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'''National liberalism''' is a variant of liberalism, combining ] with some ] policies, especially regarding ]. The roots of it are to be found in the 19th century, when ] was the ideology of the political classes in most European countries, then governed by ]. At that time national liberalism was closely linked with the idea of the ] and with anti-].<ref name=iPol> {{fr icon}}</ref>

The term "national liberalism"<ref></ref> was mainly used in ] countries such as ] and ] during the 19th century<ref>], ''Germany from Napoléon to Bismarck, 1800-1866'', Princeton University Press</ref><ref>], ''Les forces politiques en Allemagne'', Armand Colin</ref><ref>], ''Unité nationale et liberté politique chez quelques libéraux allemands au début des années 30'' and ''Naissance et évolution du libéralisme allemand'', in ] et ] (edited by), ''Notices politiques et littéraires sur l'Allemagne'', Presses Universitaires du Mirail, Paris, 1835</ref>, where "National-Liberal" parties were long in government. National liberals were slightly different from those espousing purer principles of the ] and ], indeed most national-liberals supported some forms of ] and ], in line with ]. Historical national-liberal parties included the ] and the ] in Germany, the ], the ] and the ] in Austria<ref name=iPol />, some of the constituent parties of the ] and the ] in ].

Between the last decades of the 20th and beginning of the 21st century, parties combining nationalist policies with some economic liberal ones, as low taxes and ], while being more skeptical on ] and ] are classified as national-liberal. A typical example of a contemporary national-liberal party has been the ], especially under the leadership of ], ] and ].

Current and more recent national-liberal parties, other than the Freedom Party of Austria, include the current ], ] and the ] in the ], the ] in ], the ] and ] in ] and, to some extent, the Swiss People's Party.

Even the ideology of more nationalist parties, such as the ] in France, is sometimes classified as national liberalism<ref> {{fr icon}}</ref>, as is that of ].

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*], ''Germany from Napoléon to Bismarck, 1800-1866'', Princeton University Press
*], ''Unité nationale et liberté politique chez quelques libéraux allemands au début des années 30 and Naissance et évolution du libéralisme allemand'', in ] and ] (edited by), ''Notices politiques et littéraires sur l'Allemagne'', Presses Universitaires du Mirail, Paris, 1835
*], ''Nations et nationalisme depuis 1780'', Paris, Gallimard, 1992
*], ''L'âme française ou le national-libéralisme. Analyse d'une représentation sociale'', Anthropos, 1979
*], ''Liberal Nationalism'', Princeton University Press, 1995
*], Les forces politiques en Allemagne, Armand Colin

==See also==
*]

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