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| official_name = Città di Teramo | | official_name = Città di Teramo | ||
| native_name = | | native_name = | ||
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| imagesize = | | imagesize = | ||
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| image_caption = Teramo | ||
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'''Teramo''' {{audio|It-Teramo.ogg|<small>listen</small>}} is a city and '']'' in the central ] region of ], the capital of the ]. | '''Teramo''' {{audio|It-Teramo.ogg|<small>listen</small>}} is a city and '']'' in the central ] region of ], the capital of the ]. | ||
The city, 150 |
The city, {{convert|150|km|mi|lk=out}} from ], is situated between the highest mountains of the ] (]) and the ]. It is indeed one of the few places where you can reach, both the sunny beaches of the ] and the {{convert|3000|m|ft|lk=out}} covered by snow ] peaks, in less than half an hour from the city centre. The town is by the confluence of the Vezzola and ] rivers. | ||
The economy of the town is mostly based on activities connected with agriculture and commerce, as well as a sound industrial sector: textiles, foods, engineering, building materials and ceramics. |
The economy of the town is mostly based on activities connected with agriculture and commerce, as well as a sound industrial sector: textiles, foods, engineering, building materials and ceramics. Teramo can easily be reached from the A14 ] and in one and a half hours by car from ] via the A24 autostrada. | ||
==Climate== | ==Climate== | ||
The climate is fresh-temperate. In the coolest month (January) temperatures average 5.5°C, and in the warmest month (July) they average 24°C. In the winter time though they can experience copious amounts of snowfall, as in 2005. The precipitations are not frequent and mostly concentrated in late spring. The summers are characterized by days of somewhat intense heat. | The climate is fresh-temperate. In the coolest month (January) temperatures average 5.5°C, and in the warmest month (July) they average 24°C. In the winter time though they can experience copious amounts of snowfall, as in 2005. The precipitations are not frequent and mostly concentrated in late spring. The summers are characterized by days of somewhat intense heat. | ||
<div style="width:70%;"> | |||
{{ |
{{Infobox Weather | ||
| |
|metric_first=yes | ||
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|single_line=yes | ||
|location = Teramo | |location = Teramo (2007) | ||
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|Jan_Hi_°C = 14 | ||
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|Feb_Hi_°C = 14 | ||
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|Mar_Hi_°C = 15 | ||
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|Apr_Hi_°C = 20 | ||
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|May_Hi_°C = 24 | ||
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|Jun_Hi_°C = 28 | ||
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|Jul_Hi_°C = 32 | ||
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|Aug_Hi_°C = 30 | ||
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|Sep_Hi_°C = 24 | ||
| |
|Oct_Hi_°C = 17 | ||
| |
|Nov_Hi_°C = 13 | ||
| |
|Dec_Hi_°C = 13 | ||
| |
|Jan_Lo_°C = 5 | ||
| |
|Feb_Lo_°C = 6 | ||
| |
|Mar_Lo_°C = 7 | ||
| |
|Apr_Lo_°C = 10 | ||
| |
|May_Lo_°C = 14 | ||
| |
|Jun_Lo_°C = 17 | ||
| |
|Jul_Lo_°C = 21 | ||
| |
|Aug_Lo_°C = 19 | ||
| |
|Sep_Lo_°C = 14 | ||
| |
|Oct_Lo_°C = 11 | ||
| |
|Nov_Lo_°C = 6 | ||
| |
|Dec_Lo_°C = 5 | ||
| |
|Jan_Precip_mm = 14 | ||
| |
|Feb_Precip_mm = 26 | ||
| |
|Mar_Precip_mm = 67 | ||
| |
|Apr_Precip_mm = 25 | ||
| |
|May_Precip_mm = 92 | ||
| |
|Jun_Precip_mm = 62 | ||
|Jul_Precip_mm = 0 | |||
|Jul precipitation mm = 0 | |||
| |
|Aug_Precip_mm = 30 | ||
| |
|Sep_Precip_mm = 30 | ||
| |
|Oct_Precip_mm = 30 | ||
| |
|Nov_Precip_mm = 157 | ||
| |
|Dec_Precip_mm = 90 | ||
|source = National Weather Service | |source = National Weather Service | ||
|accessdate = | |accessdate = | ||
}} | }} | ||
</div> | |||
== |
== The name == | ||
] (]: {{polytonic|Ἰντέραμνα}}: ] Interamnas, Interamnātis), was the name of several cities in different parts of Italy. Its etymology, already pointed out by ] and ], indicates their position at the confluence of two streams.<ref>"inter amnes", Varro ''L. L.'' v.28, Fest. ''v.'' Amnes, p. 17, Müll.</ref> The form "Interamnium" (Greek: {{polytonic|Ἰντεράμνιον}}), and the ethnic form Interamnis, are also found, but more rarely. The name referred to the two rivers Vezzola and Tordino, between which it lies. | ] (]: {{polytonic|Ἰντέραμνα}}: ] Interamnas, Interamnātis), was the name of several cities in different parts of Italy. Its etymology, already pointed out by ] and ], indicates their position at the confluence of two streams.<ref>"inter amnes", Varro ''L. L.'' v.28, Fest. ''v.'' Amnes, p. 17, Müll.</ref> The form "Interamnium" (Greek: {{polytonic|Ἰντεράμνιον}}), and the ethnic form Interamnis, are also found, but more rarely. The name referred to the two rivers Vezzola and Tordino, between which it lies. | ||
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== History == | == History == | ||
===Pre Roman Age=== | ===Pre Roman Age: From VII to V Century BC=== | ||
Teramo has very ancient origins. The settlement of the I BC millennium along with some buildings of the Ancient people of ] were the object of very recent archaeological excavations. The most ancient historical remains were found in the outskirts of the city, precisely, in the neighborhood Madonna della Cona, where, among many, a burial place with a dagger and a halberd were found. Allegedly, the development of the of the old settlement was due to the commercial center founded by the ] and ]n civilization. | |||
===The Praetutii (The ancient people of Teramo)=== | |||
According to the Roman author ], the ancient Perut or Pretut ( |
According to the Roman author ], the ancient Perut or Pretut ( hill surrounded by waters) strongly developed in dimensions and importance until it became the capital of Praetutium and ] where the ] people lived. | ||
===Roman age === | ===Roman age === | ||
]]] | |||
In the ] (295 BC), the ] defied the Italian confederation (Sabellians, Etrusci, Umbri and their allies ], starting the ] begin. In 290 BC the Sabine area, along with the ]’s region is occupied by the legions sent by the consul general ]. | |||
The city took the Latin name of''''' Interamnia Preatuttorium''''' ("City of the Preaetutii between two rivers"). During the reign of ] Interamnia is included in the Picenum district. The area of the current province was divided from south to north into the Ager Hatrianus, Ager Praetutianus and Ager Palmense. | |||
*295 BC In the battle of ], The ] defy the Italian confederation (Sabellians, Etrusci, Umbri and their allies ]). With this battle the ] begin. | |||
After the ] Interamnia became a municipium. The city lost the status of Municipium because of the participation of ] in the ] (91-88 BC), but the city will subsequently regain it for expressed will of ]. | |||
*290 BC The Sabine area along with the ]’s region is occupied by the legions sent by the consul general ]. | |||
The city takes its latin name of Interamnia Preatuttorium ( City of the Preaetutii between two rivers) allegedly simple translation of the toponym “Petrut”. During the Age of ] Intermania is included in the fifth district: The Picenum (the VI district was ] and the IV was Samnium). The area of the current province is divided from south to north in Ager Hatrianus, Ager Praetutianus and Ager Palmense. | |||
During this period Interamnia is: | |||
*Conciliabulum: Place of meeting and market | |||
*Praefectura iure dicundo | |||
*Municipium, after the 2nd social war | |||
*]'s colony. In this period the city loses the status of Municipium because of the participation of ] in the ] (91-88 B.c.), but the city will subsequently regain it for expressed will of ]. | |||
*During the Roman age, thanks to its nearness to the capital of the empire, the city lives a very prosperous and favorable moment as the numerous mosaics, theater, thermal baths and the amphitheater remains evidence. As historians like ], ] and ] remember, the city reached its best period under the emperor ], with the constructions of the temples dedicated to ] and ]. | |||
During the Roman age, thanks to its nearness to the capital of the empire, the city lived a prosperous and favorable moment as proven by the numerous mosaics, theater, thermal baths and the amphitheater remains. As historians like ], ] and ] remember, the city reached its best period under the emperor ], with the constructions of the temples dedicated to ] and ]. | |||
===Middle Ages=== | |||
Little is known about Teramo in the early Middle Ages, after first destruction of the city in the year 410 by the ] under ]. The ] ruled Interamnia 552-554 AD. Right after the ], the city became a ] possession. Teramo was included in the Marchia Firmana, part of the ]. Later it was a ] fief. | |||
In 1129 the city was conquered by the ], as part of the ]. In 1140 it became a possession of ], the first ]. During the strife following Roger's coronation, Teramo was destroyed by a Norman force under ]. Only the tower of Piazza Sant’Anna was saved from this sack; from this moment on it will be called Torre Bruciata (burnt tower). In the 1268 the domination of the ], who had inherited Sicily from Roger II's line, ended; they were replaced by the ]. | |||
===The Goths and the Byzantines=== | |||
The ecclesiastical authority of the Aprutina Diocese, led by the bishops Rainaldo Acquaviva, Niccolò degli Arcioni (1317), Stefano da Teramo (1335) and Pietro di Valle (1366) boosted the city's economy, as witnessed by the construction of castles, churches, cloisters and palaces along with the great privileges granted by the sovereigns. | |||
A first destruction of the city in the year 410 by the ] under ] is testified. Even though the information about this age is very uncertain, it is said that the presence of the ] in Interamnia are active until 552-554 A.d. Right after the ], the city is a possession of the ] empire. Teramo is then anew included in the Marchia Firmana, under the Greek Esarcato of ]. The city is now governed by a count of the Marchia Firmana. | |||
===Renaissance and modern era === | |||
The 15th century saw the struggles between the most important families of the city (De Valle and Melatino). The exemplary hanging of 13 followers of Melatino’s family is still remembered in a stone shield in the very center of the city. The monument represents two heads with their tongues out under the writing “A lo parlare agi mesura” (mind what you say). | |||
===Century XII (1101-1200)=== | |||
During the first years of the century, the tyrant Antonello de Valle was assassinated; his castle, located in what is now ] Square, was demolished. The legend says that the belligerence between the families ended thanks to the women of the city who proclaimed a strike of affection. Despite the internal struggles, the city lived a very developed cultural period in the century. Artists like Jacobello del Fiore and ] were called to work in the city, which had commercial relationship with ] and ]. | |||
*1129 After the ] invasion in ], the city becomes territory of the ] settled in the duchy of ]. | |||
After the death of ], ] sold Teramo to the Duke of ] for 40,000 ducats. The people of Teramo rebelled, but with no result. In 1626 Teramo was struck by an earthquake, followed four year later by the plague. The town was sacked by French troops in 1798. | |||
*1140 Teramo is possession of ], the first king of the ]. | |||
*1153 A not well-identified subject called Teodin, helps build the church and the cloister of Sant’Angelo delle Donne; subsequently it will take the name of Madonna Delle Grazie. | |||
*Teramo is destroyed by the Norman army of Robert di Loretillo. Only the tower of Piazza Sant’Anna was saved from this sack; from this moment on it will be called Torre Bruciata (burnt tower). | |||
*1176 The Romanesque construction of the ] is completed. | |||
===Century XIII (1201-1300) “Age of Freedom”=== | |||
===Contemporary age=== | |||
]]] | |||
In 1925 the first Italian Psychoanalytic Society was founded in Teramo. | |||
*1268 End of ] dominion and beginning of the one of the ]. | |||
===Century XIV (1301-1400)=== | |||
During ], on 25 June 1943 German troops arrived in Teramo and proceeded to Bosco Martese where they fought against the men of ] movement. The episode is remembered as “Bosco Martese battle”. | |||
During the ] dominion, Teramo is subjected to a new period of majesty and prosperity: the ecclesiastical authority of the Aprutina Diocese, led by the bishops Rainaldo Acquaviva, Niccolò degli Arcioni (1317), Stefano da Teramo (1335) and Pietro di Valle (1366) gives new life to the city. This is witnessed by the construction of beautiful castles, churches, cloisters and palaces along with the great privilege granted by the sovereigns. The city changes its architectural face, both in the old district and the new. It turns into a frontier city and in the very sense of the word, it is named Gate of the Reigns. | |||
===Century XV (1401-1500) === | |||
] | |||
*Period defined by the struggles between the most important families of the city (De Valle and Melatino). The exemplary hanging of 13 followers of Melatino’s family is still remembered in a stone shield in the very center of the city. The monument represents two heads with their tongues out under the writing “A lo parlare agi mesura” (mind what you say). | |||
*During the first years of the century, the tyrant Antonello de Valle is assassinated and therefore his beautiful castle, which was located in a square known nowadays as Piazza ], is demolished. The legend says that the belligerence between the families ended thanks to the women of the city who proclaimed a strike of affection. Despite the internal struggles, the city lives a very developed cultural period. Artists like Jacobello del Fiore and Nicola da Guardiagrele give pearls of beauty to the city and the commercial relationship with ] and ] turns Teramo into a cultural shrine. | |||
*In June 1442, the ] is property of ], King of ]. | |||
===Century XVI (1501-1600)=== | |||
*1504 The kingdom of Naples passes to ], king of ]. This begins the Spanish dominion to ] and all of Southern Italy. | |||
*After the death of ], ] is the new king, and Teramo is sold to the Duque of ] for 40.000 ducats. Because of this, the people of Teramo strongly rebel. It is indeed said that among the night from the 17th to the 18th of November 1521, the troops of the Duke who were surrounding the city fled scared by the vision of the ] with ] defending the city. The miracle of ], patron saint of the city was born. | |||
===Century XVII (1601-1700)=== | |||
*1626 Teramo is struck by an earthquake | |||
*1630 A black plague spread from ] hits the city | |||
===Century XVIII (1701-1800)=== | |||
*1707 After of the ], the ] has the domain of the whole ] for 27 years. | |||
*1744 German invasion and the beginning of a new movement based on the ] philosophy in Teramo. It is led by several intellectuals, among which outshines ], a notable poet, composer and Italian philosopher. | |||
*1798 The french troops enter Teramo. Even though they are initially sacked by the citizens, they come back a few days later, ruthless destroying the whole city. | |||
===Century XIX (1801-1900) === | |||
]]] | |||
*The 15th of March 1806 ] defeats the troops of ]. Teramo is officially a french possession. | |||
*1815 The city is once again, possession of the ] | |||
*1832 ] pays its first visit to the city | |||
*1844 ] pays its second visit to the city | |||
*1847 ] pays its third visit to the city | |||
*1890 the Astronomy Observatory of Collurania is founded | |||
===Contemporary age=== | |||
*1925 The first Italian Psychoanalytic Society is founded in Teramo. | |||
*1934 The beautiful palace of Convitto Nazionale and Melchiorre Delfico library is completed and inaugurated in the square that will be entitled to ] | |||
*1941 Foundation of Zoo Profillatico Sperimentale Institute | |||
*25th of June 1943 The German troops arrive in Teramo and proceed to Bosco Martese where they fight against the men of ] movement of Teramo. The episode will be remembered as “Bosco Martese battle” | |||
*1972 First edition of ] (still in progress) | |||
* 30 of June1985 Official visit of ] | |||
*1989 Teramo is nominated by ] “A city open to the world” | |||
*June 1991 Cardinal, ] leads in the ] on a historic Congress called “Capitalism and Social Rights” | |||
*1993 Official foundation of the ]. | |||
*15 of September 2005 Official visit of the ] ]. | |||
*22nd of November 2008 Official visit of the ] ] | |||
*April 2009 Even though the tremors are strongly felt in the city, Teramo is not damaged by ]. | |||
*16 of December 2009 The city and the province of Teramo sign a protocol of friendship and cooperation with the provincial council of ] in ]. | |||
In 1972 the first edition of ] was held. | |||
The ] was founded in the city in 1993. | |||
] | |||
== Main sights == | == Main sights == | ||
===Roman Theatre=== | |||
The city's main attractions include: | |||
The Roman theatre was built at the beginning of the II century, under the rule of the emperor ]. The theatre is merely a stone’s throw away from the Duomo of Teramo. The walls are {{convert|10|ft|2|abbr=on|lk=out}} long and are a testimony of how big the theatre was when its capacity was 3.000 spectators. Since the fall of ], the building materials were used in other projects. In 1918 its ruins were found and in 2007 the rebuilding project was designed. After the demolition of Palazzo Adamoli planned for 2011, the theatre will rediscover its first glory. The masterpiece was described through the poetic lines of famous poet ]. He said “The remains of the theatre of Interamnia proves its ancient Roman majesty”. | |||
===Roman Amphitheater=== | |||
] | |||
Even though it is sure that the {{convert|700|ft|2|abbr=on|lk=out}} wide building was a site of urban interest, there is no proof that the great amphitheater of Teramo was the center of the first Christians’ martyrdom. It is believed that in the ] it was used as a castle or a fortress to protect the city. The legend tells that a beautiful Spanish lady had the mission of killing the men who had loved her the night before. She stole their souls immediately after, so no-one would have evidence of the passion of her nights. | |||
===Casa Urbani=== | |||
It is one of the most interesting houses still remaining from the Teramo of the ]. Built by Normand Count from Loretello right after the siege, but prior to the fire that burn the city in the middle of the XII century. | |||
===Casa del Mutilato=== | |||
The old “Church della Misericordia” (now Casa del Mutilato) was built as a consequence of the pestilence in 1348, and was reorganized in 1928. It was very relevant the fresco of Giacomo da Campli (century XV). In 1514 it hosted the queen ], she went there to admire a precious crucifix that was said to contain a thorn from the crown of ] | |||
===Spirito Santo=== | |||
The church of the XIV century was connected with the church of “Santo Spirito in Saxia” in ]. Something about it was reminiscent of the presence of the cross of ]. It was the centre of a hospital and of a brotherhood interested in the burial of the dead. It perfectly characterizes the elements of the Teramo of the ]. | |||
===Mosaico del leone=== | |||
It is by far the symbol of the archeological history of Teramo. Found in 1891 during the construction of the grand Palazzo Savini, the mosaic underwent centuries of dampness. However, due to the impeccable work of restoration specialists it still is a perfect representation of the works of urban archeology. The beauty of the masterpiece proves that a long time ago the city had an important tradition and a real school for the masters of mosaic. Today you can still meet young craftsmen who are studying the art of mosaic according to the rules of the ancient ] masters. | |||
===San Getulio=== | |||
The church of San Getulio, built in the early Middle Ages on the ruins of a Roman temple, finally destroyed in 1155 by the ]. Only the presbytery and some Romanesque elements remain of the original building. | |||
===Duomo=== | |||
]The Basilica Cathedral of Santa Marria Assunta and ] is the most important piece of art in Teramo. The construction began in 1158 under the wish of the bishop Guido II, because he was eager to have a new location for San Berardo da Pagliara memorabilia. It was consecrated and completed in 1176. Most of the material used to build was taken from the theater and the Roman amphitheater. The tower built in XI and XII centuries has three bells and it is {{convert|165|ft|2|abbr=on|lk=out}} long. Anther relevant masterpiece is the silver canopy of Nicola da Guardiagrele, which took 15 years to build it (from 1433 to 1448). Since September 8, 2007, it is now possible to visit the subterranean crypt of ], the patron saint of Teramo. | |||
===Vescovato=== | |||
It was most likely erected in 1374 with columns of stones and travertine from ]. It still is the residence of the bishop and the main offices of the Aprutina administration. It is the same bishop that every year among the Thursday and ] night leads an extraordinary nightly procession. The tradition tells that the ], who is not in mourning yet, wanders from church to church looking for his son. If in the desperate search, the virgin runs into the rain, she takes shelter in the nearest church where she will have to stay until the next night of the forthcoming year. Although the procession leaves at 4am, it is a rite that keeps on attracting thousands of faithful in the Easter of Teramo. | |||
===Piazza Sant’Anna=== | |||
It’s a square in the old part of the city with a stunning church. It has recently been object of studying owing to the remains found belonging to the old Torre Bruciata and to a Roman ] of the II century B.c. | |||
===Sant'Antonio=== | |||
The Romanesque church of Sant'Antonio (1127), with a fine portal. The interior, with a single nave, was renovated along Baroque lines. | |||
===Castello della Monica=== | |||
It is a dream come true. The dream of a man, an artist, who wanted to keep up with the changing style of the great cities in the XIX century through the “gothic revival”. Don Gennaro Della Monica decided to build a castle for himself and his family in Piazza ], he personally took care of any small detail. The history of the castle is the story of love, secrets, legends, and fantasies. | |||
===Convitto Nazionale=== | |||
]]] | |||
Some think that it is not the most beautiful palace in Teramo, but that it is the entire square. | |||
Majestic, stunning like a Roman monastery it is the centre of Convitto Nazionale and Liceo Classico. Built in 1934 it was the first building for the faculty of Law in Teramo in 1817 | |||
===Museo Cívico d’Arte e Pinacoteca di Teramo=== | |||
The archeological museum houses sculptures and ruins of the most ancient version of Teramo; from prehistory to the ] Age. The pinacoteca boasts a huge collection of canvas, paintings, and sculpture for permanent and stable collections. | |||
===Antico manicomio=== | |||
It was once considered the biggest psychiatric hospital of central/southern Italy. An astounding building from 1323 with a top-notch staff of doctors. Marco Levi Bianchini, one of the most accomplished men of the Italian psychiatric field and ]’s pupil throughout an epistolary correspondence, led the center. He founded the Italian Psychoanalytic Society. On the gate of the hospital there was a sign that said “Here are the few perhaps not even the real ones”. | |||
===San Domenico=== | |||
The church of San Domenico (14th century) with a fine ] with Child | |||
===Madonna delle Grazie=== | |||
] | |||
The church “fuori porta (outside of the Roman’s gates that surrounded the Urbe) is one of the most traditional of the ] relics in the town. The church along with the inner cloister was re-opened in September 1900 | |||
===Sor Paolo=== | |||
The archaeologists and the historians think it is a statue of an ancient powerful Roman patrician, the citizens of Teramo just think of him as Sor Paolo or rather ''Gnore Paule'' in dialect. It was a prude opponent of the governors’ customs. In his left-hand people used to stuff satires and letters of complaint about the city’s most powerful people. They are nowadays substituted with pieces of love poems or city Teramo teams flags. | |||
*the ], built in 1158 by bishop Guido II, in Romanesque style. It has a portal in Gothic style, finished in 1332 by the Roman master Deodato di Cosma. It houses a silver paliotto by ] (with 35 scenes of the life of Jesus) and a ] by the Venetian artist Jacobello del Fiore depicting the Incoronation of the Virgin. Annexed is a 50 m bell tower | |||
*the Romanesque church of Sant'Antonio (1127), with a fine portal. The interior, with a single nave, was renovated along Baroque lines. | |||
*the church of San Getulio, built in the early Middle Ages on the ruins of a Roman temple, finally destroyed in 1155 by the Normans. Only the presbyterium and some Romanesque elements of the original building remain today. | |||
*the church of San Domenico (14th century) with a fine Virgin with Child. | |||
*the sanctuary of the Madonna delle Grazie (also known as Chiesa di Santa Maria delle Grazie). It has a Romanesque cloister and a 15th century miraculous wooden statue of the Virgin, attributed to Silvestro dell'Aquila. | |||
*the Palazzo Vescovile ("Bishops Palace"), from the 14th century. | |||
*the remains of the Roman theatre (built about 30 BCE) and of the amphitheatre (about 3rd-4th century CE). | |||
].]] | |||
== Culture == | == Culture == | ||
An art exhibit, ''Maggio Festeggiante'', is held each May. |
An art exhibit, ''Maggio Festeggiante'', is held each May. The summer calendar of events is very rich, with the Teramo Literary Prize and the ], an international event with athletes coming from all over the world. A week in October is also dedicated to an important international photography of film show. | ||
===University of Teramo === | ===University of Teramo === | ||
]]] | |||
The ] offers 5 faculties, 24 degree courses, 35 Masters, 6 postgraduate schools and 10 departments. The entire 50,000 sq m of the Coste ] Campus holds the faculties of ], ], and ]. The University is living a strong period of internationalization through offering scholarships to students from all over of the world. Unfortunately after several years of work the University dorms are still being built. | |||
The ] offers 5 faculties, 24 degree courses, 35 Masters, 6 postgraduate schools and 10 departments. The Coste ] Campus holds the faculties of ], ], and ]. The University is living a period of internationalization through offering scholarships to students from all over of the world. | |||
===Osservatorio Collurania=== | ===Osservatorio Collurania=== | ||
It’s the clear proof of the possibility of being a scientist even far-away from the great houses of knowledge. It is a dream made reality from a Teramano of the XIX Century. The astronomer ] was able to look beyond what he had at his disposal. It was him, on the 2nd of October 1910, that discovered a new asteroid, to whom he gave the name of Interamnia. The Astronomical Observatory has a huge telescope and a wide collection of devices from the scientific instruments museum. | |||
The Observatory of Teramo was founded by ] in 1890-1891, and donated to the Italian administration in 1891. Starting from 1994, the observatory owns an 80 cm-diameter optical telescope. | |||
===Istituto Zooprofilattico sperimentale=== | |||
Founded September 2, 1941 the ““Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’] e del ] G. Caporale" (IZSAM) is one of the ten experimental institutes Zoo profilattico in ]. Its job is to inspect of the animals sanitary conditions, their health conditions, origin of the products, the veterinarian vigilance, the education, experimentation and scientific investigation, and the ambient care. | |||
== Government == | == Government == | ||
] | ] | ||
At the municipal level, the City of Teramo has a council made up of the mayor and councilmen that are elected every 5 years. In ] every citizen over 18 has the right to vote. | At the municipal level, the City of Teramo has a council made up of the mayor and councilmen that are elected every 5 years. In ] every citizen over 18 has the right to vote. | ||
The current Mayor Maurizio Brucchi was elected in June 2009, as the ex Mayor ] resigned to be proposed (and then elected) as a candidate of the ] region president. | The current Mayor Maurizio Brucchi was elected in June 2009, as the ex Mayor ] resigned to be proposed (and then elected) as a candidate of the ] region president. | ||
{| class="wikitable" border=1 cellpadding="3" | |||
==Twin towns== | |||
|- bgcolor=silver | |||
! <center>'''Mayor''' | |||
! <center>''' Party '''</center> | |||
! <center>''' Year '''</center> | |||
|- | |||
| align="left" | Gianni Chiodi | |||
| align="left" | Al centro con Chiodi | |||
| align="left" | 2004 | |||
|- | |||
| align="left" | Maurizio Brucchi | |||
| align="left" | ] | |||
| align="left" | 2009 | |||
|} | |||
===International relations=== | |||
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy}} | {{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy}} | ||
===Twin towns — Sister cities=== | |||
Teramo is ] with: | Teramo is ] with: | ||
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* {{flagicon|Montenegro}} ], ] | * {{flagicon|Montenegro}} ], ] | ||
* {{flagicon|Poland}} ], ], since 2007 | * {{flagicon|Poland}} ], ], since 2007 | ||
== Notable people == | == Notable people == | ||
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== Sport == | == Sport == | ||
=== Basket=== | === Basket=== | ||
] during a game.]] | ] during a game.]] | ||
] is a young but established basketball team playing in ], the Italian professional basketball league, from the last 7 seasons on. It ranked #3 in 2009 Italian league something that allowed the team to play the ] in 2010. Teramo has been an important launch pad for both Italian and American players such as ], ], ], ], ] and more... | ] is a young but established basketball team playing in ], the Italian professional basketball league, from the last 7 seasons on. It ranked #3 in 2009 Italian league something that allowed the team to play the ] in 2010. Teramo has been an important launch pad for both Italian and American players such as ], ], ], ], ] and more... | ||
===Football=== | ===Football=== | ||
] |
]]] | ||
] is one of the oldest football club in the history of the Italian league. Founded July 15, 1913, it has always remembered as one of the most representative and established team in the Italian Serie C. Unfortunately, on the July 15, 2008, its 95th birthday, the club under the disastrous presidency of Romano Malavolta went bankrupt due to inexplicable debts (4 million euro just in the season 2007-08). After two promotions in a row, in 2010/2011 season the team will play in ] division under a new administration to whom the supporters’ hope of reaching the professional levels in a few years are kept alive. Many famous players wore Teramo Calcio shirt in the past. We can mention ], ], ] and even though he played 1 month only, the world-champion ]. The new "Comunale stadium" hosts concerts and football matches. It has a capacity of 8,000, upgradable to 13.000 as soon as the football club achieves better results. | |||
] was founded on July 15, 1913. | |||
The new "Comunale stadium" hosts concerts and football matches. It has a capacity of 8,000. | |||
===Handball=== | ===Handball=== | ||
]]] | |||
] are two handball teams (male and female) playing in the major handball championship in Italy. The city hosts the ] every July, the handball world cup with more than 30 teams from all over the world. | ] are two handball teams (male and female) playing in the major handball championship in Italy. The city hosts the ] every July, the handball world cup with more than 30 teams from all over the world. | ||
===Other sports=== | |||
Other sports practiced in Teramo are: tennis (the city hosts an international tournament once a year), ], ] and ] with Rally of Teramo. The ''Maratonina pretuziana'' short marathon is celebrated every year. | |||
===Other sports=== | |||
Other sports practiced in Teramo are: tennis, (the city hosts an international tournament once a year) ], ] and ] with Rally of Teramo. Maratonina pretuziana is celebrated every year. It is a marathon race where many of athletes from all over the world participate. | |||
Teramo ] is the team that has won the most titles in Italy; it has also won a Champion’s league. | Teramo ] is the team that has won the most titles in Italy; it has also won a Champion’s league. | ||
== Gastronomy == | == Gastronomy == | ||
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* scrippelle - This dish is served in the throughout the Teramo province and is somewhat similar to French ], although typically made without milk. There are two common variations. The first is scrippelle 'mbusse - (dialect for scrippelle in brodo or broth) and consists of scrippelle rolled up in ] or ] cheese and served in chicken broth. A second variation is timballo - scrippelle layered with ragù, meat or tiny ] (polpettini), various cheeses such as scamorza, and sometimes peas (piselli). | * scrippelle - This dish is served in the throughout the Teramo province and is somewhat similar to French ], although typically made without milk. There are two common variations. The first is scrippelle 'mbusse - (dialect for scrippelle in brodo or broth) and consists of scrippelle rolled up in ] or ] cheese and served in chicken broth. A second variation is timballo - scrippelle layered with ragù, meat or tiny ] (polpettini), various cheeses such as scamorza, and sometimes peas (piselli). | ||
* maccheroni alla chitarra - a flat, stringlike egg pasta which takes its name from the wooden instrument, basically a wooden frame strung with fine metal wire, called a chitarra (guitar), used to cut the pasta. | * maccheroni alla chitarra - a flat, stringlike egg pasta which takes its name from the wooden instrument, basically a wooden frame strung with fine metal wire, called a chitarra (guitar), used to cut the pasta. | ||
* mazzarelle - lamb's lung and innards wrapped in beet greens or chard and braised in white wine or tomato sauce. Not for the feint of heart and not to be confused with mozzarella cheese. | * mazzarelle d'agnello - lamb's lung and innards wrapped in beet greens or chard and braised in white wine or tomato sauce. Not for the feint of heart and not to be confused with mozzarella cheese. | ||
* virtù - a vegetable soup typically prepared in May of each year to celebrate spiritual redemption and the bountiful virtues of the Earth. It is made with a wide variety of locally-grown vegetables and typically includes "annit" (a type of wild fennel). | * le virtù - a vegetable soup typically prepared in May of each year to celebrate spiritual redemption and the bountiful virtues of the Earth. It is made with a wide variety of locally-grown vegetables and typically includes "annit" (a type of wild fennel). | ||
* tacchino |
* tacchino - a dish famous in the nearby provincial town of Canzano. Made by slow baking a turkey in gelatin (and ancient method of preserving meat) and typically served cold. | ||
* vino cotto - a fortified wine, found also in the ] region, produced by slowly boiling down grape juice before fermatation and aging thus producing a sweet and rich dessert-type of wine. Consumed both straight up and in cooking. | * vino cotto - a fortified wine, found also in the ] region, produced by slowly boiling down grape juice before fermatation and aging thus producing a sweet and rich dessert-type of wine. Consumed both straight up and in cooking. | ||
* |
* caggiunitti - deep fried almond fritters typically made with chocolate and almonds. | ||
Teramo is also home to Torrefazione Adriatica, S.p.A., founded in 1942 and manufacturer of Marcafe, one of the most important brands of coffee in Italy. | Teramo is also home to Torrefazione Adriatica, S.p.A., founded in 1942 and manufacturer of Marcafe, one of the most important brands of coffee in Italy. | ||
] | |||
==Transportation== | |||
==City connection and Tourism== | |||
Teramo is located 150 km away from ], to which it is connected through the A24 highway called Teramo-]. | |||
] | |||
By railways, Teramo is connected with ]. | |||
] ski slopes in Teramo]] | |||
*Teramo resides 90 miles (150 km) away from ]. It is connected to the capital of Italy through the A24 highway called Teramo-] | |||
*The public transportation to reach Teramo from ] leaves from Tiburtina Station and it is a only bus-connection. It is hardly possible to reach Rome by the railways in the whole ] region. | |||
*By railways, Teramo is connected with ] and after a fast change in the near station of ], it is possible to reach cities like ], ], ], ] and ]. | |||
*The nearest airport is the “]”. It resides 40 miles (65 km) away from the city center and it is connected to the city through highway A14 in less than 1 hour by car. | |||
*The majestic Shrine of ] is one of the most visited sanctuaries in ]. It is 20 miles away from the city center and it is connected through highway A24 (Teramo-]) | |||
*] is one of the most beautiful villages in Italy. It is reachable within 15 minutes driving distance through SS24 route. | |||
*] is a village 25 miles away (40 km) from Teramo. It is best known for its, unique in the world, ]s. | |||
*The nearest ] ski resorts and slopes are 25 miles away (40 km) (], ]). They are reachable by SS 80 route in about 25 minutes. | |||
== Other == | |||
*In XVIII century Teramo was dubbed by ] “The Athens in the Kingdom” due to the numerous presence of intellectuals in the city. | |||
The nearest airport is the “]”. It is 65 km away from the city center and it is connected to the city through highway A14. | |||
*In 1889 Teramo was nominated by ] “A city open to the world” owing to the aptitude of integration and cultural exchanges. | |||
*] (the basketball centre) dome is the biggest in the world. Bigger than the one of Pantheon in ] and ]. | |||
*Teramo is currently a work in progress. The city is having a lot of infrastructure being build such as a modern theatre, a ring road, an underground museum in Piazza Garibaldi and a new basketball centre. | |||
*According to recent statics Teramo, considering the population, is the city that has more gym centers in all of ]. | |||
*In 2005 the Italian Ministry of Health found that Teramo, along with ], had the best ] to be found in ]. | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
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Revision as of 14:15, 22 February 2011
Comune in Abruzzo, ItalyTeramo | |
---|---|
Comune | |
Città di Teramo | |
Teramo | |
Location of Teramo | |
Country | Italy |
Region | Abruzzo |
Province | Teramo (TE) |
Frazioni | See list |
Government | |
• Mayor | Maurizio Brucchi (since June, 2009) |
Area | |
• Total | 151.88 km (58.64 sq mi) |
Elevation | 265 m (869 ft) |
Population | |
• Total | 55,106 |
• Density | 360/km (940/sq mi) |
Demonym | Teramani |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Postal code | 64100 |
Dialing code | 0861 |
Patron saint | Saint Berardo |
Saint day | December 19 |
Website | Official website |
Teramo listen is a city and comune in the central Italian region of Abruzzo, the capital of the province of Teramo.
The city, 150 kilometres (93 mi) from Rome, is situated between the highest mountains of the Apennines (Gran Sasso d’Italia) and the Adriatic coast. It is indeed one of the few places where you can reach, both the sunny beaches of the Adriatic sea and the 3,000 metres (9,800 ft) covered by snow Gran Sasso peaks, in less than half an hour from the city centre. The town is by the confluence of the Vezzola and Tordino rivers.
The economy of the town is mostly based on activities connected with agriculture and commerce, as well as a sound industrial sector: textiles, foods, engineering, building materials and ceramics. Teramo can easily be reached from the A14 autostrada and in one and a half hours by car from Rome via the A24 autostrada.
Climate
The climate is fresh-temperate. In the coolest month (January) temperatures average 5.5°C, and in the warmest month (July) they average 24°C. In the winter time though they can experience copious amounts of snowfall, as in 2005. The precipitations are not frequent and mostly concentrated in late spring. The summers are characterized by days of somewhat intense heat.
Climate data for Teramo (2007) | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Source: National Weather Service |
The name
Interamna (Greek: Template:Polytonic: Eth. Interamnas, Interamnātis), was the name of several cities in different parts of Italy. Its etymology, already pointed out by Varro and Festus, indicates their position at the confluence of two streams. The form "Interamnium" (Greek: Template:Polytonic), and the ethnic form Interamnis, are also found, but more rarely. The name referred to the two rivers Vezzola and Tordino, between which it lies.
The name is already corrupted in extant manuscripts of the Liber Coloniarum into Teramne, whence its modern form of Teramo. But in the Middle Ages it appears to have been known also by the name of Aprutium, supposed to be a corruption of Praetutium, or rather of the name of the people Praetutii, applied (as was so often the case in Gaul) to their chief city. Thus the name Abrutium is present among the cities of Picenum enumerated by the Geographer of Ravenna (iv. 31); and under the Lombards a comes Aprutii is mentioned. The name has been retained in that of Abruzzo, now a region of Italy.
History
Pre Roman Age: From VII to V Century BC
Teramo has very ancient origins. The settlement of the I BC millennium along with some buildings of the Ancient people of Italy were the object of very recent archaeological excavations. The most ancient historical remains were found in the outskirts of the city, precisely, in the neighborhood Madonna della Cona, where, among many, a burial place with a dagger and a halberd were found. Allegedly, the development of the of the old settlement was due to the commercial center founded by the Etruscan and Phoenician civilization.
The Praetutii (The ancient people of Teramo)
According to the Roman author Sextus Julius Frontinus, the ancient Perut or Pretut ( hill surrounded by waters) strongly developed in dimensions and importance until it became the capital of Praetutium and Conciliabulum where the Praetutii people lived.
Roman age
- 295 BC In the battle of Sentino, The Romans defy the Italian confederation (Sabellians, Etrusci, Umbri and their allies Gauls). With this battle the Samnite Wars begin.
- 290 BC The Sabine area along with the Praetutii’s region is occupied by the legions sent by the consul general Manius Curius Dentatus.
The city takes its latin name of Interamnia Preatuttorium ( City of the Preaetutii between two rivers) allegedly simple translation of the toponym “Petrut”. During the Age of Augustus Intermania is included in the fifth district: The Picenum (the VI district was Umbria and the IV was Samnium). The area of the current province is divided from south to north in Ager Hatrianus, Ager Praetutianus and Ager Palmense. During this period Interamnia is:
- Conciliabulum: Place of meeting and market
- Praefectura iure dicundo
- Municipium, after the 2nd social war
- Sulla's colony. In this period the city loses the status of Municipium because of the participation of Lucius Cornelius Sulla in the Social war (91-88 B.c.), but the city will subsequently regain it for expressed will of Julius Caesar.
- During the Roman age, thanks to its nearness to the capital of the empire, the city lives a very prosperous and favorable moment as the numerous mosaics, theater, thermal baths and the amphitheater remains evidence. As historians like Ptolemy, Livy and Pliny remember, the city reached its best period under the emperor Hadrian, with the constructions of the temples dedicated to Mars and Apollo.
The Goths and the Byzantines
A first destruction of the city in the year 410 by the Visigoths under Alaric I is testified. Even though the information about this age is very uncertain, it is said that the presence of the Goths in Interamnia are active until 552-554 A.d. Right after the Gothic War, the city is a possession of the Byzantine empire. Teramo is then anew included in the Marchia Firmana, under the Greek Esarcato of Ravenna. The city is now governed by a count of the Marchia Firmana.
Century XII (1101-1200)
- 1129 After the Longobards invasion in Abruzzo, the city becomes territory of the Normans settled in the duchy of Apulia.
- 1140 Teramo is possession of Roger II of Sicily, the first king of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.
- 1153 A not well-identified subject called Teodin, helps build the church and the cloister of Sant’Angelo delle Donne; subsequently it will take the name of Madonna Delle Grazie.
- Teramo is destroyed by the Norman army of Robert di Loretillo. Only the tower of Piazza Sant’Anna was saved from this sack; from this moment on it will be called Torre Bruciata (burnt tower).
- 1176 The Romanesque construction of the Duomo of Teramo is completed.
Century XIII (1201-1300) “Age of Freedom”
- 1268 End of Suebi dominion and beginning of the one of the House of Anjou.
Century XIV (1301-1400)
During the House of Anjou dominion, Teramo is subjected to a new period of majesty and prosperity: the ecclesiastical authority of the Aprutina Diocese, led by the bishops Rainaldo Acquaviva, Niccolò degli Arcioni (1317), Stefano da Teramo (1335) and Pietro di Valle (1366) gives new life to the city. This is witnessed by the construction of beautiful castles, churches, cloisters and palaces along with the great privilege granted by the sovereigns. The city changes its architectural face, both in the old district and the new. It turns into a frontier city and in the very sense of the word, it is named Gate of the Reigns.
Century XV (1401-1500)
- Period defined by the struggles between the most important families of the city (De Valle and Melatino). The exemplary hanging of 13 followers of Melatino’s family is still remembered in a stone shield in the very center of the city. The monument represents two heads with their tongues out under the writing “A lo parlare agi mesura” (mind what you say).
- During the first years of the century, the tyrant Antonello de Valle is assassinated and therefore his beautiful castle, which was located in a square known nowadays as Piazza Garibaldi, is demolished. The legend says that the belligerence between the families ended thanks to the women of the city who proclaimed a strike of affection. Despite the internal struggles, the city lives a very developed cultural period. Artists like Jacobello del Fiore and Nicola da Guardiagrele give pearls of beauty to the city and the commercial relationship with Tuscany and Venice turns Teramo into a cultural shrine.
- In June 1442, the Kingdom of Naples is property of Alfonso V, King of Aragon.
Century XVI (1501-1600)
- 1504 The kingdom of Naples passes to Ferdinand II of Aragon, king of Spain. This begins the Spanish dominion to Abruzzo and all of Southern Italy.
- After the death of Ferdinand II, Charles II of Spain is the new king, and Teramo is sold to the Duque of Atri for 40.000 ducats. Because of this, the people of Teramo strongly rebel. It is indeed said that among the night from the 17th to the 18th of November 1521, the troops of the Duke who were surrounding the city fled scared by the vision of the Virgin Mother with Saint Berardo defending the city. The miracle of Saint Berardo, patron saint of the city was born.
Century XVII (1601-1700)
- 1626 Teramo is struck by an earthquake
- 1630 A black plague spread from Milan hits the city
Century XVIII (1701-1800)
- 1707 After of the War of the Spanish Succession, the House of Hasburg has the domain of the whole Kingdom of the Two Sicilies for 27 years.
- 1744 German invasion and the beginning of a new movement based on the Age of Enlightenment philosophy in Teramo. It is led by several intellectuals, among which outshines Melchiorre Delfico, a notable poet, composer and Italian philosopher.
- 1798 The french troops enter Teramo. Even though they are initially sacked by the citizens, they come back a few days later, ruthless destroying the whole city.
Century XIX (1801-1900)
- The 15th of March 1806 Napoleon defeats the troops of Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies. Teramo is officially a french possession.
- 1815 The city is once again, possession of the Kingdom of Naples
- 1832 Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies pays its first visit to the city
- 1844 Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies pays its second visit to the city
- 1847 Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies pays its third visit to the city
- 1890 the Astronomy Observatory of Collurania is founded
Contemporary age
- 1925 The first Italian Psychoanalytic Society is founded in Teramo.
- 1934 The beautiful palace of Convitto Nazionale and Melchiorre Delfico library is completed and inaugurated in the square that will be entitled to Dante Alighieri
- 1941 Foundation of Zoo Profillatico Sperimentale Institute
- 25th of June 1943 The German troops arrive in Teramo and proceed to Bosco Martese where they fight against the men of Resistance movement of Teramo. The episode will be remembered as “Bosco Martese battle”
- 1972 First edition of Interamnia World Cup (still in progress)
- 30 of June1985 Official visit of Pope John Paul II
- 1989 Teramo is nominated by Unicef “A city open to the world”
- June 1991 Cardinal, Joseph Ratzinger leads in the University of Teramo on a historic Congress called “Capitalism and Social Rights”
- 1993 Official foundation of the University of Teramo.
- 15 of September 2005 Official visit of the President of the Italian Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi.
- 22nd of November 2008 Official visit of the Prime Minister Silvio Berlusconi
- April 2009 Even though the tremors are strongly felt in the city, Teramo is not damaged by L’Aquila Earthquake.
- 16 of December 2009 The city and the province of Teramo sign a protocol of friendship and cooperation with the provincial council of Ávila in Spain.
Main sights
Roman Theatre
The Roman theatre was built at the beginning of the II century, under the rule of the emperor Hadrian. The theatre is merely a stone’s throw away from the Duomo of Teramo. The walls are 10 ft (3.05 m) long and are a testimony of how big the theatre was when its capacity was 3.000 spectators. Since the fall of Rome, the building materials were used in other projects. In 1918 its ruins were found and in 2007 the rebuilding project was designed. After the demolition of Palazzo Adamoli planned for 2011, the theatre will rediscover its first glory. The masterpiece was described through the poetic lines of famous poet Gabriele D’Annunzio. He said “The remains of the theatre of Interamnia proves its ancient Roman majesty”.
Roman Amphitheater
Even though it is sure that the 700 ft (213.36 m) wide building was a site of urban interest, there is no proof that the great amphitheater of Teramo was the center of the first Christians’ martyrdom. It is believed that in the Middle Age it was used as a castle or a fortress to protect the city. The legend tells that a beautiful Spanish lady had the mission of killing the men who had loved her the night before. She stole their souls immediately after, so no-one would have evidence of the passion of her nights.
Casa Urbani
It is one of the most interesting houses still remaining from the Teramo of the Middle Age. Built by Normand Count from Loretello right after the siege, but prior to the fire that burn the city in the middle of the XII century.
Casa del Mutilato
The old “Church della Misericordia” (now Casa del Mutilato) was built as a consequence of the pestilence in 1348, and was reorganized in 1928. It was very relevant the fresco of Giacomo da Campli (century XV). In 1514 it hosted the queen Joan II of Naples, she went there to admire a precious crucifix that was said to contain a thorn from the crown of Jesus Christ
Spirito Santo
The church of the XIV century was connected with the church of “Santo Spirito in Saxia” in Rome. Something about it was reminiscent of the presence of the cross of Constantine. It was the centre of a hospital and of a brotherhood interested in the burial of the dead. It perfectly characterizes the elements of the Teramo of the Middle Age.
Mosaico del leone
It is by far the symbol of the archeological history of Teramo. Found in 1891 during the construction of the grand Palazzo Savini, the mosaic underwent centuries of dampness. However, due to the impeccable work of restoration specialists it still is a perfect representation of the works of urban archeology. The beauty of the masterpiece proves that a long time ago the city had an important tradition and a real school for the masters of mosaic. Today you can still meet young craftsmen who are studying the art of mosaic according to the rules of the ancient Rome masters.
San Getulio
The church of San Getulio, built in the early Middle Ages on the ruins of a Roman temple, finally destroyed in 1155 by the Normans. Only the presbytery and some Romanesque elements remain of the original building.
Duomo
The Basilica Cathedral of Santa Marria Assunta and Saint Berardo is the most important piece of art in Teramo. The construction began in 1158 under the wish of the bishop Guido II, because he was eager to have a new location for San Berardo da Pagliara memorabilia. It was consecrated and completed in 1176. Most of the material used to build was taken from the theater and the Roman amphitheater. The tower built in XI and XII centuries has three bells and it is 165 ft (50.29 m) long. Anther relevant masterpiece is the silver canopy of Nicola da Guardiagrele, which took 15 years to build it (from 1433 to 1448). Since September 8, 2007, it is now possible to visit the subterranean crypt of Saint Berardo da Pagliara, the patron saint of Teramo.
Vescovato
It was most likely erected in 1374 with columns of stones and travertine from Civitella del Tronto. It still is the residence of the bishop and the main offices of the Aprutina administration. It is the same bishop that every year among the Thursday and Good Friday night leads an extraordinary nightly procession. The tradition tells that the Virgin Mother, who is not in mourning yet, wanders from church to church looking for his son. If in the desperate search, the virgin runs into the rain, she takes shelter in the nearest church where she will have to stay until the next night of the forthcoming year. Although the procession leaves at 4am, it is a rite that keeps on attracting thousands of faithful in the Easter of Teramo.
Piazza Sant’Anna
It’s a square in the old part of the city with a stunning church. It has recently been object of studying owing to the remains found belonging to the old Torre Bruciata and to a Roman Domus of the II century B.c.
Sant'Antonio
The Romanesque church of Sant'Antonio (1127), with a fine portal. The interior, with a single nave, was renovated along Baroque lines.
Castello della Monica
It is a dream come true. The dream of a man, an artist, who wanted to keep up with the changing style of the great cities in the XIX century through the “gothic revival”. Don Gennaro Della Monica decided to build a castle for himself and his family in Piazza Garibaldi, he personally took care of any small detail. The history of the castle is the story of love, secrets, legends, and fantasies.
Convitto Nazionale
Some think that it is not the most beautiful palace in Teramo, but that it is the entire square. Majestic, stunning like a Roman monastery it is the centre of Convitto Nazionale and Liceo Classico. Built in 1934 it was the first building for the faculty of Law in Teramo in 1817
Museo Cívico d’Arte e Pinacoteca di Teramo
The archeological museum houses sculptures and ruins of the most ancient version of Teramo; from prehistory to the Roman Empire Age. The pinacoteca boasts a huge collection of canvas, paintings, and sculpture for permanent and stable collections.
Antico manicomio
It was once considered the biggest psychiatric hospital of central/southern Italy. An astounding building from 1323 with a top-notch staff of doctors. Marco Levi Bianchini, one of the most accomplished men of the Italian psychiatric field and Freud’s pupil throughout an epistolary correspondence, led the center. He founded the Italian Psychoanalytic Society. On the gate of the hospital there was a sign that said “Here are the few perhaps not even the real ones”.
San Domenico
The church of San Domenico (14th century) with a fine Virgin with Child
Madonna delle Grazie
The church “fuori porta (outside of the Roman’s gates that surrounded the Urbe) is one of the most traditional of the Christianity relics in the town. The church along with the inner cloister was re-opened in September 1900
Sor Paolo
The archaeologists and the historians think it is a statue of an ancient powerful Roman patrician, the citizens of Teramo just think of him as Sor Paolo or rather Gnore Paule in dialect. It was a prude opponent of the governors’ customs. In his left-hand people used to stuff satires and letters of complaint about the city’s most powerful people. They are nowadays substituted with pieces of love poems or city Teramo teams flags.
Culture
An art exhibit, Maggio Festeggiante, is held each May. The summer calendar of events is very rich, with the Teramo Literary Prize and the Interamnia World Cup, an international event with athletes coming from all over the world. A week in October is also dedicated to an important international photography of film show.
University of Teramo
The University of Teramo offers 5 faculties, 24 degree courses, 35 Masters, 6 postgraduate schools and 10 departments. The entire 50,000 sq m of the Coste Sant'Agostino Campus holds the faculties of Law, Communication Sciences, and Political Science. The University is living a strong period of internationalization through offering scholarships to students from all over of the world. Unfortunately after several years of work the University dorms are still being built.
Osservatorio Collurania
It’s the clear proof of the possibility of being a scientist even far-away from the great houses of knowledge. It is a dream made reality from a Teramano of the XIX Century. The astronomer Vincenzo Cerulli was able to look beyond what he had at his disposal. It was him, on the 2nd of October 1910, that discovered a new asteroid, to whom he gave the name of Interamnia. The Astronomical Observatory has a huge telescope and a wide collection of devices from the scientific instruments museum.
Istituto Zooprofilattico sperimentale
Founded September 2, 1941 the ““Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale" (IZSAM) is one of the ten experimental institutes Zoo profilattico in Italy. Its job is to inspect of the animals sanitary conditions, their health conditions, origin of the products, the veterinarian vigilance, the education, experimentation and scientific investigation, and the ambient care.
Government
At the municipal level, the City of Teramo has a council made up of the mayor and councilmen that are elected every 5 years. In Italy every citizen over 18 has the right to vote.
The current Mayor Maurizio Brucchi was elected in June 2009, as the ex Mayor Gianni Chiodi resigned to be proposed (and then elected) as a candidate of the Abruzzo region president.
Gianni Chiodi | Al centro con Chiodi | 2004 |
Maurizio Brucchi | The People of Freedom | 2009 |
International relations
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in ItalyTwin towns — Sister cities
Teramo is twinned with:
- Ribeirão Preto, Brazil, since 2005
- Prague, Czech Republic
- Strovolos, Cyprus
- Memmingen, Germany
- Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Berane, Montenegro
- Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland, since 2007
Notable people
People born in or around Teramo include:
- Berardo da Pagliara, (?-1123), bishop and patron saint of the city and diocese
- Melchiorre Delfico, (1744–1835), Enlightenment philosopher
- Melchiorre Delfico, (1825-1895), caricaturist
- Giacinto Pannella, (1847–1927), author
- Vincenzo Cerulli (1859–1927), astronomer
- Ivan Graziani, (1945–1997), singer-songwriter
- Marco Pannella (1930-now), europolitician
- Francesco Possenti, (1838–1861), also known as Saint Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows. Patron saint of Abruzzo
- Marco Reginelli, (1897–1956) underworld boss
- Felice Centofanti, (1969–present), a former soccer player
- Marco Mordente, (1979–present), Basketball player
- Gianni Di Venanzo, (1920–1966), cinematographer
Neighborhoods of Teramo
- Il Castello
- Colleparco
- Gammarana
- Madonna della Cona
- San Berardo
- San Benedetto
- San Leonardo
- Santa Maria a Bitetto
- Santo Spirito
- Villa Mosca
- Villa Pavone
- Piano della Lenta
- Colleatterrato
Frazioni
Cannelli, Caprafico, Castagneto, Castrogno, Cavuccio, Cerreto, Chiareto, Colle Caruno, Colleatterrato Alto, Colleminuccio, Colle Santa Maria, Forcella (located about 11 kilometers from Teramo and dominating the Vomano Valley, Frondarola, Galeotti, Garrano, Garrano Basso, Magnanella, Miano, Monticelli, Nepezzano, Pantaneto, Poggio Cono, Piano D'Accio, Piano della Lenta, Poggio San Vittorino, Ponzano, Putignano, Rapino, Rocciano, Rupo, Sardinara, Saccoccia, San Nicolò a Tordino (important industrial zone located along the axis joining Teramo to the sea), San Pietro ad Lacum, Sant'Atto, Scapriano, Sciusciano, Sorrenti, Spiano, Tofo Sant'Eleuterio, Tordinia, Turri, Valle San Giovanni, Valle Soprana, Varano, Villa Falchini, Villa Gesso, Villa Ripa, Villa Romita, Villa Stanghieri, Villa Taraschi, Villa Viola, Villa Vomano (located in the Vomano valley and an important link to the autostrada).
