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The murder of Koby Mandell and Yosef Ishran occurred on May 8, 2001, when two Jewish teenagers, Yaakov "Koby" Mandell and Yosef Ishran, were killed on the outskirts of the Israeli settlement of Tekoa in the West Bank, where they lived with their families. The identity of the killers has never been confirmed, though a number of sources assumed that Palestinian militants were responsible. An anonymous caller claiming to represent a Palestinian militant group called "Hizbullah-Palestine" called several agencies claiming responsibility.

Koby Mandell was an Israeli-American, his family having emigrated from the United States to Israel in 1996, and the murders resulted in legislation by the U.S. Congress aimed at strengthening the U.S. response to the killing of Americans overseas. Also in response to his death, Koby's parents set up the Koby Mandell Foundation to provide support for families bereaved by terrorist attacks.

Disappearance and discovery

Koby Mandell and Yosef Ishran were two Israeli teens, 13 and 14 years old. Koby was a citizen of both United States and Israel. The boys lived and attended school in the Israeli settlement of Tekoa, in the West Bank, where they lived with their families.

On May 8, 2001, the boys skipped school and went hiking in the Judean Desert surrounding their village. At first, their parents did not worry about the boys. They believed that they had gone to school, and then to Jerusalem to attend a demonstration. But when the boys did not come home by midnight, their parents informed the authorities.

The bodies of two boys were discovered the next morning in a cave near the West Bank settlement where they lived. USA Today reported that, according to the police, both boys had "been bound, stabbed and beaten to death with rocks". USA Today continued, "The walls of the cave in the Judean Desert were covered with the boys' blood, reportedly smeared there by the killers". CNN and Irish Independent reported that "Israel's Channel Two TV said police believed there were at least three assailants who dipped their hands into the boys' blood after the killing and smeared it on the walls of the cave."

Miro Cohen, a sheep farmer described the scene to Time magazine reporter: "A rock the size of a computer rested on Kobi's smashed skull. Both bodies were covered with stones. Blood smeared the walls, and the dirt floor was muddy with it." The bodies were so badly mutilated and disfigured that dental records had to be used for positive identification.

The police could not determine whether the boys had been killed outside the cave, or if their bodies were deposited in the cave after the murders. After forensic examination, the bodies, together with blood-stained rocks, were taken out of the cave.

The boys' funeral was attended by thousands of people.

Responsibility

In the immediate aftermath of the attack, an anonymous caller claiming to represent a Palestinian militant group called "Hizbullah-Palestine" called several agencies claiming responsibility. The caller said the boys were killed as revenge for the death of a four-month-old Palestinian baby, Iman Hiju, who the previous Monday had become the youngest victim of violence when she was killed by an Israeli tank shell. (Ariel Sharon had later issued an apology for the death, stressing that the "soldiers did not intend to kill her").

Israeli police were initially reported to have made conflicting statements about the stoning murder case. They were reported variously as stating that thieves, who stole 100 goats from Tekoa the same night, may have been responsible; that there was no clear link between the two crimes; and that there was no link. One police commander however expressed the view that there was "no doubt" the murders were committed "for nationalistic reasons". Police considered the killings to have mostly likely been opportunistic rather than planned. They arrested 20 Palestinians from nearby villages and imposed curfews and roadblocks in response to the attack.

According to several books on terrorism published later, Palestinian militant groups Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine and/or a Palestinian "splinter group" Hizbullah-Palestine" were responsible for the attack. In 2008, journalist Caroline Glick stated that "Bedouin shepherds" are suspects in the crime. Another source blames "a Palestinian mob". According to a 2004 U.S. Congressional report, there was never a "meaningful investigation or prosecution" of the case, and apparently, the perpetrators have yet to be apprehended. Most sources simply blame unidentified Palestinian terrorists.

Reactions

The Israeli government condemned the killings. Ariel Sharon blamed the murder on the Palestinian Authority. Sharon said that Palestinian security forces do nothing to stop terrorists from murdering innocent civilians. He said that Palestinian TV was promoting violence by "by broadcasting music videos filled with images of children throwing stones."

The Palestinian Authority condemned the killings. A spokesman for the Authority, Saeb Erekat said, "The Palestinian Authority regrets the loss of life of these two boys and all children, be it Israeli or Palestinian, Jewish, Muslim or Christian." He added, that killing civilians on either side of the ongoing conflict is a crime, and that "the short way for peace and stability is finishing the Israeli occupation."

Yasser Arafat, President of the Palestinian National Authority, responded by blaming Israel for "victimizing Palestinian children". He cited the case of a three-month old Palestinian girl, Reema Ahmed, who was wounded by gunfire the previous Wednesday during an Israeli attack on a Palestinian refugee camp.

Shlomo Riskin, a rabbi from Efrat, saw "a profound distinction" between "Israel and its enemies":

f a child is killed by Israel, it is in an act of defense directed at a building where shots were fired at soldiers. In the case of Kobi and Yossi and Shalhevet, the enemy picked out innocent children to destroy them.

U.S. State Department spokesman Richard Boucher called the killings of the Israeli boys "horrible, brutal." Pope John Paul II, speaking in Malta, said he was saddened by "news from the Holy Land of terrible violence even against innocent young people."

Koby Mandell Act

As a result of the murder, several legislators introduced the Koby Mandell Act, which reprimanded the State Department for, as it said, not doing enough about Palestinian terrorists who had harmed American citizens, and which would create an Office of Justice for Victims of Overseas Terrorism in the Department of Justice. The legislation was spearheaded by Morton Klein's Zionist Organization of America but was not a priority of other Jewish groups, who said that it did more to reprimand the State Department rather than support counter-terrorism: by targeting only Palestinian terrorists, they said, it was too narrow in its scope and would not, for example, have been able to deal with the murder of Daniel Pearl. The provisions of the law which created the office were eventually incorporated into a 2004 omnibus spending bill.

The Koby Mandell Foundation and comedy show

The mission of the Koby Mandell Foundation, set up by his parents Seth and Sherri Mandell, is to "work to bridge the isolation that bereaved children and adults are struck with after the loss of a loved one." Leonard A. Cole, in his book Terror: how Israel has coped and what America can learn, writes that Koby's parents are determined "to take the cruelty of Koby's murder and transform it into kindness." Both Seth and Sherri Mandell reject responding to violence with violence. Seth Mandell says that "Throwing stones at Arab houses makes us as bad as the Arabs, and is not an intelligent response." Urging against the violence he says: "There’s plenty of stuff that can be done that is non-violent and makes a point." Sherri Mandell says that "Revenge, to her, means they have won".

Koby's parents also organized comedy shows to commemorate the memory of their son, who they say loved jokes.

References

1. ^ Margot Dudkevitch, Herb Keinon, Janine Zacharia,Itim (May 10, 2001). "Terrorists murder teens near Tekoa. Sharon demands PA halt terror". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 11 March 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
2. ^ Matthew Kalman (6/20/2001). "Two Israeli teenagers stoned to death". USA Today. Retrieved 24 March 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
3. ^ "Two Israeli boys found bludgeoned to death". guardian.co.uk. May 9, 2001. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
4. "Seven hurt in Gaza gunbattle". CNN. 10 May 2001. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
5. Phil Reeves in Tekoa. "'Get tough' call to Sharon as Jewish boys stoned to death". Irish Independent. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
6. Matt Rees With Reporting By Aharon Klein/Tekoa (21 May 2001). "The Terrible Tide Of Blood". Time (magazine). Retrieved 11 March 2011.
7. ^ Matthew Kalman (6/20/2001). "Stoning to Death' of Israeli Youths Fuels Tension". ABC News. Retrieved 11 March 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
8. ^ "Israeli teenagers stoned to death". Daily Mail. 9 May 2001. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
9. ^ JOEL GREENBERG (10 May 2001). "2 Jewish Teenagers Are Beaten to Death in the West Bank". New York Times. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
10. Barry M. Rubin and Judith Colp Rubin (December 31, 2007). Chronologies of modern terrorism. M.E. Sharpe. p. 219. ISBN 978-0765620477. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
11. Harvey W. Kushner (December 4, 2002). Encyclopedia of terrorism. SAGE Publications. p. 467. ISBN 978-0761924081. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
12. Tatah Mentan (Oct 30, 2004). Dilemmas Of Weak States: Africa And Transnational Terrorism In The Twenty-First Century (Contemporary Perspectives on Developing Societies). Ashgate Publishing. pp. 90–91. ISBN 978-0754642008. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
13. Caroline Glick (28 March 2008). "Israeli's accountability problem". Retrieved 29 March 2011.
14. Berger, Matthew E. (16 December 2004). "Bill Cracks Down on Killers of Americans". Retrieved 29 March 2011.
15. United States Government (2004). Congressional Record. Vol. 150, Part 5. Washington, D.C: Government Printing Office. p. 5599.
16. Shragai, Nadav (15 July 2008). "Begging their pardon". Retrieved 29 March 2011.
17. "Who are Islamic Jihad?". BBC. 9 June 2003. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
18. Marcus Gee (10 May 2001). "Mr. Day Speaks the Truth". The Globe and Mail. p. A.19. Retrieved 30 March 2011. Subscription required.
19. "Israeli teenagers 'stoned to death'". BBC. 9 May 2001. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
20. Berger, Matthew E. (December 16, 2004). "Bill Cracks Down on Killers of Americans". Jewish Journal.
21. . gpo.gov. SEPTEMBER 15, 2004. p. 184 http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CRPT-108srpt344/pdf/CRPT-108srpt344.pdf. {{cite news}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
22. ^ David Horovitz (12/14/2010). "The funny business of remembering Koby Mandell". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 11 March 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
23. ^ "The Koby Mandell Foundation". kobymandell.org.
24. Leonard A. Cole (June 2007). Terror: how Israel has coped and what America can. Indiana University Press. p. 170. ISBN 978-0253349187. Retrieved 11 March 2011.
25. Melanie Lidman (3/4/2011). "'They won't understand how the world can continue'". Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 30 March 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
26. Marnie Winston-Macauley (March 1, 2007). Yiddishe Mamas: The Truth About the Jewish Mother. Andrews McMeel Publishing. p. 307. ISBN 978-0740763762. Retrieved 11 March 2011.

External links

• Joyful transformations amidst pain

• Misplaced Pages neutral point of view disputes from March 2011
• Murdered American children
• Murdered Israeli children
• American people murdered abroad
• People murdered in the Palestinian territories
• Israeli terrorism victims
• Murder in 2001
• 2001 in the Palestinian territories
• Israeli–Palestinian conflict
• Terrorist incidents in Israel in 2001
• 2001 in Israel
• Terrorist attacks attributed to Palestinian militant groups