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|<center>] '''or''' ], ]<br>('''матро́с''') '''или''' ('''моря́к''') <center> |<center>] '''or''' ], ]<br>('''матро́с''') '''или''' ('''моря́к''') <center>
|} |}
{{ref|U.S. Army}}


==History of Soviet Ranks== ==History of Soviet Ranks==
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* "On military duty and military service" (in Russian) * "On military duty and military service" (in Russian)
* "On military uniform, rank insignia of the servicemen and state bodies' rank isnignia" (in Russian) * "On military uniform, rank insignia of the servicemen and state bodies' rank isnignia" (in Russian)

== Notes ==
#{{note|U.S. Army}} ''US Army Field Manual 100-2-3 - The Soviet Army; Troops Organisation and Equipment.'' June 1991.



== References == == References ==

Revision as of 20:29, 6 January 2006

Soviet Armed Forces
Components
Ranks of the Soviet Military
History of the Soviet Military

The Military ranks of the Soviet Union are those introduced after the October Revolution of 1917. From then the Imperial Table of Ranks was abolished as was the right of the nobility to acquire personal ranks as well as special rights assigned to the Dvoryanstvo. Soviet ranks were abolished in 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union, although modern Russian military insignia has been largely adopted from the Soviet system.

Rank Table

File:SovietUniform-1-.jpg
Uniform abstract of the Soviet Union

Chart shows ranks during the time before the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Category Russian All-forces ranks Russian Air Force Ranks Russian Navy Ranks
Supreme Officers
or
General Officers
Marshal of the Soviet Union
(Маршал Советского Союза)
Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union
(Адмирал Флота Советского Союзаи)
General of the Army (генера́л а́рмии)
General of aviation or
Marshal of aviation
(генера́л а́виации) или
(мáршал а́виации)
Admiral of the Fleet
(адмира́л фло́та)
Polkovnik General (генера́л-полко́вник)
Polkovnik General of aviation
(генера́л-полко́вник а́виации)
Admiral (адмира́л)
Lieutenant General (генера́л-лейтена́нт)
Lieutenant General of aviation
(генера́л-лейтена́нт а́виации)
Vice Admiral
(ви́це-адмира́л)
Major General (генера́л-майо́р)
Major General of aviation
(генера́л-майо́р а́виации)
Counter Admiral
(ко́нтр-адмира́л)
Senior Officers
or
Field Grade Officers
Polkovnik (полко́вник)
Polkovnik of aviation
(полко́вник а́виации)
Captain, 1st rank
(капита́н 1-го ра́нга)
Podpolkovnik (подполко́вник)
Podpolkovnik of aviation
(подполко́вник а́виации)
Captain, 2nd rank
(капита́н 2-го р́анга)
Major (майо́р)
Major of aviation
(майо́р а́виации)
Captain, 3rd rank
(капита́н 3-го р́анга)
Junior Officers
or
Company Grade Officers
Captain (капита́н)
Captain of aviation
(капита́н а́виации)
Captain-Lieutenant
(капита́н-лейтена́нт)
Senior Lieutenant (ста́рший лейтена́нт)
Senior Lieutenant of aviation
(ста́рший лейтена́нт а́виации)
Senior Lieutenant
(старший лейтенант)
Lieutenant (лейтена́нт)
Lieutenant of aviation
(лейтена́нт а́виации)
Lieutenant
(лейтена́нт)
Junior Lieutenant (мла́дший лейтена́нт)
Junior Lieutenant of aviation
(мла́дший лейтена́нт а́виации)
Junior Lieutenant
(мла́дший лейтена́нт)
Under-Officers
or
Master non-commissioned officers
Senior Praporshchik (ста́рший пра́порщик)
Senior Praporshchik of aviation (ста́рший пра́порщик а́виации)
Senior Midshipman
(ста́рший ми́чман)
Praporshchik (пра́порщик)
Praporshchik of aviation
(пра́порщик а́виации)
Midshipman
(ми́чман)
Podpraporshchik (подпра́порщик)
Podpraporshchik of aviation
(подпра́порщик а́виации)
Bootsmann
(бо́цман)
Sergeants
and
Petty Officers
Starshina (старшина́)
Starshina
(старшина́)
Chief Ship Starshina
(гла́вный корабе́льный старшина́)
Senior Sergeant (ста́рший сержа́нт)
Senior Sergeant
(ста́рший сержа́нт)also known as Senior Kurshant
Chief Starshina
(гла́вный старшина́)
Sergeant (сержа́нт) also known as Kurshant
Sergeant
(сержа́нт)
Starshina, 1st class (старшина́ 1-й статьи́)
Junior Sergeant (мла́дший сержа́нт)
Junior Sergeant
(мла́дший сержа́нт)also known as Junior Kurshant
Starshina, 2nd class (старшина́ 2-й статьи́)
Soldiers,
seamen,
airmen
Gefreiter (ефре́йтор)
Gefreiter or Senior Lyotchik
(ефре́йтор) или (стáрший лё́тчик)
Senior Matrose
(ста́рший матро́с)
Private or Soldier, Reiter
(рядово́й) или (солдáт)
Private or Lyotchik
(рядово́й) или (лё́тчик)
Matrose or Seaman, Sailor
(матро́с) или (моря́к)

History of Soviet Ranks

The October Revolution of 1917 cancelled the privileges of Russian nobility (Dvoryanstvo). The Table of Ranks was abolished and so were the personal military ranks. The army and the navy has returned to a system of positional ranks that were acronyms of the full position names. For example, komdiv was an acronym of Division Commander; likewise kombat was Battalion Commander, etc. These acronyms have survived as informal position names to the present day.

The personal ranks were not reintroduced until 1935, and General ranks were restored in May 1940. The ranks were based on Russian Empire military ranks, although they underwent some modifications; the modified Imperial rank insignia was reintroduced in 1943.

In the 1970s, the non-commissioned officers serving under contract and holding Starshina (Master Sergeant) rank were reassigned to newly-created Praporshchik rank (not to be confused with similarly named Russian Empire rank of commissioned officers); starshina was reserved for conscripts only.

The table of Soviet military ranks is in the section below (as they were the same as present military ranks of the Russian Federation).

Notable ranks

Two notable ranks during the era of the Soviet Union include that of Marshal of the Soviet Union, along with Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, which was a rank used by Joseph Stalin after 1943.

Marshal of the Soviet Union

File:SovietGrandMarshal.gif

The ranks of Marshal of the Soviet Union (transliteration: Marshal Sovietskogo Soyuza) () was in practice the highest military rank of the Soviet Union. (The highest rank in theory, Generalissimo of the Soviet Union, was created for Joseph Stalin and held by him alone). The rank was abolished in 1991 after the collapse of the Soviet Union, and was replaced by the Marshal of the Russian Federation rank.

List of those awarded the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union:

Generalissimo of the Soviet Union

Was a rank acquired by Stalin in 1943 during World War II. It has never been used since, and could be observed as a rank similar to General of the Armies of the United States or North Korea's rank of Dae Wonsu.

Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union

File:USSR5StarAdmiral.gif

Was a rank equivalent to that of Marshal of the Soviet Union in the Soviet Navy. This rank was abolised in 1991, and replaced with Fleet Admiral of the Russian Federation.

List of those awarded the rank of Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union:

Rank insignia

Army

File:Rank-army-1-.gif

Navy

File:Rank-navy-1-.gif

See also

External links

Notes

  1. US Army Field Manual 100-2-3 - The Soviet Army; Troops Organisation and Equipment. June 1991.


References

Categories: