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/testimony/mandvac.htm | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Petition | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/alerts/singlepaypetition.htm | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> and government intervention in healthcare.<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Letter Against Healthcare Reform | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/confiden/hr4157-letter.php | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> The AAPS has characterized the effects of the ], which established ] and ], as "evil" and "immoral",<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.</ref> and encouraged member physicians to refuse to accept or participate in Medicare and Medicaid.<ref>, published August 5, 1965 in the '']''. Accessed March 16, 2007.</ref><ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.</ref> AAPS argues that there is no ] to medical care, and that a government-mandated ] to medical care is ] and ]; hence they oppose efforts to implement a ].<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.</ref> The organization also opposes mandated ] and practice guidelines, criticizing them as a usurpation of physician ] and a ] merger of state and corporate power where the biggest stakeholder is the ].<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.</ref> Other procedures that AAPS opposes include ]<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 12, 2007.</ref> and ] access to ] - often called "emergency contraception" by its manufacturers, and commonly referred to as the "Morning After Pills."<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 12, 2007.</ref> AAPS is generally recognized as politically conservative,<ref name="Rouse"/><ref>{{cite news|last=Hall|first=Mimi|title=Many states reject bioterrorism law|url=http://www.usatoday.com/news/healthscience/2002-07-22-states-healthlaw_x.htm|work=USA Today|date=2002-07-22|accessdate=2008-08-22}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.time.com/time/printout/0,8816,837038,00.html | title=Progress Report | date=1967-06-30 | publisher=]}} "...an ultra-conservative political-action group"</ref> though it describes itself as "non-partisan".<ref>{{cite web|title=Membership Information|url=http://www.aapsonline.org/|publisher=AAPS|accessdate=2008-08-01}}</ref> The organization opposes mandatory ],<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Mandatory Vaccine Factsheet | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/testimony/mandvac.htm | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> ]<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Petition | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/alerts/singlepaypetition.htm | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> and government intervention in healthcare.<ref>{{cite web | title=AAPS Letter Against Healthcare Reform | publisher=AAPS website | url=http://www.aapsonline.org/confiden/hr4157-letter.php | accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref> The AAPS has characterized the effects of the ], which established ] and ], as "evil" and "immoral",<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.</ref> and encouraged member physicians to refuse to accept or participate in Medicare and Medicaid.<ref>, published August 5, 1965 in the '']''. Accessed March 16, 2007.</ref><ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.</ref> AAPS argues that there is no ] to medical care, and that a government-mandated ] to medical care is ] and ]; hence they oppose efforts to implement a ].<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.</ref> The organization also opposes mandated ] and practice guidelines, criticizing them as a usurpation of physician ] and a ] merger of state and corporate power where the biggest stakeholder is the ].<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.</ref> Other procedures that AAPS opposes include ]<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 12, 2007.</ref> and ] access to ].<ref>, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 12, 2007.</ref>


==Legal activism== ==Legal activism==

Revision as of 22:30, 21 July 2009

Template:Distinguish2

Association of American Physicians and Surgeons
FoundedMay 1944
TypePolitical advocacy group
FocusOpposes abortion, Medicare/Medicaid, universal health care, and government involvement in health care; publishes the Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons
Location
Websitehttp://www.aapsonline.org/

The Association of American Physicians and Surgeons (AAPS) is a politically conservative non-profit organization founded in 1943. The group had approximately 4,000 members in 2005. Notable members include Ron Paul and John Cooksey. The executive director is Jane Orient, professor of clinical medicine at the Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine. AAPS publishes the Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons.

History

During the winter of 1943, the Lake County (Indiana) Medical Committee decided to take action against the Wagner-Murray-Dingell Bill, proposed legislation that would provide government health care for most U.S. citizens. Also opposed to the bill was the conservative National Physicians Committee. The committee began a membership drive in February 1944. By May 1944, the AAPS claimed members from all 48 states. In 1944, Time reported that the group's aim was the "defeat of any Government group medicine." In 1966, the New York Times described AAPS as an "ultra-right-wing... political-economic rather than a medical group," and noted that some of its leaders were members of the John Birch Society.

Positions

AAPS is generally recognized as politically conservative, though it describes itself as "non-partisan". The organization opposes mandatory vaccination, universal health care and government intervention in healthcare. The AAPS has characterized the effects of the Social Security Act of 1965, which established Medicare and Medicaid, as "evil" and "immoral", and encouraged member physicians to refuse to accept or participate in Medicare and Medicaid. AAPS argues that there is no right to medical care, and that a government-mandated entitlement to medical care is unconstitutional and immoral; hence they oppose efforts to implement a national health plan. The organization also opposes mandated evidence-based medicine and practice guidelines, criticizing them as a usurpation of physician autonomy and a fascist merger of state and corporate power where the biggest stakeholder is the pharmaceutical industry. Other procedures that AAPS opposes include abortion and over-the-counter access to emergency contraception.