Sport
Basket
Teramo Basket is a young but established basketball team playing in Serie A, the Italian professional basketball league, from the last 7 seasons on. It ranked #3 in 2009 Italian league something that allowed the team to play the Eurocup in 2010. Teramo has been an important launch pad for both Italian and American players such as Bobby Jones, Clay Tucker, Jaycee Carroll, Roger Powell, Hassan Adams and more...
Football
Teramo Calcio is one of the oldest football club in the history of the Italian league. Founded July 15, 1913, it has always remembered as one of the most representative and established team in the Italian Serie C. Unfortunately, on the July 15, 2008, its 95th birthday, the club under the disastrous presidency of Romano Malavolta went bankrupt due to inexplicable debts (4 million euro just in the season 2007-08). After two promotions in a row, in 2010/2011 season the team will play in Serie D division under a new administration to whom the supporters’ hope of reaching the professional levels in a few years are kept alive. Many famous players wore Teramo Calcio shirt in the past. We can mention Enrico Chiesa, Julio César de León, Simone Pepe and even though he played 1 month only, the world-champion Fabio Grosso. The new "Comunale stadium" hosts concerts and football matches. It has a capacity of 8,000, upgradable to 13.000 as soon as the football club achieves better results.
Handball
H.C. Teramo Handball are two handball teams (male and female) playing in the major handball championship in Italy. The city hosts the Interamnia World Cup every July, the handball world cup with more than 30 teams from all over the world.
Other sports
Other sports practiced in Teramo are: tennis, (the city hosts an international tournament once a year) rugby, water polo and rallying with Rally of Teramo. Maratonina pretuziana is celebrated every year. It is a marathon race where many of athletes from all over the world participate. Teramo torball is the team that has won the most titles in Italy; it has also won a Champion’s league.
Gastronomy
The provincial Teramo gastronomy is known for its variety and richness. Typical ingredients include agnello (lamb), peperoncino (hot pepper), formaggio pecorino (sheep milk cheeses), and slow roasted pork. Common wines are the renowned Montepulciano and Trebbiano d'Abruzzo.
Typical dishes from Teramo and the surrounding communities include the following:
- scrippelle - This dish is served in the throughout the Teramo province and is somewhat similar to French crepes, although typically made without milk. There are two common variations. The first is scrippelle 'mbusse - (dialect for scrippelle in brodo or broth) and consists of scrippelle rolled up in Pecorino or Parmesan cheese and served in chicken broth. A second variation is timballo - scrippelle layered with ragù, meat or tiny meatballs (polpettini), various cheeses such as scamorza, and sometimes peas (piselli).
- maccheroni alla chitarra - a flat, stringlike egg pasta which takes its name from the wooden instrument, basically a wooden frame strung with fine metal wire, called a chitarra (guitar), used to cut the pasta.
- mazzarelle d'agnello - lamb's lung and innards wrapped in beet greens or chard and braised in white wine or tomato sauce. Not for the feint of heart and not to be confused with mozzarella cheese.
- le virtù - a vegetable soup typically prepared in May of each year to celebrate spiritual redemption and the bountiful virtues of the Earth. It is made with a wide variety of locally-grown vegetables and typically includes "annit" (a type of wild fennel).
- tacchino - a dish famous in the nearby provincial town of Canzano. Made by slow baking a turkey in gelatin (and ancient method of preserving meat) and typically served cold.
- vino cotto - a fortified wine, found also in the Marche region, produced by slowly boiling down grape juice before fermatation and aging thus producing a sweet and rich dessert-type of wine. Consumed both straight up and in cooking.
- caggiunitti - deep fried almond fritters typically made with chocolate and almonds.
Teramo is also home to Torrefazione Adriatica, S.p.A., founded in 1942 and manufacturer of Marcafe, one of the most important brands of coffee in Italy.
City connection and Tourism
- Teramo resides 90 miles (150 km) away from Rome. It is connected to the capital of Italy through the A24 highway called Teramo-Rome
- The public transportation to reach Teramo from Rome leaves from Tiburtina Station and it is a only bus-connection. It is hardly possible to reach Rome by the railways in the whole Abruzzo region.
- By railways, Teramo is connected with Pescara and after a fast change in the near station of Giulianova, it is possible to reach cities like Milan, Bologna, Bari, Venice and Turin.
- The nearest airport is the “Abruzzo Airport”. It resides 40 miles (65 km) away from the city center and it is connected to the city through highway A14 in less than 1 hour by car.
- The majestic Shrine of Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows is one of the most visited sanctuaries in Italy. It is 20 miles away from the city center and it is connected through highway A24 (Teramo-Rome)
- Civitella del Tronto is one of the most beautiful villages in Italy. It is reachable within 15 minutes driving distance through SS24 route.
- Castelli is a village 25 miles away (40 km) from Teramo. It is best known for its, unique in the world, maiolicas.
- The nearest Gran Sasso ski resorts and slopes are 25 miles away (40 km) (Prato Selva, Prati di Tivo). They are reachable by SS 80 route in about 25 minutes.
Other
- In XVIII century Teramo was dubbed by Sir John Acton “The Athens in the Kingdom” due to the numerous presence of intellectuals in the city.
- In 1889 Teramo was nominated by Unicef “A city open to the world” owing to the aptitude of integration and cultural exchanges.
- PalaScapriano (the basketball centre) dome is the biggest in the world. Bigger than the one of Pantheon in Rome and Florence Cathedral’s.
- Teramo is currently a work in progress. The city is having a lot of infrastructure being build such as a modern theatre, a ring road, an underground museum in Piazza Garibaldi and a new basketball centre.
- According to recent statics Teramo, considering the population, is the city that has more gym centers in all of Italy.
- In 2005 the Italian Ministry of Health found that Teramo, along with Rome, had the best drinking water to be found in Italy.
References
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.
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- Notes
- "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018". Italian National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 16 March 2019.
- "inter amnes", Varro L. L. v.28, Fest. v. Amnes, p. 17, Müll.
External links
- Abruzzo region
- Abruzzo and Molise Sperimental Institute Zooprofilattico "G.Caporale"
- Abruzzo 2000: Comune of Teramo
- Inside Abruzzo: Insider Tips Uncovered
- Interamnia World Cup
- "La Città - Teramo News Magazine"
- Municipality of Teramo
- Museum of Teramo Pinacoteca Civica
- Provincial Library Melchiorre Delfico
- St Gabriel's Sanctuary
- Teramo, a city open to the world
- Teramo Aerial view Map
- Teramo Astronomical Observatory Collurania
- Teramo Archaeological Museum
- Teramo Basket
- Teramo Beaches Webacam
- Teramo City Webcam
- Teramo Forecast
- Teramo GoogleEarth
- Teramo Handball
- Teramo Mountains Webcam
- Teramo Museum of Physics and Astrophysics "Galileum"
- Teramo Province
- Teramo Wikitravel Site
- University of Teramo
- WebSite with Weather, Tourism and Photo