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| ==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
| Orchitis can be related to ] infection that has spread to the ], often caused by the ]s ] and ]. It can also be seen during active ], particularly in adolescent boys, and a rare reaction to a vaccine. | Orchitis can be related to ] infection that has spread to the ], often caused by the ]s ] and ]. It can also be seen during active ], particularly in adolescent boys, and a rare reaction to a vaccine . | ||
| ] orchitis may result from damage to the blood vessels of the ] during ], and may in the worst event lead to ].<ref>Simons MP, Aufenacker T, Bay-Nielsen M, et al. ''Hernia'' (2009) 13:343–403</ref> | ] orchitis may result from damage to the blood vessels of the ] during ], and may in the worst event lead to ].<ref>Simons MP, Aufenacker T, Bay-Nielsen M, et al. ''Hernia'' (2009) 13:343–403</ref> | ||
Revision as of 23:16, 24 March 2010
Medical condition| Orchitis | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Urology  |
Orchitis or orchiditis is a condition of the testes involving inflammation. It can also involve swelling and frequent infection.
Symptoms
Symptoms of orchitis are similar to those of testicular torsion. These can include:
- ejaculation of blood
- hematuria (blood in the urine)
- severe pain
- visible swelling of a testicle or testicles and often the inguinal lymph nodes on the affected side.
This condition must be diagnosed by a physician.
Causes
Orchitis can be related to epididymitis infection that has spread to the testicles, often caused by the sexually transmitted diseases chlamydia and gonorrhea. It can also be seen during active mumps, particularly in adolescent boys, and a rare reaction to a vaccine .
Ischemic orchitis may result from damage to the blood vessels of the spermatic cord during inguinal herniorrhaphy, and may in the worst event lead to testicular atrophy.
Treatment
In most cases where orchitis is caused by epididymitis, treatment is an oral antibiotic such as cefalexin or ciprofloxacin until infection clears up.
For viral infections, antibiotics are not recommended.
In both causes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as naproxen or ibuprofen are recommended to relieve pain. Sometimes stronger pain medications in the opiate category, particularly hydrocodone, are called for and are frequently prescribed by experienced emergency room physicians.
References
- "orchitis" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- Simons MP, Aufenacker T, Bay-Nielsen M, et al. European Hernia Society guidelines on the treatment of inguinal hernia in adult patients. Hernia (2009) 13:343–403
3. Vanessa Clifford et al. Mumps vaccine associated orchitis: Evidence supporting a potential immune-mediated mechanism. Vaccine 19 March 2010, Pages 2671-2673
External links
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