Legal activism

In 1975, AAPS went to court to block enforcement of a new Social Security amendment that would monitor the treatment given Medicare and Medicaid patients. With several other groups, AAPS filed a lawsuit in 1993 against Hillary Clinton and Secretary of Health and Human Services Donna Shalala‎ over closed-door meetings related to the 1993 Clinton health care plan. The AAPS sued to gain access to the list of members of President Clinton's health care taskforce. Judge Royce C. Lamberth found in favor of the plaintiffs and awarded $285,864 to the AAPS for legal costs; Lamberth also harshly criticized the Clinton administration and Clinton aide Ira Magaziner in his ruling. Subsequently, a federal appeals court overturned the award and the initial findings on the basis that Magaziner and the administration had not acted in bad faith.

The AAPS was involved in litigation against HIPAA, arguing that it is violates the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution by allowing government access to certain medical data without a warrant. In 2004, AAPS filed a brief on behalf of Rush Limbaugh, opposing the seizure of his medical files in an investigation of alleged misuse of prescription drugs. In 2006 the group criticised what it called sham peer review, claiming it was a device used to punish whistleblowers. The next year, the AAPS helped appeal the conviction of Virginia internist William Hurwitz, who was sentenced to 25 years in federal prison for prescribing excessive quantities of narcotic drugs after 16 former patients testified against him. Hurwitz was granted a retrial in 2006, and his 25-year prison sentence was reduced to 57 months.

Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons

The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons (JPandS), until 2003 named the Medical Sentinel, is the journal of the association. Its mission statement includes "… a commitment to publishing scholarly articles in defense of the practice of private medicine, the pursuit of integrity in medical research … Political correctness, dogmatism and orthodoxy will be challenged with logical reasoning, valid data and the scientific method." The publication policy of the journal states that articles are subject to a double-blind peer-review process.

The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons is not listed in the major literature databases of MEDLINE/PubMed nor the Web of Science. Articles and commentaries published in the journal have argued:

A series of articles by pro-life authors published in the journal argued for the existence of a link between abortion and breast cancer; such a link was rejected by the U.S. National Cancer Institute and is not recognized by major medical organizations such as the American Cancer Society or World Health Organization.

A 2003 paper published in the journal, claiming that vaccination was harmful, was criticized for poor methodology, lack of scientific rigor, and outright errors by the World Health Organization and the American Academy of Pediatrics. A National Public Radio piece cited inaccurate information published in the Journal and wrote: "The journal itself is not considered a leading publication, as it's put out by an advocacy group that opposes most government involvement in medical care."

Quackwatch lists JPandS as an untrustworthy, non-recommended periodical. An editorial in Chemical & Engineering News described JPandS as a "purveyor of utter nonsense." Investigative journalist Brian Deer wrote that the journal is the "house magazine of a right-wing American fringe group " and "is barely credible as an independent forum."

Leprosy errors

In a 2005 article published in the Journal, Madeleine Cosman argued that illegal immigrants were carriers of disease, and that immigrants and "anchor babies" were launching a "stealthy assault on medicine." In the article, Cosman claimed that "Suddenly, in the past 3 years America has more than 7,000 cases of leprosy" because of illegal aliens. The journal's leprosy claim was cited and repeated by Lou Dobbs as evidence of the dangers of illegal immigration.

However, publicly available statistics show that the 7,000 cases of leprosy occurred during the past 30 years, not the past 3 as Cosman claimed. James L. Krahenbuhl, director of the U.S. government's leprosy program, stated that there had been no significant increase in leprosy cases, and that "It is not a public health problem—that’s the bottom line." National Public Radio reported that the Journal article "had footnotes that did not readily support allegations linking a recent rise in leprosy rates to illegal immigrants." The article's erroneous leprosy claim was pointed out by 60 Minutes, National Public Radio, and the New York Times among other sources, but has not been corrected by the Journal.

References

  1. ^ "Portent". Time. 1944-05-08. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  2. "Doctors Who Hurt Doctors". TIME magazine. 2005-08-07. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  3. AAPS (2002). "Volume 58, No. 10 October 2002". Retrieved 2007-02-14. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  4. ^ "New Power in A.M.A.; Milford Owen Rouse". New York Times. June 30, 1966. Retrieved March 16, 2007.
  5. Hall, Mimi (2002-07-22). "Many states reject bioterrorism law". USA Today. Retrieved 2008-08-22.
  6. "Progress Report". Time Magazine. 1967-06-30. "...an ultra-conservative political-action group"
  7. "Membership Information". AAPS. Retrieved 2008-08-01.
  8. "AAPS Mandatory Vaccine Factsheet". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  9. "AAPS Petition". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  10. "AAPS Letter Against Healthcare Reform". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  11. Principles of the AAPS, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.
  12. Medicare Boycott Urged for Doctors, published August 5, 1965 in the New York Times. Accessed March 16, 2007.
  13. Notes on Opting Out of Medicare, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.
  14. RESOLUTION 2001-1: Medical Care Is NOT a Right, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.
  15. The Standard of Care, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 10, 2007.
  16. Resolution passed by the Assembly - Affirming the Sanctity of Human Life, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 12, 2007.
  17. Comments re: Docket No. 2005N-0345, RIN 0910-AF72, from the AAPS website. Accessed March 12, 2007.
  18. "Review for Doctors". TIME magazine. 1975-12-01. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  19. Pear, Robert (December 19, 1997). "Judge Rules Government Covered Up Lies on Panel". New York Times. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
  20. Lewis, Neil (August 25, 1999). "Court Clears Clinton Aide In Lying Case". New York Times. Retrieved January 3, 2008.
  21. Peters, S. (2001). "Physicians File Lawsuit To Overturn HIPAA". Internal Medicine News. Retrieved 2007-02-14. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  22. "Doctors Group: Limbaugh Medical Records Seizure Unlawful". NewsMax.com. 2004-02-22. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  23. Lawrence R. Huntoon (2006-05-09). "Sham Peer Review: A National Epidemic". Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  24. "Why Is The DEA Hounding This Doctor?". TIME magazine. 2005-07-18. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  25. Washington Post story, July 14th, 2007.
  26. "Medical Sentinel". Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  27. "Major Changes to AAPS Peer-Reviewed Journal". AAPS website. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  28. "Manuscript information for authors" (PDF). JPandS website. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  29. "[[PubMed]] database". Retrieved 2007-02-14. {{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  30. "[[Web of Science]]". Retrieved 2007-02-14. {{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help)
  31. The FDA and HCFA (Part II): Unconstitutional Regulatory Agencies, by James A. Albright, MD. Published in Medical Sentinel, 2000;5(6):205-208.
  32. Conspiracy --- Part III, by Curtis W. Caine, MD. Published in Medical Sentinel, 1999;4(6):224.
  33. Environmental Effects of Increased Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide by Arthur B. Robinson, Noah E. Robinson, and Willie Soon. Published in The Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, 2007; 12(3), 79.
  34. Questioning HIV/AIDS: Morally Reprehensible or Scientifically Warranted?, by Henry Bauer. Published in the Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons 2007: Vol 12, No. 4, p. 116.
  35. AIDS - A Heterosexual Epidemic? by Michael Fumento and AIDS - Inventing a Virus? Commentary by Peter H. Duesberg, PhD. From Medical Sentinel, Volume 2, No. 3, Summer 1997. | duesberg.com
  36. Homosexuality: Some Neglected Considerations, by Nathaniel S. Lehrman, MD. Published in Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, Volume 10, Number 3 (Fall 2005), pp. 80-82.
  37. The Abortion-Breast Cancer Link: How Politics Trumped Science and Informed Consent, by Karen Malec. Published in Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, Volume 8, Number 2 (Summer 2003), pp. 41-45.
  38. Induced Abortion as an Independent Risk Factor for Breast Cancer: A Critical Review of Recent Studies Based on Prospective Data, by Joel Brind, Ph.D. Published in Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, Volume 10, Number 4 (Winter 2005), pp. 105-110.
  39. Abortion, Miscarriage, and Breast Cancer Risk. Fact sheet from the National Cancer Institute. Accessed March 11, 2007.
  40. Can Having an Abortion Cause or Contribute to Breast Cancer?, from the American Cancer Society. Accessed March 31, 2008.
  41. "Induced abortion does not increase breast cancer risk". World Health Organization. Retrieved 2007-12-24.
  42. "Position of the Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety regarding concerns raised by paper about the safety of thiomersal-containing vaccines". WHO. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  43. "Study Fails to Show a Connection Between Thimerosal and Autism". American Academy of Pediatrics. 2003-05-16. Retrieved 2008-10-27.
  44. ^ Broken Borders? CBS Lambastes, Hires Dobbs, by David Folkenflik. From All Things Considered, National Public Radio, May 11, 2007. Accessed August 29, 2008.
  45. Barrett, S., M.D. "Nonrecommended Periodicals". Quackwatch. Retrieved 2007-02-12.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  46. Baum, Rudy (2008). "Defending Science". Chemical & Engineering News. 86 (23): 5. Retrieved 2008-09-24. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  47. "Bitter Heather Mills defends credibility as Wakefield anti-MMR campaign crumbles". BrianDeer.com. Retrieved 2007-02-14.
  48. ^ Illegal Aliens and American Medicine, by Madeleine Cosman. Published in the Journal of American Physicians and Surgeons, Spring 2005 (Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 6-10).
  49. ^ Truth, Fiction, and Lou Dobbs, by David Leonhardt. Published in the New York Times on May 30, 2007; accessed August 29, 2008.
  50. New U.S. Reported Hansen's Disease (Leprosy) Cases by Year, 1976-2005, from the U.S. National Hansen's Disease (Leprosy) Program. Accessed August 29, 2008.
  51. Lou Dobbs' Opinion, from 60 Minutes. Originally broadcast on May 17, 2007; accessed August 29, 2008.

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